China fines Alibaba $2.8 billion

China fines Alibaba $2.8 billion in landmark antitrust case

中国在标志性反垄断案中对阿里巴巴罚款 28 亿美元

China said on Saturday that it was imposing a record $2.8 billion fine on e-commerce titan Alibaba for monopolistic business practices, the government's toughest action to date in its campaign to regulate the country's internet giants more closely.***

中国政府周六表示,因电商巨头阿里巴巴的垄断性商业行为,将对其处以创纪录的 28 亿美元罚款,这在中国政府对国内互联网巨头收紧监管的行动中是迄今为止最严厉的处罚。

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Beijing's market watchdog began investigating Alibaba in December for potential antitrust violations including preventing merchants from selling their goods on other shopping platforms. On Saturday, the regulator said its investigation had concluded that Alibaba had hindered competition in online retail in China, affected innovation in the internet economy and harmed consumers' interests.

中国市场监督机构从去年 12 月开始调查阿里巴巴潜在的反垄断违规行为,包括阻止商家在其他购物平台上销售商品。而在周六,监管机构表示,其调查结论是,阿里巴巴阻碍了中国在线零售业的竞争,影响了互联网经济的创新,并损害了消费者的利益。

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The fine on Alibaba, one of China's most valuable private companies, exceeds the $975 million antitrust penalty that the Chinese government imposed on Qualcomm, the American chip giant, in 2015. Even so, it is unlikely to leave a substantial dent on Alibaba's fortunes. The regulator said the fine represented 4% of Alibaba's domestic sales in 2019. The group reported profits of more than $12 billion in the last three months of 2020 alone.***

对中国最有价值的民营企业之一阿里巴巴的罚款,超过了 2015 年中国政府对美国芯片巨头高通的 9.75 亿美元反垄断处罚。即便如此,罚款不太可能对阿里巴巴的财富造成实质性打击。监管机构表示,这笔罚款占阿里巴巴 2019 年国内销售额的 4%。但该集团仅在 2020 年最后三个月就报告了超过 120 亿美元的利润。

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Skepticism about the clout of large internet companies has been on the rise in the United States and Europe, too. Western regulators have repeatedly fined goliaths such as Google in recent years for various antitrust violations. But such penalties generally have not changed the nature of the companies' businesses enough to mitigate concerns about their power.

在美国和欧洲,人们对大型互联网公司影响力的疑虑也在上升。西方监管机构近年来多次对谷歌等巨头公司的各种反垄断违规行为进行罚款。但这些处罚总体上都没有改变上述公司的业务性质,并不足以减轻人们对其权力的担忧。

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主编:宇轩、木子

品控:木子

审核:Raven

Photo credit: Anthony WALLACE / AFP

重点词汇

fine

/faɪn/

v. 处…以罚款,处…以罚金

词性拓展:fine(n. 罚金)

词源:在拉丁语中,fine 表示用以解决争端的赔偿金。

相关词汇:fine(adj. 良好的)

landmark

/ˈlænd.mɑːrk/

n. 地标;(发展过程中的)里程碑

搭配短语:landmark court decision(法院的重大判决)

搭配短语:landmark reform(里程碑式的改革)

antitrust

/ˌæn.t̬iˈtrʌst/

adj. 反垄断的,反托拉斯的

词根词缀:anti-(表示“反……的”)

相关词汇:trust(n. 托拉斯,垄断企业)

impose

/ɪmˈpoʊz/

v. 强制执行;征收

搭配短语:to impose a life sentence(判处终身监禁)

搭配短语:to impose an income tax(征收所得税)

titan

/ˈtaɪ.tən/

n. 泰斗;巨人

英文释义:a person or thing of great strength or importance

文化补充:Titan 原指古希腊神话中奥林匹斯众神的祖先。

派生词:titanic(adj. 巨大的)

文化补充:Titanic(“泰坦尼克”号游轮)

monopolistic

/məˌnɑː.pəlˈɪs.tɪk/

adj. 垄断性的

相关词汇:monopoly(n. 垄断;独占;专利)

例句:He has a regional monopoly on furs.(n. 垄断)

例句:A good education should not be the monopoly of the rich.(n. 独占;专利)

business practice

商业行为

相关词汇:business(n. 业务)

相关词汇:practice(n. 实践)

搭配短语:standard practice(标准操作)

搭配短语:best practices(最佳实践,规范做法)

to date

至今,迄今

同义短语:until now

例句:This is their finest work to date.

closely

/ˈkloʊs.li/

adv. 仔细地,严密地

搭配短语:a closely guarded secret(一个被人严防死守的秘密)

补充:原文中的搭配 to regulate more closely 可替换为:to examine more closely(更严格地检查),或者 to monitor more closely(更严格地监控)。

watchdog

/ˈwɑːtʃ.dɑːɡ/

n. 监管机构

搭配短语:the UN's nuclear watchdog(联合国的核监督机构)

hinder

/ˈhɪn.dɚ/

v. 阻碍,妨碍

词义辨析:hinder, stop

stop 指完全阻挡住了,而 hinder 则表示为某人或者某事制造困难,耽误了别人。

英文释义:to create difficulties for someone or something, resulting in delay

例句:Their arguments hindered teamwork.

Internet economy

互联网经济

相关词汇:economy(n. 经济体)

搭配短语:new economy(新经济)

搭配短语:the female economy(女性经济 / “她经济”)

penalty

/ˈpen.əl.ti/

n. 罚金,罚款;处罚;不利,劣势;点球

搭配短语:the death penalty(死刑)

例句:One of the penalties of age is a lack of energy.(n. 不利,劣势)

例句:He finally scored from a penalty.(n. 点球)

even so

然而,即便如此

同义词:however

leave a dent on sth.

给某事造成伤害

相关词汇:dent(n. 凹痕;减少,损伤)

例句:There's a dent on the table.(n. 凹痕)

搭配短语:an unexpected dent in the stock price(n. 减少,损伤)

fortune

/ˈfɔːr.tʃuːn/

n. 一大笔钱;大量财产

相关词汇:fortune(表示“运气”时不可数,且需加量词)

搭配短语:a stroke of good fortune(“一次好运气”)

搭配短语:Fortune 500 companies(“财富 500 强公司”)

alone

/əˈloʊn/

adv. 仅仅,只有

近义词:only

例句:A man does not live by bread alone.

skepticism

/ˈskep.tɪ.sɪ.zəm/

n. 怀疑态度

相关词汇:skeptic(n. 怀疑论者)

相关词汇:skeptical(adj. 表示怀疑的)

例句:His ideas were treated with great skepticism.

clout

/klaʊt/

n. 权势;影响力

例句:My boss carries a lot of clout within our company.

be on the rise

日益增长

同义表达:be increasing / be growing

相关词汇:rise(v. 升起)

派生词:sunrise(n. 日出)

goliath

/ɡəˈlaɪ.əθ/

n. 重要人物,巨人;大公司

文化补充:歌利亚(Goliath)是《圣经》描述的巨人,被大卫用石头所杀。

搭配短语:corporate goliath

not enough to do sth.

不足以做某事

mitigate

/ˈmɪt̬.ə.ɡeɪt/

v. 使缓和;减轻(危害等)

搭配短语:to mitigate a punishment(减轻惩罚)

搭配短语:to mitigate possible risks(降低潜在风险)

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