【C语言】解决学校管理系统大作业之客房管理系统
目录
前言
题目要求
全部代码
函数的声明及类型的定义部分
主函数部分
函数的实现部分
实现步骤
定义常量
定义类型
客房类型
入住信息类型
客房信息列表类型
入住信息列表类型
对客房信息列表和入住信息列表初始化
在主函数定义入住信息列表变量和客房信息列表变量
定义入住信息列表扩容函数
定义入住信息列表初始化函数
定义客房信息列表扩容函数
定义客房信息列表初始化函数
实现选择功能
定义input变量
定义选项实现部分
菜单枚举类型的定义
显示菜单的实现
输入部分的实现
添加客房信息功能的实现
查找客房信息功能的实现
显示整个客房信息列表的实现
删除客房信息功能的实现
修改信息功能的实现
入住登记功能的实现
显示整个入住信息列表功能的实现
查找入住信息功能的实现（按身份证号查找）
退房登记功能的实现
退出功能的实现
保存入住信息列表的实现
前言
我们之前做了一版通讯录：
https://blog.csdn.net/ZHENGZJM/article/details/128568053?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501
https://blog.csdn.net/ZHENGZJM/article/details/128568053?spm=1001.2014.3001.5501
初步实现了增删查改，趁热打铁，再写个客房管理系统来练练手吧~
题目要求
全部代码
废话不多说，直接上代码。
函数的声明及类型的定义部分
#define _CRT_SECURE_NO_WARNINGS
//头文件
#include
#include
#include
#include
//常量定义
#define MAX_ROOM_NUMBER 100//最大房间号长度
#define MAX_ROOM_TELEPHONE_NUMBER 100//最大房间电话号码长度
#define MAX_TIME_ENTER 100//最大入住时间长度
#define MAX_ROOM_STATE 100//最大房间状态长度
#define Initial_space 100//信息列表初始大小
#define Increase_Capacity 2//每次扩容的大小
#define MAX_PERSON_ID 100 // 最大住户身份证号长度
//客房信息
typedef struct Room_Message
{
char room_number[MAX_ROOM_NUMBER];
char room_telephone_number[MAX_ROOM_TELEPHONE_NUMBER];
char room_state[MAX_ROOM_STATE];
double price;
}Room_Message;
//入住信息
typedef struct Hotel_Message
{
char Person_Id[MAX_PERSON_ID];
int Time_enter;
int Time_quit;
double fee;
}Hotel_Message;
//入住信息列表
typedef struct Hotel_List
{
Hotel_Message* hotel;
int sz;
int capacity;
}Hotel_List;
//客房信息列表
typedef struct Room_List
{
Room_Message* room;
int sz;
int capacity;
}Room_List;
//入住信息列表
//菜单枚举
enum OPTION
{
EXIT,
ADD,
SEEK,
MODIFY,
DEL,
DISPLAY_ROOM_LIST,
ROOM_ENTER,
DISPLAY_HOTEL_LIST,
SEEK_HOTEL_MESSAGE,
ROOM_QUIT
};
//修改菜单枚举
enum MODIFY_OPTION
{
EXIT1,
ROOM_NUMBER,
ROOM_TELEPHONE_NUMBER,
ROOM_STATE,
ROOM_PRICE
};
//声明初始化客房信息列表函数
void Initial_Room_List(Room_List* prl);
//声明扩容函数
void capacity_room_up(Room_List* prl);
//声明打印菜单函数
void printf_menu();
//声明房间信息添加函数
void Add_room_message(Room_List* prl);
//声明查找房间信息函数
void Seek_room_message(Room_List* prl);
//声明删除房间信息函数
void Del_room_message(Room_List* prl);
//声明修改房间信息函数
void Modify_room_message(Room_List* prl);
//声明修改菜单函数
void menu_modify();
//声明显示房间信息列表函数
void Display_room_list(Room_List* prl);
//声明房间信息列表保存函数
void room_list_save(Room_List* prl);
//声明入住登记函数
void Room_enter(Room_List* prl, Hotel_List* phl);
//声明入住信息列表扩容函数
void capacity_hotel_up(Hotel_List* phl);
//声明入住信息列表初始化函数
void Initial_Hotel_List(Hotel_List* phl);
//声明显示住房信息列表函数
void Display_hotel_list(Room_List* prl, Hotel_List* phl);
//声明查找住房信息函数
void seek_hotel_message(Room_List* prl, Hotel_List* phl);
//声明入住信息列表保存函数
void hotel_list_save(Hotel_List* phl);
//声明退房函数
void Room_quit(Room_List* prl, Hotel_List* phl);
//声明支付费用计算函数
int fee_calculation(int time_enter, int time_quit);
主函数部分
#include"hotel.h"
int main()
{
//定义部分
Room_List room_list;
Hotel_List hotel_list;
int input = 0;
//初始化部分
Initial_Room_List(&room_list);
setbuf(stdin, NULL);//清空缓冲区，要不然缓冲区会溢出
Initial_Hotel_List(&hotel_list);
