实战解决百度旋转验证码

1、效果演示

2、如何识别

2.1准备数据集

首先需要使用爬虫，对验证码图片进行采集，尽量每一种类型都要采集到。

2.2图像矫正

接下来对采集的数据进行人工校正

2.3数据清洗

（1）对数据进行进行旋转，达到增加数据量的目的。

（2）对数据进行灰度化处理，将三维图片降为二维。

（3）对图片大小进行resize，可以提高训练速度。

# 图片转换部分，得到x
picture = Picture(path=img_path)
# 图像灰度化处理
temp_img = picture.gray()
# 图像resize
temp_img = temp_img.resize((50, 50), Image.LANCZOS)
# 获取y
word = img_path.split('\\')[-1].split('-')[0]

# 结果包装成列表，保证x，y是一个整体，不被打乱
res = [np.array(temp_img),np.array(word)]
# 将结构给全局变量
result_list.append(res)
# 记录完成数量
complete_list.append(img_path)

2.4划分训练集与测试集

一般训练集占数据量的80%，测试集占总数据量的20%，当然也可以根据自己的情况调整比例。

2.5训练模型

这里可以使用CNN神经网络模型进行训练，效果非常不错。

2.6实战测试

下面直接上代码。其中的滑动系数可能需要自行调整，这个变动不会太频繁，可能几个月某度变一次。

__author__ = "detayun"

import os
import sys
import time
import base64
import requests
from PIL import Image
from io import BytesIO
sys.path.append(os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(os.path.dirname(__file__)))))
from selenium import webdriver
from selenium.webdriver.support.wait import WebDriverWait
from selenium.webdriver import ActionChains

#PIL图片保存为base64编码
def PIL_base64(img, coding='utf-8'):
    img_format = img.format
    if img_format == None:
        img_format = 'JPEG'

    format_str = 'JPEG'
    if 'png' == img_format.lower():
        format_str = 'PNG'
    if 'gif' == img_format.lower():
        format_str = 'gif'

    if img.mode == "P":
        img = img.convert('RGB')
    if img.mode == "RGBA":
        format_str = 'PNG'
        img_format = 'PNG'

    output_buffer = BytesIO()
    # img.save(output_buffer, format=format_str)
    img.save(output_buffer, quality=100, format=format_str)
    byte_data = output_buffer.getvalue()
    base64_str = 'data:image/' + img_format.lower() + ';base64,' + base64.b64encode(byte_data).decode(coding)

    return base64_str

# 根据链接下载旋转图片
def get_img(url):
    header = {
        "Host": "passport.baidu.com",
        "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:93.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/93.0",
        "Accept": "image/avif,image/webp,*/*",
        "Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2",
        "Accept-Encoding": "gzip, deflate, br",
        "Referer": "https://wappass.baidu.com/",
        "Connection": "keep-alive",
        "Cookie": 'Hm_lvt_3eecc7feff77952670b7c24e952e8773=1666849322,1666919008,1666961940,1667175865; Hm_lpvt_3eecc7feff77952670b7c24e952e8773=1667186488; token="MTY2NzE4NzczNS4yMTEzMjg1OmQwNDNhNmZiZTA4MjlmOGY1YjE0MjA0NmViN2M1NTdkM2MyYWY3NzE="; sessionid=aa6zibdmfbs5cwzh6x62niw7fbqe5pon',
        "Sec-Fetch-Dest": "image",
        "Sec-Fetch-Mode": "no-cors",
        "Sec-Fetch-Site": "same-site",
        "Pragma": "no-cache",
        "Cache-Control": "no-cache",
    }
    response = requests.get(url=url,headers=header)

    if response.status_code == 200:
        img = Image.open(BytesIO(response.content))

