python如何解决爬虫ip被封- - -“您操作太频繁,请稍后再访问“

描述

python 3.9.6
pycharm

问题

当我想爬取某招聘网站的信息的时候出现如下信息

{"status":false,"msg":"您操作太频繁,请稍后再访问","clientIp":"113.92.xxx.xxx","state":2402}

原因

招聘网站的反爬机制会识别访问的ip地址，没有携带hearders字段时，机制会认为是爬虫，将访问ip封了

解决方法

需要添加header，用来模拟用户登陆。

右键-》copy-》copy as cURL

将复制的url复制到此链接的curl command板块

将此hearders添加到代码里
再在请求里添加headers字段

req = requests.post(url,data=data,headers=headers)

即可成功获取

完整代码

import requests



data = {
    'first': 'true',
    'pn': '1',
    'kd': 'devops'

}

headers = {
    'authority': 'www.lagou.com',
    'sec-ch-ua': '" Not;A Brand";v="99", "Google Chrome";v="91", "Chromium";v="91"',
    'x-anit-forge-code': '0',
    'sec-ch-ua-mobile': '?0',
    'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/91.0.4472.124 Safari/537.36',
    'content-type': 'application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8',
    'accept': 'application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01',
    'x-requested-with': 'XMLHttpRequest',
    'x-anit-forge-token': 'None',
    'origin': 'https://www.lagou.com',
    'sec-fetch-site': 'same-origin',
    'sec-fetch-mode': 'cors',
    'sec-fetch-dest': 'empty',
    'referer': 'https://www.lagou.com/jobs/list_devops?labelWords=&fromSearch=true&suginput=',
    'accept-language': 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.9',
    'cookie': 'user_trace_token=20210701180011-4072c9db-d003-4844-a073-736f42bf40d2; _ga=GA1.2.990750347.1625133612; LGUID=20210701180012-2e17d8bd-5ea4-44c5-8778-f1c7a1d55733; RECOMMEND_TIP=true; privacyPolicyPopup=false; _gid=GA1.2.1172577386.1625133628; index_location_city=%E5%85%A8%E5%9B%BD; __lg_stoken__=c464107bfc8c7699b4b9ab091a02b36fa0da7206bb819632fd3fd24aaa845416a2fedb45e6ce11b7c47e4caf7f6cdcb4148deec393528ad92441dded9e313ab97f29157b284b; JSESSIONID=ABAAAECAAEBABIICDEA3CABC2939F48693F2083DDF69F92; WEBTJ-ID=2021072%E4%B8%8A%E5%8D%8811:04:33110433-17a652cd0ed36b-005519fd181336-6373264-921600-17a652cd0eee17; sensorsdata2015session=%7B%7D; Hm_lvt_4233e74dff0ae5bd0a3d81c6ccf756e6=1625133612,1625133614,1625133628,1625206020; PRE_UTM=; PRE_LAND=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.lagou.com%2F; LGSID=20210702140659-b01cbbaa-d692-4da4-8e24-f1f4d2d57725; PRE_HOST=www.baidu.com; PRE_SITE=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baidu.com%2Flink%3Furl%3DiBegwdc5MIYG8VRAnt1Sl3KH1qai9frV%5FGMfPmg2wuO%26wd%3D%26eqid%3Defb6541e0006959b0000000660deacff; TG-TRACK-CODE=index_search; X_HTTP_TOKEN=6d7dc50382c24c1a0906025261711c7aa8b8ab0f8e; sensorsdata2015jssdkcross=%7B%22distinct_id%22%3A%2217a61833b30333-0d73eba337c105-6373264-921600-17a61833b31a06%22%2C%22first_id%22%3A%22%22%2C%22props%22%3A%7B%22%24latest_traffic_source_type%22%3A%22%E7%9B%B4%E6%8E%A5%E6%B5%81%E9%87%8F%22%2C%22%24latest_search_keyword%22%3A%22%E6%9C%AA%E5%8F%96%E5%88%B0%E5%80%BC_%E7%9B%B4%E6%8E%A5%E6%89%93%E5%BC%80%22%2C%22%24latest_referrer%22%3A%22%22%2C%22%24os%22%3A%22Windows%22%2C%22%24browser%22%3A%22Chrome%22%2C%22%24browser_version%22%3A%2291.0.4472.124%22%7D%2C%22%24device_id%22%3A%2217a61833b30333-0d73eba337c105-6373264-921600-17a61833b31a06%22%7D; _gat=1; Hm_lpvt_4233e74dff0ae5bd0a3d81c6ccf756e6=1625206091; LGRID=20210702140811-09ff2eee-5c0f-44d2-8501-2117d8d83d89; SEARCH_ID=29f013ed02e6461cb49f2da2573cf25a',
}

url = 'https://www.lagou.com/jobs/positionAjax.json?needAddtionalResult=false'


s = requests.session()
s.keep_alive = False


session=requests.session()
session.get('https://www.lagou.com/jobs/list_devops?labelWords=&fromSearch=true&suginput=',headers=headers)
cookies = session.cookies

req = requests.post(url,data=data,headers=headers)
print(req.text)