setbuf(stdin, NULL);
//选项实现部分
do
{
printf_menu();
printf("请选择\n");
scanf("%d", &input);
switch (input)
{
case ADD:
system("cls");
Add_room_message(&room_list);
break;
case SEEK:
system("cls");
Seek_room_message(&room_list);
break;
case DEL:
system("cls");
Display_room_list(&room_list);
Del_room_message(&room_list);
break;
case MODIFY:
system("cls");
Modify_room_message(&room_list);
break;
case DISPLAY_ROOM_LIST:
system("cls");
Display_room_list(&room_list);
break;
case ROOM_ENTER:
system("cls");
Room_enter(&room_list,&hotel_list);
break;
case DISPLAY_HOTEL_LIST:
system("cls");
Display_hotel_list(&room_list, &hotel_list);
break;
case SEEK_HOTEL_MESSAGE:
system("cls");
seek_hotel_message(&room_list, &hotel_list);
break;
case ROOM_QUIT:
system("cls");
Room_quit(&room_list, &hotel_list);
break;
case EXIT:
system("cls");
room_list_save(&room_list);
hotel_list_save(&hotel_list);
printf("退出成功\n");
break;
default:
system("cls");
printf("请输入正确的选项\n");
break;
}
} while (input);
return 0;
}函数的实现部分
#include"hotel.h"
//房间信息列表初始化函数的定义
void Initial_Room_List(Room_List* prl)
{
prl->room =(Room_Message*)malloc(sizeof(Room_Message) * Initial_space);
if (prl->room == NULL)
{
printf("信息列表初始空间开辟失败\n");
return;
}
else
{
prl->capacity = Initial_space;
prl->sz = 0;
}
FILE* fprl = fopen("room_message.txt", "r");
Room_Message tmp;
if (fprl == NULL)
{
perror("fopen");
return;
}
else
{
while (fread(&tmp, sizeof(Room_Message), 1, fprl))
{
if (&tmp == NULL)
{
perror("fread");
}
else
{
capacity_room_up(prl);
prl->room[prl->sz] = tmp;
prl->sz++;
}
}
}
fclose(fprl);
fprl = NULL;
}
//入住信息列表初始化函数
void Initial_Hotel_List(Hotel_List* phl)
{
phl->hotel = (Hotel_Message*)malloc(sizeof(Hotel_Message*) * Initial_space);
if (phl->hotel == NULL)
{
printf("信息列表初始空间开辟失败\n");
return;
}
else
{
phl->capacity = Initial_space;
phl->sz = 0;
}
FILE* fphl = fopen("hotel_message.txt", "r");
Hotel_Message tmp;
if (fphl == NULL)
{
perror("fopen");
return;
}
else
{
while (fread(&tmp, sizeof(Hotel_Message), 1, fphl))
{
if (&tmp == NULL)
{
perror("fread");
}
else
{
capacity_hotel_up(phl);
phl->hotel[phl->sz] = tmp;
phl->sz++;
}
}
}
fclose(fphl);
fphl = NULL;
}
//房间列表扩容函数的定义
void capacity_room_up(Room_List* prl)
{
Room_Message* tmp;
if (prl->sz == prl->capacity)
{
tmp=(Room_Message*)realloc(prl->room, sizeof(Room_Message) * (Increase_Capacity + prl->capacity));
if (tmp == NULL)
{
perror("realloc\n");
return;
}
else
{
printf("扩容成功\n");
prl->room = tmp;
prl->capacity = Increase_Capacity+prl->capacity;
}
}
}
//定义入住信息列表扩容函数
void capacity_hotel_up(Hotel_List* phl)
{
Hotel_Message* tmp;
if (phl->sz == phl->capacity)
{
tmp = (Hotel_Message*)realloc(phl->hotel, sizeof(Hotel_Message) * (Increase_Capacity + phl->capacity));
if (tmp == NULL)
{
perror("realloc\n");
return;
}
else
{
printf("扩容成功\n");
phl->hotel = tmp;
phl->capacity = Increase_Capacity + phl->capacity;
}
}
}
//菜单
void printf_menu()
{
printf("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n");