    # 将图片转换成base64字符串并返回
    return PIL_base64(img)

# 识别
def shibie(base64_img):
    url = "http://www.detayun.cn/tool/verify_code_identify/"
    header = {
        "Host": "www.detayun.cn",
        "User-Agent": "Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64; rv:101.0) Gecko/20100101 Firefox/101.0",
        "Accept": "application/json, text/javascript, */*; q=0.01",
        "Accept-Language": "zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2",
        "Referer": "http://www.detayun.cn/tool/verifyCodeIdentifyPage/?verify_idf_id=9",
        "Content-Type": "application/x-www-form-urlencoded; charset=UTF-8",
        "X-Requested-With": "XMLHttpRequest",
        "Content-Length": "134652",
        "Origin": "http://www.detayun.cn",
        "Connection": "keep-alive",
        "Cookie": 'Hm_lvt_3eecc7feff77952670b7c24e952e8773=1688628385,1688694584,1688743439,1688889515; _ga_CD35DZJ728=GS1.1.1677340409.5.1.1677340416.0.0.0; _ga=GA1.1.1572230966.1677226494; token="MTY4ODg5MzEwOC42MTI2NDk3OjY0ZTk0YWI1NTg3MWFmMDhkOTg3ZmIxZGQxMGIwYzIwZjBlNTRhODE="; sessionid=m8k9lxbpc3pzx2nbuylrj9llft7yqir6; Hm_lpvt_3eecc7feff77952670b7c24e952e8773=1688889515',
        "Pragma": "no-cache",
        "Cache-Control": "no-cache",
    }
    data = {
        'verify_idf_id':'16',
        'img_base64':base64_img,
        'words':'',
    }
    response = requests.post(url=url,headers=header,data=data)
    if response.json()['code'] == 401:
        print('请登录识别账号，更新代码中的Cookie。登录地址：http://www.detayun.cn/account/loginPage/')
        return

    return int(str(response.json()['data']['res_str']).replace('顺时针旋转','').replace('度',''))


if __name__ == '__main__':
    options = webdriver.ChromeOptions()
    driver = webdriver.Chrome(executable_path='.\webdriver\chromedriver.exe', options=options)

    # 访问百度首页
    driver.get('https://wappass.baidu.com/static/captcha/tuxing.html?&ak=c27bbc89afca0463650ac9bde68ebe06&backurl=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.baidu.com%2Fs%3Fcl%3D3%26tn%3Dbaidutop10%26fr%3Dtop1000%26wd%3D%25E6%25B6%2588%25E9%2598%25B2%25E6%2588%2598%25E5%25A3%25AB%25E8%25BF%259E%25E5%25A4%259C%25E7%25AD%2591%25E5%259D%259D%25E5%25BA%2594%25E5%25AF%25B9%25E6%25B4%25AA%25E5%25B3%25B0%25E8%25BF%2587%25E5%25A2%2583%26rsv_idx%3D2%26rsv_dl%3Dfyb_n_homepage%26hisfilter%3D1&logid=8309940529500911554&signature=4bce59041938b160b7c24423bde0b518×tamp=1624535702')

    # 等待滑块出现
    WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(lambda x: x.find_element_by_xpath('//div[@class="passMod_slide-btn "]'))
    yzm_button = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//div[@class="passMod_slide-btn "]')
    time.sleep(1)
    move_x = 100

    # 等待验证码出现
    WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(lambda x: x.find_element_by_xpath('//img[@class="passMod_spin-background"]'))
    img_src = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//img[@class="passMod_spin-background"]').get_attribute('src')
    # 下载图片并转化为base64
    img_base64 = get_img(img_src)
    # 识别图片旋转角度
    move_x = shibie(img_base64)
    # 通过旋转角度 * 滑动系数 = 滑动距离
    move_x = move_x * 0.66
    # 开始滑动
    action = ActionChains(driver)
    action.click_and_hold(yzm_button).perform()  # 鼠标左键按下不放
    action.move_by_offset(move_x, 0).perform()
    action.release().perform()  # 释放鼠标

    time.sleep(2)

    # 第二次滑动
    # 等待滑块出现
    WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(lambda x: x.find_element_by_xpath('//div[@class="passMod_slide-btn "]'))
    yzm_button = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//div[@class="passMod_slide-btn "]')
    time.sleep(1)
    move_x = 100

    # 等待验证码出现
    WebDriverWait(driver, 10).until(lambda x: x.find_element_by_xpath('//img[@class="passMod_spin-background"]'))
    img_src = driver.find_element_by_xpath('//img[@class="passMod_spin-background"]').get_attribute('src')
    # 下载图片并转化为base64
    img_base64 = get_img(img_src)
    # 识别图片旋转角度
    move_x = shibie(img_base64)
    # 通过旋转角度 * 滑动系数 = 滑动距离
    move_x = move_x * 0.66
    # 开始滑动
    action = ActionChains(driver)
    action.click_and_hold(yzm_button).perform()  # 鼠标左键按下不放
    action.move_by_offset(move_x, 0).perform()
    action.release().perform()  # 释放鼠标