【深入浅出Spring原理及实战】「开发实战系列」SpringSecurity与JWT实现权限管控以及登录认证指南

SpringSecurity介绍

SpringSecurity是一个用于Java 企业级应用程序的安全框架，主要包含用户认证和用户授权两个方面，相比较Shiro而言，Security功能更加的强大，它可以很容易地扩展以满足更多安全控制方面的需求，但也相对它的学习成本会更高，两种框架各有利弊。实际开发中还是要根据业务和项目的需求来决定使用哪一种.

JWT的认证传输协议

JWT是在Web应用中安全传递信息的规范，从本质上来说是Token的演变，是一种生成加密用户身份信息的Token，特别适用于分布式单点登陆的场景，无需在服务端保存用户的认证信息，而是直接对Token进行校验获取用户信息，使单点登录更为简单灵活。

系统搭建

环境管控

• SpringBoot版本:2.1.6
• SpringSecurity版本: 5.1.5
• MyBatis-Plus版本: 3.1.0
• JDK版本:1.8

Maven依赖如下：

<dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>mysqlgroupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>
            <scope>runtimescope>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombokgroupId>
            <artifactId>lombokartifactId>
            <optional>trueoptional>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-testartifactId>
            <scope>testscope>
        dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-securityartifactId>
        dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.baomidougroupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-plus-boot-starterartifactId>
            <version>3.1.0version>
        dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
            <artifactId>druidartifactId>
            <version>1.1.6version>
        dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commonsgroupId>
            <artifactId>commons-lang3artifactId>
            <version>3.5version>
        dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
            <artifactId>fastjsonartifactId>
            <version>1.2.45version>
        dependency>
        
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.securitygroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-security-jwtartifactId>
            <version>1.0.9.RELEASEversion>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.jsonwebtokengroupId>
            <artifactId>jjwtartifactId>
            <version>0.9.0version>
        dependency>
dependencies>

springboot配置文件

配置如下:

# 配置端口
server:
  port: 8888
spring:
  # 配置数据源
  datasource:
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    url: jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/call_center?serverTimezone=UTC&useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&zeroDateTimeBehavior=convertToNull&useSSL=false
    username: root
    password: root
    type: com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
# JWT配置
jwt:
  # 密匙KEY
  secret: JWTSecret
  # HeaderKEY
  tokenHeader: Authorization
  # Token前缀字符
  tokenPrefix: callcenter-
  # 过期时间 单位秒 1天后过期=86400 7天后过期=604800
  expiration: 86400
  # 配置不需要认证的接口
  antMatchers: /index,/login/**,/favicon.ico
# Mybatis-plus相关配置
mybatis-plus:
  # xml扫描，多个目录用逗号或者分号分隔（告诉 Mapper 所对应的 XML 文件位置）
  mapper-locations: classpath:mapper/*.xml
  # 以下配置均有默认值,可以不设置
  global-config:
    db-config:
      #主键类型 AUTO:"数据库ID自增" INPUT:"用户输入ID",ID_WORKER:"全局唯一ID (数字类型唯一ID)", UUID:"全局唯一ID UUID";
      id-type: AUTO
      #字段策略 IGNORED:"忽略判断"  NOT_NULL:"非 NULL 判断")  NOT_EMPTY:"非空判断"
      field-strategy: NOT_EMPTY
      #数据库类型
      db-type: MYSQL
  configuration:
    # 是否开启自动驼峰命名规则映射:从数据库列名到Java属性驼峰命名的类似映射
    map-underscore-to-camel-case: true
    # 返回map时true:当查询数据为空时字段返回为null,false:不加这个查询数据为空时，字段将被隐藏
    call-setters-on-nulls: true
    # 这个配置会将执行的sql打印出来，在开发或测试的时候可以用
    log-impl: org.apache.ibatis.logging.stdout.StdOutImpl

开发核心类

编写JWT工具类

@Slf4j
public class JWTTokenUtil {

    /**
     * 生成Token
     * @Param  selfUserEntity 用户安全实体
     * @Return Token
     */
    public static String createAccessToken(SelfUserEntity selfUserEntity){
        // 登陆成功生成JWT
        String token = Jwts.builder()
                // 放入用户名和用户ID
                .setId(selfUserEntity.getUserId()+"")
                // 主题
                .setSubject(selfUserEntity.getUsername())
                // 签发时间
                .setIssuedAt(new Date())
                // 签发者
                .setIssuer("sans")
                // 自定义属性 放入用户拥有权限
                .claim("authorities", JSON.toJSONString(selfUserEntity.getAuthorities()))
                // 失效时间
                .setExpiration(new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + JWTConfig.expiration))
                // 签名算法和密钥
                .signWith(SignatureAlgorithm.HS512, JWTConfig.secret)
                .compact();
        return token;
    }
}