printf("-------------------------------\n");
printf("======= 1.增加房间信息 =======\n");
printf("======= 2.查找房间信息 =======\n");
printf("======= 3.修改房间信息 =======\n");
printf("======= 4.删除房间信息 =======\n");
printf("======= 5.显示房间列表 =======\n");
printf("======= 6.入住信息登记 =======\n");
printf("======= 7.显示入住信息列表 ====\n");
printf("======= 8.查询入住信息 =======\n");
printf("======= 9.退房信息登记 =======\n");
printf("======= 0.退出 =======\n");
printf("-------------------------------\n");
printf("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n");
}
//定义入住登记函数
void Room_enter(Room_List* prl, Hotel_List* phl);
//定义房间信息添加函数
void Add_room_message(Room_List* prl)
{
//判断是否需要扩容
capacity_room_up(prl);
//添加部分
printf("请输入需要添加的房间号\n");
scanf("%s", prl->room[prl->sz].room_number);
printf("请输入需要需要添加的房间电话号码\n");
scanf("%s", prl->room[prl->sz].room_telephone_number);
printf("请输入需要添加的房间状态\n");
scanf("%s", prl->room[prl->sz].room_state);
printf("请输入需要添加的房间价格\n");
scanf("%lf", &prl->room[prl->sz].price);
//反馈
printf("添加成功！\n");
prl->sz++;
}
//定义查找房间函数
void Seek_room_message(Room_List* prl)
{
char tmp[MAX_ROOM_NUMBER] = { 0 };
int i = 0;
int flag = 0;
printf("请输入要查找的房间号\n");
scanf("%s", tmp);
for (i = 0; i < prl->sz; i++)
{
if (!strcmp(tmp, prl->room[i].room_number))
{
flag = 1;
printf("%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\n",
"房间名",
"房间电话号码",
"房间状态",
"房间价格");
printf("%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30lf\n",
prl->room[i].room_number,
prl->room[i].room_telephone_number,
prl->room[i].room_state,
prl->room[i].price);
return;
}
}
if (flag != 1)
{
printf("找不到\n");
return;
}
}
//定义删除房间信息函数
void Del_room_message(Room_List* prl)
{
char tmp[MAX_ROOM_NUMBER] = { 0 };
int i = 0;
int flag = 0;
if (0 == prl->sz)
{
printf("当前房间信息列表为空，无法执行删除操作\n");
}
else
{
printf("请输入要删除的房间号\n");
scanf("%s", tmp);
for (i = 0; i < prl->sz; i++)
{
if (!strcmp(tmp, prl->room[i].room_number))
{
flag = 1;
memmove(&prl->room[i],&prl->room[i+1],(prl->sz-i+1)*sizeof(Room_Message));
prl->sz--;
printf("删除成功\n");
return;
}
}
if (flag != 1)
{
printf("找不到，无法删除\n");
return;
}
}
}
//定义修改房间信息函数
void Modify_room_message(Room_List* prl)
{
char tmp[MAX_ROOM_NUMBER] = { 0 };
int i = 0;
int flag = 0;
printf("请输入要修改的房间号\n");
scanf("%s", tmp);
for (i = 0; i < prl->sz; i++)
{
if (!strcmp(tmp, prl->room[i].room_number))
{
flag = 1;
int option = 0;
menu_modify();
printf("请选择要修改的选项\n");
scanf("%d", &option);
switch (option)
{
case ROOM_NUMBER:
printf("请输入新修改的房间号\n");
scanf("%s", prl->room[i].room_number);
printf("修改成功\n");
break;
case ROOM_TELEPHONE_NUMBER:
printf("请输入新修改的房间电话号码\n");
scanf("%s", prl->room[i].room_telephone_number);
printf("修改成功\n");
break;
case ROOM_STATE:
printf("请输入新修改的房间状态\n");
scanf("%s", prl->room[i].room_state);
printf("修改成功\n");
break;
case ROOM_PRICE:
printf("请输入新修改的房间价格\n");
scanf("%lf", &prl->room[i].price);
printf("修改成功\n");
break;
case EXIT1:
printf("退出修改\n");
default:
printf("请输入正确的选项\n");
break;
}
return;
}
}
if (flag != 1)
{
