apt upgrade与 apt dist-upgrade的区别

先说结论

apt upgrade可以更新包，apt dist-upgrade是增强版本，它可以智能的删除和安装一些包，以满足各个包的依赖关系。

为什么需要dist-upgrade

upgrade的过程中会出现包的版本冲突的情况，比如：

    The following packages have unmet dependencies:
     libapache2-mod-php5 : Depends: php5-common (>= 5.3.3-7+squeeze14) but 5.3.3-7+squeeze13 is to be installed
                           Depends: php5-cli but it is not going to be installed
                           Depends: php5-json but it is not going to be installed
                           Depends: php5-readline but it is not going to be installed
    E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt-get -f install' with no packages (or specify a solution).

这个时候，就需要dist-upgrade了。

怎么用dist-upgrade

很简单：

sudo apt update && sudo apt dist-upgrade

以上代码将会更新所有的包，包括系统的核心包。比如，你用linux高级模式进入了一个较低版本的系统内核，然后你想升级到最新的内核，就可以用这个命令。之后重启，就可以进入最新的内核了。