无权限处理类

@Component
public class UserAuthAccessDeniedHandler implements AccessDeniedHandler{
    /**
     * 暂无权限返回结果
     */
    @Override
    public void handle(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AccessDeniedException exception){
        ResultUtil.responseJson(response,ResultUtil.resultCode(403,"未授权"));
    }
}

用户未登录处理类

/**
 * 用户未登录处理类
 */
@Component
public class UserAuthenticationEntryPointHandler implements AuthenticationEntryPoint{
    @Override
    public void commence(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException exception){
        ResultUtil.responseJson(response,ResultUtil.resultCode(401,"未登录"));
    }
}

登录失败处理类

@Slf4j
@Component
public class UserLoginFailureHandler implements AuthenticationFailureHandler {
    /**
     * 登录失败返回结果
     * @Author Sans
     * @CreateTime 2019/10/3 9:12
     */
    @Override
    public void onAuthenticationFailure(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException exception){
        // 这些对于操作的处理类可以根据不同异常进行不同处理
        if (exception instanceof UsernameNotFoundException){
            log.info("【登录失败】"+exception.getMessage());
            ResultUtil.responseJson(response,ResultUtil.resultCode(500,"用户名不存在"));
        }
        if (exception instanceof LockedException){
            log.info("【登录失败】"+exception.getMessage());
            ResultUtil.responseJson(response,ResultUtil.resultCode(500,"用户被冻结"));
        }
        if (exception instanceof BadCredentialsException){
            log.info("【登录失败】"+exception.getMessage());
            ResultUtil.responseJson(response,ResultUtil.resultCode(500,"用户名密码不正确"));
        }
        ResultUtil.responseJson(response,ResultUtil.resultCode(500,"登录失败"));
    }
}

登录成功处理类

@Slf4j
@Component
public class UserLoginSuccessHandler implements AuthenticationSuccessHandler {
    @Override
    public void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Authentication authentication){
        // 组装JWT
        SelfUserEntity selfUserEntity =  (SelfUserEntity) authentication.getPrincipal();
        String token = JWTTokenUtil.createAccessToken(selfUserEntity);
        token = JWTConfig.tokenPrefix + token;
        // 封装返回参数
        Map<String,Object> resultData = new HashMap<>();
        resultData.put("code","200");
        resultData.put("msg", "登录成功");
        resultData.put("token",token);
        ResultUtil.responseJson(response,resultData);
    }
}

登出成功处理类

@Component
public class UserLogoutSuccessHandler implements LogoutSuccessHandler {
    @Override
    public void onLogoutSuccess(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Authentication authentication){
        Map<String,Object> resultData = new HashMap<>();
        resultData.put("code","200");
        resultData.put("msg", "登出成功");
        SecurityContextHolder.clearContext();
        ResultUtil.responseJson(response,ResultUtil.resultSuccess(resultData));
    }
}

编写Security核心类

自定义登录验证

@Component
public class UserAuthenticationProvider implements AuthenticationProvider {
    @Autowired
    private SelfUserDetailsService selfUserDetailsService;
    @Autowired
    private SysUserService sysUserService;
    @Override
    public Authentication authenticate(Authentication authentication) throws AuthenticationException {
        // 获取表单输入中返回的用户名
        String userName = (String) authentication.getPrincipal();
        // 获取表单中输入的密码
        String password = (String) authentication.getCredentials();
        // 查询用户是否存在
        SelfUserEntity userInfo = selfUserDetailsService.loadUserByUsername(userName);
        if (userInfo == null) {
            throw new UsernameNotFoundException("用户名不存在");
        }
        // 还要判断密码是否正确，这里我们的密码使用BCryptPasswordEncoder进行加密的
        if (!new BCryptPasswordEncoder().matches(password, userInfo.getPassword())) {
            throw new BadCredentialsException("密码不正确");
        }
        // 还可以加一些其他信息的判断，比如用户账号已停用等判断
        if (userInfo.getStatus().equals("PROHIBIT")){
            throw new LockedException("该用户已被冻结");
        }
        // 角色集合
        Set<GrantedAuthority> authorities = new HashSet<>();
        // 查询用户角色
        List<SysRoleEntity> sysRoleEntityList = sysUserService.selectSysRoleByUserId(userInfo.getUserId());
        for (SysRoleEntity sysRoleEntity: sysRoleEntityList){
            authorities.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority("ROLE_" + sysRoleEntity.getRoleName()));
        }
        userInfo.setAuthorities(authorities);
        // 进行登录
        return new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(userInfo, password, authorities);
    }
    @Override
    public boolean supports(Class<?> authentication) {
        return true;
    }
}