printf("找不到，无法修改\n");
return;
}
}
//定义修改菜单函数
void menu_modify()
{
printf("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n");
printf("-------------------------------\n");
printf("======= 1.修改房间号 =======\n");
printf("======= 2.修改房间电话号码=====\n");
printf("======= 3.修改房间状态 =======\n");
printf("======= 4.修改房间价格 =======\n");
printf("======= 0.退出 =======\n");
printf("-------------------------------\n");
printf("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n");
}
//定义显示房间信息列表函数
void Display_room_list(Room_List* prl)
{
int i = 0;
printf("%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\n",
"房间名",
"房间电话号码",
"房间状态",
"房间价格");
for (i = 0; i < prl->sz; i++)
{
printf("%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30lf\n",
prl->room[i].room_number,
prl->room[i].room_telephone_number,
prl->room[i].room_state,
prl->room[i].price);
}
}
//定义显示住房信息列表函数
void Display_hotel_list(Room_List* prl, Hotel_List* phl)
{
int i = 0;
printf("%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\n",
"房间名",
"房间电话号码",
"房间状态",
"房间价格",
"入住时间",
"退房时间",
"住户身份证号");
for (i = 0; i < phl->sz; i++)
{
printf("%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30lf\t%-30d\t%-30d\t%-30s\n",
prl->room[i].room_number,
prl->room[i].room_telephone_number,
prl->room[i].room_state,
prl->room[i].price,
phl->hotel[i].Time_enter,
phl->hotel[i].Time_quit,
phl->hotel[i].Person_Id);
}
}
//房间信息列表保存函数
void room_list_save(Room_List* prl)
{
int i = 0;
FILE* fprl = fopen("room_message.txt", "w");
if (fprl == NULL)
{
perror("fopen");
return;
}
else
{
for (i = 0; i < prl->sz; i++)
{
fwrite(&prl->room[i],sizeof(Room_Message),1,fprl);
}
printf("保存成功\n");
}
fclose(fprl);
fprl = NULL;
prl->sz = 0;
prl->capacity = 0;
prl->room = NULL;
free(prl->room);
}
//入住信息列表保存函数
void hotel_list_save(Hotel_List* phl)
{
int i = 0;
FILE* fprl = fopen("hotel_message.txt", "w");
if (fprl == NULL)
{
perror("fopen");
return;
}
else
{
for (i = 0; i < phl->sz; i++)
{
fwrite(&phl->hotel[i], sizeof(Hotel_Message), 1, fprl);
}
printf("保存成功\n");
}
fclose(fprl);
fprl = NULL;
phl->sz = 0;
phl->capacity = 0;
phl->hotel = NULL;
free(phl->hotel);
}
//定义入住登记函数
void Room_enter(Room_List* prl, Hotel_List* phl)
{
char tmp[MAX_ROOM_NUMBER] = { 0 };
int i = 0;
int flag = 0;
Display_room_list(prl);
printf("请输入入住的房间号\n");
scanf("%s", tmp);
for (i = 0; i < prl->sz; i++)
{
if (!strcmp(tmp, prl->room[i].room_number))
{
printf("请输入入住人身份证号\n");
scanf("%s", phl->hotel[i].Person_Id);
printf("请输入入住时间（输入样例20220101，一定要不能留空格）\n");
scanf("%d", &phl->hotel[i].Time_enter);
printf("请将退房时间设置为0\n");
scanf("%d", &phl->hotel[i].Time_quit);
printf("请将支付费用设置为0\n");
scanf("%lf", &phl->hotel[i].fee);
printf("请将房间状态改为有人\n");
scanf("%s", prl->room[i].room_state);
phl->sz++;
return;
}
}
if (flag != 1)
{
printf("找不到，无法修改\n");
return;
}
}
//查找住房信息函数
void seek_hotel_message(Room_List* prl, Hotel_List* phl)
{
char tmp[MAX_PERSON_ID] = { 0 };
int i = 0;
int flag = 0;
printf("请输入住户的身份证号\n");
scanf("%s", tmp);
