C# MVC使用NPOI导入Excel文件
先封装一个读取Excel的方法，等获取到数据后调用：
///
/// 将excel中的数据导入到DataTable中
///
/// excel工作薄sheet的名称
/// 第一行是否是DataTable的列名
/// 返回的DataTable
public static DataTable ExcelToDataTable(string fileName, string sheetName, bool isFirstRowColumn)
{
ISheet sheet = null;
DataTable data = new DataTable();
int startRow = 0;
IWorkbook workbook = null;
try
{
using (FileStream fs = new FileStream(fileName, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read))
{
if (fileName.IndexOf(".xlsx") > 0) // 2007版本
workbook = new XSSFWorkbook(fs);
else if (fileName.IndexOf(".xls") > 0) // 2003版本
workbook = new HSSFWorkbook(fs);
if (sheetName != null)
{
sheet = workbook.GetSheet(sheetName);
if (sheet == null) //如果没有找到指定的sheetName对应的sheet，则尝试获取第一个sheet
{
sheet = workbook.GetSheetAt(0);
}
}
else
{
sheet = workbook.GetSheetAt(0);
}
if (sheet != null)
{
IRow firstRow = sheet.GetRow(0);
int cellCount = firstRow.LastCellNum; //一行最后一个cell的编号 即总的列数
if (isFirstRowColumn)
{
for (int i = firstRow.FirstCellNum; i < cellCount; ++i)
{
ICell cell = firstRow.GetCell(i);
if (cell != null)
{
string cellValue = cell.StringCellValue;
if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(cellValue))
{
DataColumn column = new DataColumn(cellValue);
data.Columns.Add(column);
}
}
}
startRow = sheet.FirstRowNum + 1;
}
else
{
startRow = sheet.FirstRowNum;
}
//最后一列的标号
int rowCount = sheet.LastRowNum;
for (int i = startRow; i <= rowCount; ++i)
{
IRow row = sheet.GetRow(i);
if (row == null) continue; //没有数据的行默认是null
DataRow dataRow = data.NewRow();
for (int j = row.FirstCellNum; j < cellCount; ++j)
{
if (row.GetCell(j) != null) //同理，没有数据的单元格都默认是null
dataRow[j] = row.GetCell(j).ToString();
}
data.Rows.Add(dataRow);
}
}
return data;
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine("Exception: " + ex.Message);
return null;
}
}
正文代码部分，首先是要定义一个模板，让用户按照模板，在模板里面新增数据，方便我们的代码来处理。
为了提高可读性，我这里的模板样式先上个效果图，方便你们理解：
由于里面有时间列，所以得让用户先设置该列为文本格式，方便我们处理。其他的不多说，上导出模板的代码：
///
/// 幼儿模板信息
///
/// 导入数据的模板是我们定义的，所以接下来就比较好处理了，我们可以直接读取列标题，来循环取数据，前面已经封装了读取数据的方法，直接调用就好，导入文件代码如下：
///
/// 导出幼儿信息
///
/// .Failed((int)ResultCode.Fail, "请选择需要导入的文件！"));
}
string filename = Path.GetFileName(file.FileName);
string ext = Path.GetExtension(filename).ToString().ToLower();
if (ext != ".xlsx" && ext != ".xls")
{
return Json(RongboResult.Failed((int)ResultCode.Fail, "只可以选择Excel文件！"));
}
//临时存放文件的位置
string savePath = _webEnv.ContentRootPath + "\\wwwroot\\UploadExcel\\" + DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMddHHmmss") + filename;
using (var fileStream = new FileStream(savePath, FileMode.Create))
{
file.CopyTo(fileStream);
}
try
{
//调用第一个方法，读取excel数据
var dt = UtilsHelper.ExcelToDataTable(savePath, null, true);
if (dt?.Rows.Count == 0)
{
return Json(RongboResult.Failed((int)ResultCode.Fail, "没有数据！"));
}
for (int i = 0; i < dt.Rows.Count; i++)
{
var Name = dt.Rows[i]["姓名"].ToString();
var Birthday = dt.Rows[i]["生日"].ToString();
var Sex = dt.Rows[i]["性别"].ToString().Trim() == "男" ? "1" : "2";
var Nation = dt.Rows[i]["民族"].ToString().Trim();
var IdCard = dt.Rows[i]["身份证号"].ToString().Trim();
var RegisteredResidence = dt.Rows[i]["户籍所在省"].ToString().Trim();
var PermanentAddress = dt.Rows[i]["详细户籍地址"].ToString().Trim();
var CurrentAddress = dt.Rows[i]["现居详细地址"].ToString();
var Guardian1 = dt.Rows[i]["监护人1"].ToString().Trim();
var Phone1 = dt.Rows[i]["手机号1"].ToString().Trim();
var Guardian2 = dt.Rows[i]["监护人2"].ToString();
var Phone2 = dt.Rows[i]["手机号2"].ToString().Trim();
var Part = dt.Rows[i]["所在级段"].ToString();
var Class = dt.Rows[i]["班级"].ToString().Trim();
//根据身份证号查询数据唯一性，bool类型的方法，这里你们自己去结合实际做校验就好
var CardOnly = _Child.IdCardOnly(IdCard, Name);
//结果为真，就是查到了数据，那么，就做修改，反之新增
if (CardOnly)
{
var page = _Child.ChildEdit(new ChildEntity
{
DistrictCode = UserInfo.DistrictCode,
SchoolId = UserInfo.SchoolId,
Year = SystemYear,
Name = Name,
Birthday = Convert.ToDateTime(Birthday),
Sex = int.Parse(Sex),
Nation = Nation,
IdCard = IdCard,
RegisteredResidence = RegisteredResidence,
PermanentAddress = PermanentAddress,
CurrentAddress = CurrentAddress,
Guardian1 = Guardian1,
Phone1 = Phone1,
Guardian2 = Guardian2,
Phone2 = Phone2,
Part = Part,
Class = Class,
UpdateUser = UserInfo.Guid,
UpdateTime = DateTime.Now
});
}
else
{
//插入数据
var page = _Child.ChildInsertEdit(new ChildEntity
{
DistrictCode = UserInfo.DistrictCode,
SchoolId = UserInfo.SchoolId,
Year = SystemYear,
Name = Name,
Birthday = Convert.ToDateTime(Birthday),
Sex = int.Parse(Sex),
Nation = Nation,
IdCard = IdCard,
RegisteredResidence = RegisteredResidence,
PermanentAddress = PermanentAddress,
CurrentAddress= CurrentAddress,
Guardian1 = Guardian1,
Phone1=Phone1,
Guardian2= Guardian2,
Phone2 = Phone2,
Part=Part,
Class=Class,
CreateUser = UserInfo.Guid,
CreateTime = DateTime.Now
});
}
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
return Json(RongboResult.Failed((int)ResultCode.Errer, $"导入失败，请检查数据！"));
}
finally
{
//删除文件
System.IO.File.Delete(savePath);
}
if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(errorStr))
{
return Json(RongboResult.Successed("", 1));
}
return Json(RongboResult.Failed(-1, errorStr));
}