自定义PermissionEvaluator注解验证

自定义权限注解验证

@Component
public class UserPermissionEvaluator implements PermissionEvaluator {
    @Autowired
    private SysUserService sysUserService;
    /**
     * hasPermission鉴权方法
     * 这里仅仅判断PreAuthorize注解中的权限表达式
     * 实际中可以根据业务需求设计数据库通过targetUrl和permission做更复杂鉴权
     * @Param  authentication  用户身份
     * @Param  targetUrl  请求路径
     * @Param  permission 请求路径权限
     * @Return boolean 是否通过
     */
    @Override
    public boolean hasPermission(Authentication authentication, Object targetUrl, Object permission) {
        // 获取用户信息
        SelfUserEntity selfUserEntity =(SelfUserEntity) authentication.getPrincipal();
        // 查询用户权限(这里可以将权限放入缓存中提升效率)
        Set<String> permissions = new HashSet<>();
        List<SysMenuEntity> sysMenuEntityList = sysUserService.selectSysMenuByUserId(selfUserEntity.getUserId());
        for (SysMenuEntity sysMenuEntity:sysMenuEntityList) {
            permissions.add(sysMenuEntity.getPermission());
        }
        // 权限对比
        if (permissions.contains(permission.toString())){
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
    @Override
    public boolean hasPermission(Authentication authentication, Serializable targetId, String targetType, Object permission) {
        return false;
    }
}

SpringSecurity核心配置类

/**
 * SpringSecurity核心配置类
 */
@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
@EnableGlobalMethodSecurity(prePostEnabled = true) //开启权限注解,默认是关闭的
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    /**
     * 自定义登录成功处理器
     */
    @Autowired
    private UserLoginSuccessHandler userLoginSuccessHandler;
    /**
     * 自定义登录失败处理器
     */
    @Autowired
    private UserLoginFailureHandler userLoginFailureHandler;
    /**
     * 自定义注销成功处理器
     */
    @Autowired
    private UserLogoutSuccessHandler userLogoutSuccessHandler;
    /**
     * 自定义暂无权限处理器
     */
    @Autowired
    private UserAuthAccessDeniedHandler userAuthAccessDeniedHandler;
    /**
     * 自定义未登录的处理器
     */
    @Autowired
    private UserAuthenticationEntryPointHandler userAuthenticationEntryPointHandler;
    /**
     * 自定义登录逻辑验证器
     */
    @Autowired
    private UserAuthenticationProvider userAuthenticationProvider;
    
    /**
     * 加密方式
     * @CreateTime 2019/10/1 14:00
     */
    @Bean
    public BCryptPasswordEncoder bCryptPasswordEncoder(){
        return new BCryptPasswordEncoder();
    }
    /**
     * 注入自定义PermissionEvaluator
     */
    @Bean
    public DefaultWebSecurityExpressionHandler userSecurityExpressionHandler(){
        DefaultWebSecurityExpressionHandler handler = new DefaultWebSecurityExpressionHandler();
        handler.setPermissionEvaluator(new UserPermissionEvaluator());
        return handler;
    }
    /**
     * 配置登录验证逻辑
     */
    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth){
        //这里可启用我们自己的登陆验证逻辑
        auth.authenticationProvider(userAuthenticationProvider);
    }
    /**
     * 配置security的控制逻辑
     * @Author Sans
     * @CreateTime 2019/10/1 16:56
     * @Param  http 请求
     */
    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.authorizeRequests()
                //不进行权限验证的请求或资源(从配置文件中读取)
               .antMatchers(JWTConfig.antMatchers.split(",")).permitAll()
                //其他的需要登陆后才能访问
                .anyRequest().authenticated()
                .and()
                //配置未登录自定义处理类
                .httpBasic().authenticationEntryPoint(userAuthenticationEntryPointHandler)
                .and()
                //配置登录地址
                .formLogin()
                .loginProcessingUrl("/login/userLogin")
                //配置登录成功自定义处理类
                .successHandler(userLoginSuccessHandler)
                //配置登录失败自定义处理类
                .failureHandler(userLoginFailureHandler)
                .and()
                //配置登出地址
                .logout()
                .logoutUrl("/login/userLogout")
                //配置用户登出自定义处理类
                .logoutSuccessHandler(userLogoutSuccessHandler)
                .and()
                //配置没有权限自定义处理类
                .exceptionHandling().accessDeniedHandler(userAuthAccessDeniedHandler)
                .and()
                // 取消跨站请求伪造防护
                .csrf().disable();
        // 基于Token不需要session
        http.sessionManagement().sessionCreationPolicy(SessionCreationPolicy.STATELESS);
        // 禁用缓存
        http.headers().cacheControl();
        // 添加JWT过滤器
        http.addFilter(new JWTAuthenticationTokenFilter(authenticationManager()));
    }
}

