Ubuntu22.04 VirtualBox

Ubuntu22.04 VirtualBox

通常三种虚拟机网络连入模式

桥接网卡

虚拟网卡连入宿主机所在的路由器，公用一个网关地址，自动分配路由器ip到虚拟网卡上，相当于和物理机一样的地址，在同一网段，其他物理机和这个虚拟机一样，可以互相访问，也可以连接外网。

Nat网络

Nat网络转发，默认和宿主机共享ip，外界看不到虚拟机的真实ip，虚拟机可以联网，但是外部网络不能访问虚拟机，除非配置端口转发。虚拟机之间可以互相访问。

仅主机（Host-Only）网络

更加封闭的网络设置，只有宿主机和虚拟机能之间能访问，默认不能联网。

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VirtualBox 通过2种网络连入配合设置网络可以被宿主机访问，可以访问外部网络，操作步骤：

1. 启动 VirtualBox

2. 确保工具 -> 属性 -> 仅主机 (Host-Only)网络 有相关的网络
   
   

3. 确保工具 -> 属性 -> NAT网络 有相关的网络
   
   设置网络配置-网卡1
   
   设置网络配置-网卡2
   

4. 查看网卡配置

$ ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 08:00:27:91:eb:1f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    ...
3: enp0s8: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 08:00:27:3e:45:a9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
4: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default 
    link/ether 02:42:3b:66:8e:f9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

$ cat /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml
network:
  ethernets:
    enp0s3:
      dhcp4: true
  version: 2

5. 编辑 /etc/netplan/00-installer-config.yaml

network:
  ethernets:
    enp0s3:
      dhcp4: true
    enp0s8:
      dhcp4: false
      addresses: [192.168.56.11/24]
      nameservers:
        addresses:
          - 8.8.8.8
          - 8.8.4.4
          - 114.114.114.114
          - 192.168.56.1
  version: 2

6. IP更新生效

$ sudo netplan apply
$ ip addr
1: lo: <LOOPBACK,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 65536 qdisc noqueue state UNKNOWN group default qlen 1000
    link/loopback 00:00:00:00:00:00 brd 00:00:00:00:00:00
    inet 127.0.0.1/8 scope host lo
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 ::1/128 scope host 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
2: enp0s3: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 08:00:27:91:eb:1f brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 10.0.2.4/24 metric 100 brd 10.0.2.255 scope global dynamic enp0s3
       valid_lft 499sec preferred_lft 499sec
    inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe91:eb1f/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
3: enp0s8: <BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP,LOWER_UP> mtu 1500 qdisc fq_codel state UP group default qlen 1000
    link/ether 08:00:27:3e:45:a9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 192.168.56.11/24 brd 192.168.56.255 scope global enp0s8
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
    inet6 fe80::a00:27ff:fe3e:45a9/64 scope link 
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever
4: docker0: <NO-CARRIER,BROADCAST,MULTICAST,UP> mtu 1500 qdisc noqueue state DOWN group default 
    link/ether 02:42:3b:66:8e:f9 brd ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff
    inet 172.17.0.1/16 brd 172.17.255.255 scope global docker0
       valid_lft forever preferred_lft forever

$ ping www.baidu.com
PING www.a.shifen.com (14.119.104.254): 56 data bytes
64 bytes from 14.119.104.254: icmp_seq=0 ttl=54 time=7.979 ms
64 bytes from 14.119.104.254: icmp_seq=1 ttl=54 time=8.269 ms
64 bytes from 14.119.104.254: icmp_seq=2 ttl=54 time=8.764 ms
64 bytes from 14.119.104.254: icmp_seq=3 ttl=54 time=9.807 ms
64 bytes from 14.119.104.254: icmp_seq=4 ttl=54 time=9.206 ms
...