目录
DOM
事件代理
数组 对象
扁平化
去重 - unique()
拷贝
浅拷贝
深拷贝（copy()函数实现、JSON.stringify）
字符串
去除空格 - trim()
字符串全排列
广度优先实现
深度优先实现
排序和查找
插入排序
归并排序
快速排序
二分查找
找出出现次数最多的元素 - getMostItem()
功能函数实现
setTimeout实现setInterval
函数柯里化
防抖 节流
数据结构
单链表
设计模式
发布订阅模式
JS原生API实现
bind() call() apply()
InstanceOf
new
reduce() forEach()
Promise
HTTP请求
AJAX封装
JSONP
DOM
事件代理
document.getElementById("father-id").onclick=function(event){
event=event||window.event
lettarget=event.target||event.srcElement
//可以自己打印一下event.target.nodeName,看看是什么
if(target.nodeName.toLowerCase()==='xxx'){
//事件内容
}
}
数组 对象
扁平化
functionflatten(arr){
letresult=[]
for(leti=0,len=arr.length;i
if(Array.isArray(arr[i])) {
result=result.concat(flatten(arr[i]))
}else{
result.push(arr[i])
}
}
returnresult
}
去重 - unique()
functionunique(arr){
letappeard=newSet()
returnarr.filter(item=>{
//创建一个可以唯一标识对象的字符串id
letid=item+JSON.stringify(item)
if(appeard.has(id)) {
returnfalse
}else{
appeard.add(id)
returntrue
}
})
}
拷贝
浅拷贝
functioncopy(obj){
letresult=Array.isArray(obj)?[]:{}
Object.keys(obj).forEach(key=>result[key]=obj[key])
returnresult
}
otherStar={...star}
Object.assign({},star)
深拷贝
copy()函数实现
处理了循环引用和key为symbol类型的情况
functioncopy(obj,appeard=new Map()){
if(!(objinstanceofObject))returnobj//如果是原始数据类型
if(appeard.has(obj))returnappeard.get(obj)//如果已经出现过
letresult=Array.isArray(obj)?[]:{}
appeard.set(obj,result)//将新对象放入map
//遍历所有属性进行递归拷贝
;[...Object.keys(obj),...Object.getOwnPropertySymbols(obj)]
.forEach(key=>result[key]=copy(obj[key],appeard))
returnresult
}
JSON.stringify
只能处理纯JSON数据
有几种情况会发生错误
包含不能转成 JSON 格式的数据
循环引用
undefined,NaN, -Infinity, Infinity 都会被转化成null
RegExp/函数不会拷贝
new Date()会被转成字符串
new=JSON.parse(JSON.stringify(old))
字符串
去除空格 - trim()
functionmyTrim(str){
returnstr.replace(/(^\s+)|(\s+$)/g,'')//将前空格和后空格替换为空
}
functionmyTrim(str){//记录前后空格的个数,最后对字符串进行截取
letfirst=0,last=str.length
for(letiinstr) {
if(str[i]===' ') {
first++
}else{
break
}
}
for(leti=last;i>first;i--) {
if(str[i]===' ') {
last--
}else{
break
}
}
returnstr.substr(first,last-first)
}
字符串全排列
广度优先实现
functioncombine(str){//抽出一个字符s,对其余的进行排列,将s放在每种排列开头
if(str.length===1)return[str]
letresults=[]
for(letiinstr) {
for(letsofcombine(str.slice(0,i)+str.slice(1+(+i)))) {
results.push(str[i]+s)
}
}
//可能会出现类似"aa"=>[aa,aa,aa,aa]的情况,需要去重
return[...newSet(results)]
}
深度优先实现
functioncombine(str){//记录已经使用过的字符,深度优先访问所有方案
letresult=[]
;(function_combine(str,path=''){
if(str.length===0)returnresult.push(path)
for(letiinstr) {
_combine(str.slice(0,i)+str.slice((+i)+1,str.length),path+str[i])
}
})(str)
//可能会出现类似"aa"=>[aa,aa,aa,aa]的情况,需要去重
return[...newSet(result)]
}
排序和查找
插入排序
functionsort(arr){//原地
for(letiinarr) {//选一个元素
while(i>0&&arr[i]
[arr[i],arr[i-1]]=[arr[i-1],arr[i]]
i--
}
}
}
归并排序
functionsort(arr){
if(arr.length===1)returnarr
//分成两部分
letmid=Math.floor(arr.length/2)
let[part1,part2]=[sort(arr.slice(0,mid)),sort(arr.slice(mid))]
//对比+合并
letresult=[]
while(part1.length>0&&part2.length>0)
result.push((part1[0]
return[...result,...part1,...part2]
}
快速排序
functionsort(arr){
if(arr.length<=1)returnarr
//选基准值
letmid_pos=arr.length>>1
letmid=arr.splice(mid_pos,1)[0]
letleft=[],right=[]
//和基准值比较,分别插入left,right数组
arr.forEach(item=>(item<=mid?left:right).push(item))
return[...sort(left),mid,...sort(right)]//递归调用排序