编写JWT拦截类

编写JWT接口请求校验拦截器

/**
 * JWT接口请求校验拦截器
 * 请求接口时会进入这里验证Token是否合法和过期
 */
@Slf4j
public class JWTAuthenticationTokenFilter extends BasicAuthenticationFilter {

    public JWTAuthenticationTokenFilter(AuthenticationManager authenticationManager) {
        super(authenticationManager);
}

    @Override
    protected void doFilterInternal(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, FilterChain filterChain) throws ServletException, IOException {
        // 获得TokenHeader
        String tokenHeader = request.getHeader(JWTConfig.tokenHeader);
        if (null!=tokenHeader && tokenHeader.startsWith(JWTConfig.tokenPrefix)) {
            try {
                // 获取请求头中JWT的Token
                if (!StringUtils.isEmpty(request.getHeader(JWTConfig.tokenHeader))) {
                    // 截取JWT前缀
                    String token = request.getHeader(JWTConfig.tokenHeader).replace(JWTConfig.tokenPrefix, "");
                    // 解析JWT
                    Claims claims = Jwts.parser()
                            .setSigningKey(JWTConfig.secret)
                            .parseClaimsJws(token)
                            .getBody();
                    // 获取用户名
                    String username = claims.getSubject();
                    String userId=claims.getId();
                    if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(username)&&!StringUtils.isEmpty(userId)) {
                        // 获取角色
                        List<GrantedAuthority> authorities = new ArrayList<>();
                        String authority = claims.get("authorities").toString();
                        if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(authority)){
                            List<Map<String,String>> authorityMap = JSONObject.parseObject(authority, List.class);
                            for(Map<String,String> role : authorityMap){
                                if(!StringUtils.isEmpty(role)) {
                                    authorities.add(new SimpleGrantedAuthority(role.get("authority")));
                                }
                            }
                        }
                        //组装参数
                        SelfUserEntity selfUserEntity = new SelfUserEntity();
                        selfUserEntity.setUsername(claims.getSubject());
                        selfUserEntity.setUserId(Long.parseLong(claims.getId()));
                        selfUserEntity.setAuthorities(authorities);
                        UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken authentication = new UsernamePasswordAuthenticationToken(selfUserEntity, userId, authorities);
                        SecurityContextHolder.getContext().setAuthentication(authentication);
                    }
                }
            } catch (ExpiredJwtException e){
                log.info("Token过期");
            } catch (Exception e) {
                log.info("Token无效");
            }
        }
        filterChain.doFilter(request, response);
        return;
    }
}

权限注解和hasPermission权限扩展

Security允许我们在定义URL方法访问所应有的注解权限时使用SpringEL表达式，在定义所需的访问权限时如果对应的表达式返回结果为true，则表示拥有对应的权限，反之则没有权限,会进入到我们配置的UserAuthAccessDeniedHandler(暂无权限处理类)中进行处理.这里举一些例子，代码中注释有对应的描述.