}
二分查找
functionsearch(arr,target){//循环写法,不断移动左右指针,缩小范围
letleft=0,right=arr.length-1
while(left<=right) {
constmid_pos=Math.floor((left+right)/2)
constmid_val=arr[mid_pos]
if(target===mid_val) {
returnmid_pos
}elseif(target>mid_val) {
left=mid_pos+1
}else{
right=mid_pos-1
}
}
return-1
}
找出出现次数最多的元素 - getMostItem()
functiongetMost(arr){
//计数
letmap=newMap()
arr.forEach(item=>{
if(map.has(item)) {
map.set(item,map.get(item)+1)
}else{
map.set(item,1)
}
})
//找出出现最多
let[max_vals,max_num]=[[arr[0]],map.get(arr[0])]
map.forEach((count,item)=>{
if(count>max_num){
max_vals=[item]
max_num=count
}else{
max_vals.push(item)
}
})
returnmax_vals
}
console.log(getMost(['1','2','3','3','55','3','55','55']))
功能函数实现
setTimeout实现setInterval
functionmyInterval(fn,interval,...args){
letcontext=this
setTimeout(()=>{
fn.apply(context,args)
myInterval(fn,interval,...args)//别忘了为它传入参数
},interval)
}
myInterval((num)=>console.log(num),500,10)
函数柯里化
functionsum(...args1){
returnfunction(...args2){
return[...args1,...args2].reduce((p,n)=>p+n)
}
}
console.log(sum(1,2,2)(7))
防抖 节流
实现了两个加工方法,返回一个加工后的防抖/节流函数
防抖
functiondebounce(fn,delay){
lettimer=null
returnfunction(){
if(timer) clearTimeout(timer)
timer=setTimeout(()=>fn.call(...arguments),delay)//别忘了为它传入参数
}
}
节流
functionthrottle(fn,delay){
letflag=true
returnfunction(){
if(!flag)return
flag=false
setTimeout(()=>{
fn(...arguments)//别忘了为它传入参数
flag=true
},delay)
}
}
数据结构
单链表
functionNode(element){//结点类
[this.element,this.next]=[element,null]
}
classLinkList{//链表类
constructor() {
this.length=0
this.head=newNode()
this.tail=newNode()
this.head.next=this.tail
}
get_all() {
letresult=[]
letnow=this.head
while(now.next!==this.tail) {
now=now.next
result.push(now.element)
}
returnresult
}
unshift(element) {//开头添加
letnode=newNode(element)
node.next=this.head.next
this.head.next=node
}
shift(){//开头删除
letnode=this.head.next
this.head.next=this.head.next.next
returnnode.element
}
}
letlist=newLinkList()
list.unshift(15)
list.unshift(16)
list.unshift(17)
console.log(list.shift())//17
console.log(list.get_all())//[ 16, 15 ]
设计模式
发布订阅模式
classObserver{
constructor() {
this.events={}//事件中心
}
publish(eventName,...args) {//发布=>调用事件中心中对应的函数
if(this.events[eventName])
this.events[eventName].forEach(cb=>cb.apply(this,args))
}
subscribe(eventName,callback) {//订阅=>向事件中心中添加事件
if(this.events[eventName]) {
this.events[eventName].push(callback)
}else{
this.events[eventName]=[callback]
}
}
unSubscribe(eventName,callback) {//取消订阅
if(events[eventName])
events[eventName]=events[eventName].filter(cb=>cb!==callback)
}
}
JS原生API实现
bind() call() apply()
apply()
Function.prototype.myApply=function(context,args){
context.fn=this//为context设置函数属性
letresult=context.fn(...args)//调用函数
deletecontext.fn//删除context的函数属性
returnresult
}
call()
//除了...args
//和apply都一样
Function.prototype.myCall=function(context,...args){
context.fn=this
letresult=context.fn(...args)
deletecontext.fn
returnresult
}
bind()
Function.prototype.myBind=function(context,args1){//使用[闭包+apply]实现
return(...args2)=>this.apply(context,[...args1,...args2]);
}
InstanceOf
functionmyInstanceOf(son,father){//沿着父亲的原型链向上查找是否有儿子的原型
while(true) {
son=son.__proto__
if(!son)returnfalse
if(son===father.prototype)returntrue
}
}
myInstanceOf([],Array)// true
new
functionmyNew(constructor_fn,...args){
//构造新的空对象
letnew_obj={}
new_obj.__proto__=constructor_fn.prototype
letresult=constructor_fn.apply(new_obj,args)
//如果构造函数没有返回一个对象,则返回新创建的对象
//如果构造函数返回了一个对象,则返回那个对象
//如果构造函数返回原始值,则当作没有返回对象
returnresultinstanceofObject?result:new_obj
}
functionAnimal(name){
this.name = name;
}
letanimal = myNew(Animal,'dog');
console.log(animal.name)// dog
reduce() forEach()
reduce()
api用法:
arr.reduce(function(prev, cur, index, arr){}, initialValue)
实现:
Array.prototype.myReduce=function(fn,init_val){
let[val,idx]=init_val?[init_val,0]:[this[0],1]//设置初始值
for(leti=idx,len=this.length;i
val=fn(val,this[i],i,this)//循环并迭代结果
}
returnval
}
console.log([1,2,3,4,5].reduce((pre,item)=>pre+item,0))// 15
forEach()
api用法:
[1,3,5,7,9].myForEach(function(item,index,arr){
console.log(this)
},15)
实现:
Array.prototype.myForEach=function(fn,temp_this){
for(leti=0,len=this.length;i
fn.call(temp_this,this[i],i,this)//循环数组元素,为回调函数传入参数
}
}
Promise
Promise.all()
Promise.prototype.all=function(promiseList){
returnnewPromise((resolve,reject)=>{
if(promiseList.length===0)returnresolve([])
letresult=[],count=0
promiseList.forEach((promise,index)=>{
Promise.resolve(promise).then(value=>{
result[index]=value
if(++count===promiseList.length) resolve(result)
},reason=>reject(reason))
})
})
}
ES6所有API完整实现
通过Promise/A+ test测试
实现细节过多,还请参照Promise/A+规范阅读
也可以直接参考我关于promise的笔记
深入理解promise
https://blog.csdn.net/weixin_43758603/article/details/109641486
classPromise{
constructor(task) {
this.status="pending"
this.value=undefined
this.reason=undefined
this.fulfilled_callbacks=[]
this.rejected_callbacks=[]
try{
task(this._resolve,this._reject)
}catch(error) {
this._reject(error)
}
}
then(onFulfilled,onRejected){
if(this.status==='fulfilled') {
letpromise2=newPromise((resolve,reject)=>{
setTimeout(()=>{
try{
if(!this._isFunction(onFulfilled)) {
resolve(this.value)
}else{
this._resolvePromise(promise2,onFulfilled(this.value))
}
}catch(error) {
reject(error)
}
},0)
})
returnpromise2
}elseif(this.status==='rejected') {
letpromise2=newPromise((resolve,reject)=>{
setTimeout(()=>{
try{
if(!this._isFunction(onRejected)) {
reject(this.reason)
}else{
this._resolvePromise(promise2,onRejected(this.reason))
}
}catch(error) {
reject(error)
}
},0)
})
returnpromise2
}elseif(this.status==='pending') {
letpromise2=newPromise((resolve,reject)=>{
this.fulfilled_callbacks.push(()=>{
try{
if(!this._isFunction(onFulfilled)) {
resolve(this.value)
}else{
this._resolvePromise(promise2,onFulfilled(this.value))
}
}catch(error) {
reject(error)
}
})
this.rejected_callbacks.push(()=>{
try{
if(!this._isFunction(onRejected)) {
reject(this.reason)
}else{
this._resolvePromise(promise2,onRejected(this.reason))
}
}catch(error) {
reject(error)
}
})
})
returnpromise2
}
}
catch=onRejected=>this.then(null,onRejected)
finally=onFinished=>this.then(onFinished,onFinished)
staticdeferred(){
letdeferred={}
deferred.promise=newPromise((resolve,reject)=>{
deferred.resolve=resolve
deferred.reject=reject
})
returndeferred
}
staticresolve(value) {
if(valueinstanceofPromise)returnvalue
returnnewPromise(resolve=>resolve(value))
}
staticreject=reason=>{returnnewPromise((resolve, reject)=>reject(reason))}
staticall(promiseList) {