    /**
     * 管理端信息
     * @Return Map 返回数据MAP
     */
    @PreAuthorize("hasRole('ADMIN')")
    @RequestMapping(value = "/info",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public Map<String,Object> userLogin(){
        Map<String,Object> result = new HashMap<>();
        SelfUserEntity userDetails = SecurityUtil.getUserInfo();
        result.put("title","管理端信息");
        result.put("data",userDetails);
        return ResultUtil.resultSuccess(result);
    }
    /**
     * 拥有ADMIN或者USER角色可以访问
     * @Return Map 返回数据MAP
     */
    @PreAuthorize("hasAnyRole('ADMIN','USER')")
    @RequestMapping(value = "/list",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public Map<String,Object> list(){
        Map<String,Object> result = new HashMap<>();
        List<SysUserEntity> sysUserEntityList = sysUserService.list();
        result.put("title","拥有用户或者管理员角色都可以查看");
        result.put("data",sysUserEntityList);
        return ResultUtil.resultSuccess(result);
    }
    /**
     * 拥有ADMIN和USER角色可以访问
     * @Return Map 返回数据MAP
     */
    @PreAuthorize("hasRole('ADMIN') and hasRole('USER')")
    @RequestMapping(value = "/menuList",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public Map<String,Object> menuList(){
        Map<String,Object> result = new HashMap<>();
        List<SysMenuEntity> sysMenuEntityList = sysMenuService.list();
        result.put("title","拥有用户和管理员角色都可以查看");
        result.put("data",sysMenuEntityList);
        return ResultUtil.resultSuccess(result);
    }

通常情况下使用hasRole和hasAnyRole基本可以满足大部分鉴权需求，但是有时候面对更复杂的场景上述常规表示式无法完成权限认证，Security也为我们提供了解决方案。通过hasPermission()来扩展表达式，使用hasPermission()，首先要实现PermissionEvaluator接口

自定义权限注解验证

@Component
public class UserPermissionEvaluator implements PermissionEvaluator {
    @Autowired
    private SysUserService sysUserService;
    /**
     * hasPermission鉴权方法
     * 这里仅仅判断PreAuthorize注解中的权限表达式
     * 实际中可以根据业务需求设计数据库通过targetUrl和permission做更复杂鉴权
     * 当然targetUrl不一定是URL可以是数据Id还可以是管理员标识等,这里根据需求自行设计
     * @Param  authentication  用户身份(在使用hasPermission表达式时Authentication参数默认会自动带上)
     * @Param  targetUrl  请求路径
     * @Param  permission 请求路径权限
     * @Return boolean 是否通过
     */
    @Override
    public boolean hasPermission(Authentication authentication, Object targetUrl, Object permission) {
        // 获取用户信息
        SelfUserEntity selfUserEntity =(SelfUserEntity) authentication.getPrincipal();
        // 查询用户权限(这里可以将权限放入缓存中提升效率)
        Set<String> permissions = new HashSet<>();
        List<SysMenuEntity> sysMenuEntityList = sysUserService.selectSysMenuByUserId(selfUserEntity.getUserId());
        for (SysMenuEntity sysMenuEntity:sysMenuEntityList) {
            permissions.add(sysMenuEntity.getPermission());
        }
        // 权限对比
        if (permissions.contains(permission.toString())){
            return true;
        }
        return false;
    }
    @Override
    public boolean hasPermission(Authentication authentication, Serializable targetId, String targetType, Object permission) {
        return false;
    }
}

请求方法上添加hasPermission示例

    /**
     * 拥有sys:user:info权限可以访问
     * hasPermission 第一个参数是请求路径 第二个参数是权限表达式
     * @Return Map 返回数据MAP
     */
    @PreAuthorize("hasPermission('/admin/userList','sys:user:info')")
    @RequestMapping(value = "/userList",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public Map<String,Object> userList(){
        Map<String,Object> result = new HashMap<>();
        List<SysUserEntity> sysUserEntityList = sysUserService.list();
        result.put("title","拥有sys:user:info权限都可以查看");
        result.put("data",sysUserEntityList);
        return ResultUtil.resultSuccess(result);
    }

hasPermission可以也可以和其他表达式联合使用

    /**
     * 拥有ADMIN角色和sys:role:info权限可以访问
     * @Author Sans
     * @CreateTime 2019/10/2 14:22
     * @Return Map 返回数据MAP
     */
    @PreAuthorize("hasRole('ADMIN') and hasPermission('/admin/adminRoleList','sys:role:info')")
    @RequestMapping(value = "/adminRoleList",method = RequestMethod.GET)
    public Map<String,Object> adminRoleList(){
        Map<String,Object> result = new HashMap<>();
        List<SysRoleEntity> sysRoleEntityList = sysRoleService.list();
        result.put("title","拥有ADMIN角色和sys:role:info权限可以访问");
        result.put("data",sysRoleEntityList);
        return ResultUtil.resultSuccess(result);
    }