returnnewPromise((resolve,reject)=>{
if(promiseList.length===0)returnresolve([])
letresult=[],count=0
promiseList.forEach((promise,index)=>{
Promise.resolve(promise).then(value=>{
result[index]=value
if(++count===promiseList.length) resolve(result)
},reason=>reject(reason))
})
})
}
staticrace(promiseList) {
returnnewPromise((resolve,reject)=>{
if(promiseList.length===0)returnresolve()
promiseList.forEach(promise=>{
Promise.resolve(promise)
.then(value=>resolve(value),reason=>reject(reason))
})
})
}
staticallSettled(promiseList) {
returnnewPromise(resolve=>{
letresult=[],count=0
if(len===0)returnresolve(result)
promiseList.forEach((promise,i)=>{
Promise.resolve(promise).then(value=>{
result[i]={
status:'fulfilled',
value:value
}
if(++count===promiseList.length) resolve(result)
},reason=>{
result[i]={
status:'rejected',
reason:reason
}
if(++count===promiseList.length) resolve(result)
})
})
})
}
_resolve=value=>{
if(this.status!=='pending')return
setTimeout(()=>{
this.status ='fulfilled'
this.value = value
this.fulfilled_callbacks.forEach(cb=>cb(this.value))
},0)
}
_reject=reason=>{
if(this.status!=='pending')return
setTimeout(()=>{
this.reason = reason
this.status ='rejected'
this.rejected_callbacks.forEach(cb=>cb(this.reason))
},0)
}
_isFunction=f=>Object.prototype.toString.call(f).toLocaleLowerCase()==='[object function]'
_isObject=o=>Object.prototype.toString.call(o).toLocaleLowerCase()==='[object object]'
_resolvePromise(promise,x){
if(promise===x) {
promise._reject(newTypeError('cant be the same'))
return
}
if(xinstanceofPromise) {
if(x.status==='fulfilled') {
promise._resolve(x.value)
}elseif(x.status==='rejected') {
promise._reject(x.reason)
}elseif(x.status==='pending') {
x.then(value=>{
this._resolvePromise(promise,value)
},reason=>{
promise._reject(reason)
})
}
return
}
if(this._isObject(x)||this._isFunction(x)) {
letthen
try{
then=x.then
}catch(error) {
promise._reject(error)
return
}
if(this._isFunction(then)) {
letcalled=false
try{
then.call(x,value=>{
if(called)return
called=true
this._resolvePromise(promise,value)
},reason=>{
if(called)return
called=true
promise._reject(reason)
})
}catch(error) {
if(called)return
promise._reject(error)
}
}else{
promise._resolve(x)
}
}else{
promise._resolve(x)
}
}
}
module.exports =Promise
HTTP请求
AJAX封装
functionajax(method,url,params,callback){
//对参数进行处理
method=method.toUpperCase()
letpost_params=null
letget_params=''
if(method==='GET') {
if(typeofparams==='object') {
lettempArr=[]
for(letkeyinparams) {
tempArr.push(`${key}=${params[key]}`)
}
params=tempArr.join('&')
}
get_params=`?${params}`
}else{
post_params=params
}
//发请求
letxhr=newXMLHttpRequest()
xhr.onreadystatechange=function(){
if(xhr.readyState!==4)return
callback(xhr.responseText)
}
xhr.open(method,url+get_params,false)
if(method==='POST')
xhr.setRequestHeader('Content-Type','application/x-www-form-urlencoded')
xhr.send(post_params)
}
ajax('get','https://www.baidu.com',{id:15},data=>console.log(data))
JSONP
functionjsonp(url, params_obj, callback){
//创建一个供后端返回数据调用的函数名
letfuncName ='jsonp_'+ Data.now() +Math.random().toString().substr(2,5)
//将参数拼接成字符串
if(typeofparams==='object') {
lettemp=[]
for(letkeyinparams) {
temp.push(`${key}=${params[key]}`)
}
params=temp.join('&')
}
//在html中插入