测试

创建账户这里用户加密使用了Security推荐的bCryptPasswordEncoder方法

注册用户操作

    @Test
    public void contextLoads() {
        // 注册用户
        SysUserEntity sysUserEntity = new SysUserEntity();
        sysUserEntity.setUsername("sans");
        sysUserEntity.setPassword(bCryptPasswordEncoder.encode("123456"));
        // 设置用户状态
        sysUserEntity.setStatus("NORMAL");
        sysUserService.save(sysUserEntity);
        // 分配角色 1:ADMIN 2:USER
        SysUserRoleEntity sysUserRoleEntity = new SysUserRoleEntity();
        sysUserRoleEntity.setRoleId(2L);
        sysUserRoleEntity.setUserId(sysUserEntity.getUserId());
        sysUserRoleService.save(sysUserRoleEntity);
    }

登录USER角色账号,登录成功后我们会获取到身份认证的Token。

登录用户操作

访问USER角色的接口，把上一步获取到的Token设置在Headers中，Key为Authorization,我们之前实现的JWTAuthenticationTokenFilter拦截器会根据请求头中的Authorization获取并解析Token。

查看用户操作

使用USER角色Token访问ADMIN角色的接口,会被拒绝,告知未授权(暂无权限会进入我们定义的UserAuthAccessDeniedHandler这个类进行处理)

更换ADMIN角色进行登录并访问ADMIN接口

查看用户操作

非主线篇

本文讲述一下如何自定义Spring Security的登录认证操作，目前大多数的项目都是基于前后端分离的，但是也有很多场景下也会存在后端模板技术，如何给出一个采用ajax的登录及返回的前后端分离方式并且兼容后端模板技术的功能代码。

AjaxAuthSuccessHandler

public class AjaxAuthSuccessHandler extends SimpleUrlAuthenticationSuccessHandler {
    @Override
    public void onAuthenticationSuccess(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, Authentication authentication) throws IOException, ServletException {
        response.setStatus(HttpServletResponse.SC_OK);
    }
}

AjaxAuthFailHandler

public class AjaxAuthFailHandler extends SimpleUrlAuthenticationFailureHandler {
    @Override
    public void onAuthenticationFailure(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException exception) throws IOException, ServletException {
        response.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_UNAUTHORIZED, "Authentication failed");
    }
}

ajax的异常处理

public class UnauthorizedEntryPoint implements AuthenticationEntryPoint {
    @Override
    public void commence(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response, AuthenticationException authException) throws IOException, ServletException {
        if(isAjaxRequest(request)){
           response.sendError(HttpServletResponse.SC_UNAUTHORIZED,authException.getMessage());
        }else{
            response.sendRedirect("/login.html");
        }

    }

    public static boolean isAjaxRequest(HttpServletRequest request) {
        String ajaxFlag = request.getHeader("X-Requested-With");
        return ajaxFlag != null && "XMLHttpRequest".equals(ajaxFlag);
    }
}

这里我们自定义成功及失败的ajax返回，当然这里我们简单处理，只返回statusCode

security配置

@Configuration
@EnableWebSecurity
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http
                .exceptionHandling().authenticationEntryPoint(new UnauthorizedEntryPoint())
                .and()
                .csrf().disable()
                .authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers("/login","/css/**", "/js/**","/fonts/**").permitAll()
                .anyRequest().authenticated()
                .and()
                .formLogin()
                .loginPage("/login.html")
                .loginProcessingUrl("/login")
                .usernameParameter("name")
                .passwordParameter("password")
                .successHandler(new AjaxAuthSuccessHandler())
                .failureHandler(new AjaxAuthFailHandler())
                .permitAll()
                .and()
                .logout()
                .logoutUrl("/logout")
                .permitAll();
    }

    @Autowired
    public void configureGlobal(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth
                .inMemoryAuthentication()
                .withUser("admin").password("admin").roles("USER");
    }
}

这里有几个要注意的点：

• permitAll：这里要添加前端资源路径，以及登陆表单请求的接口地址/login

• loginPage：这里设置登录页面的地址，这里我们用静态页面，即static目录下的login.html

• ajax配置：将authenticationEntryPoint，successHandler，failureHandler设置为上面自定义的ajax处理类

资料参考

https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000012140889

https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000010672041