for (i = 0; i < phl->sz; i++)
{
if (!strcmp(tmp, phl->hotel[i].Person_Id))
{
flag = 1;
printf("%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\n",
"房间名",
"房间电话号码",
"房间状态",
"房间价格",
"入住时间",
"退房时间",
"住户身份证号");
printf("%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30lf\t%-30d\t%-30d\t%-30s\n",
prl->room[i].room_number,
prl->room[i].room_telephone_number,
prl->room[i].room_state,
prl->room[i].price,
phl->hotel[i].Time_enter,
phl->hotel[i].Time_quit,
phl->hotel[i].Person_Id);
return;
}
}
if (flag != 1)
{
printf("找不到\n");
return;
}
}
//退房登记系统
void Room_quit(Room_List* prl, Hotel_List* phl)
{
char tmp[MAX_ROOM_NUMBER] = { 0 };
int i = 0;
int flag = 0;
Display_room_list(prl);
printf("请输入退房的房间号\n");
scanf("%s", tmp);
for (i = 0; i < prl->sz; i++)
{
if (!strcmp(tmp, prl->room[i].room_number))
{
printf("请输入退房时间（输入样例20220101，一定要不能留空格）\n");
scanf("%d", &phl->hotel[i].Time_quit);
printf("需支付的费用为:%lf", (prl->room[i].price) * fee_calculation(phl->hotel[i].Time_enter,phl->hotel[i].Time_quit));
printf("请输入屏幕上显示的支付费用\n");
scanf("%lf", &phl->hotel[i].fee);
printf("请输入空房间\n");
scanf("%s", prl->room[i].room_state);
return;
}
}
}
//定义支付费用计算函数
int fee_calculation(int time_enter, int time_quit)
{
int day_e = 0;//今年已经过去天数
int day_q = 0;
int days = 0;//距离今年结束剩余天数
int year_enter = time_enter / 10000;
int month_enter = (time_enter / 100) % 100;
int day_enter = time_enter % 100;
int year_quit = time_quit / 10000;
int month_quit = (time_quit / 100) % 100;
int day_quit = time_quit % 100;
if (year_enter == year_quit)
{
if ((year_quit % 4 == 0 && year_quit % 100 != 0) || (year_quit) % 400 == 0)
{
switch (month_quit)
{
case 1:
day_q = 0;
break;
case 2:
day_q = 31;
break;
case 3:
day_q = 60;
break;
case 4:
day_q = 91;
break;
case 5:
day_q = 121;
break;
case 6:
day_q = 152;
break;
case 7:
day_q = 182;
break;
case 8:
day_q = 213;
break;
case 9:
day_q = 244;
break;
case 10:
day_q = 274;
break;
case 11:
day_q = 305;
break;
case 12:
day_q = 335;
break;
default:
printf("请输入正确的月份\n");
return 0;
}
day_q += day_quit;
}
else
{
switch (month_quit)
{
case 1:
day_q = 0;
break;
case 2:
day_q = 31;
break;
case 3:
day_q = 59;
break;
case 4:
day_q = 90;
break;
case 5:
day_q = 120;
break;
case 6:
day_q = 151;
break;
case 7:
day_q = 181;
break;
case 8:
day_q = 212;
break;
case 9:
day_q = 243;
break;
case 10:
day_q = 273;
break;
case 11:
day_q = 304;
break;
case 12:
day_q = 334;
break;
default:
printf("请输入正确的月份\n");
return 0;
}
day_q += day_quit;
}
if ((year_enter % 4 == 0 && year_enter % 100 != 0) || (year_enter) % 400 == 0)
{
switch (month_enter)
{
case 1:
day_e = 0;
break;
case 2:
day_e = 31;
break;
case 3:
day_e = 60;
break;
case 4:
day_e = 91;
break;
case 5:
day_e = 121;
break;
case 6:
day_e = 152;
break;
case 7:
day_e = 182;
break;
case 8:
day_e = 213;
break;
case 9:
day_e = 244;
break;
case 10:
day_e = 274;
break;
case 11:
day_e = 305;
break;
case 12:
day_e = 335;
break;
default:
printf("请输入正确的月份\n");
return 0;
}
day_e += day_enter;
}
else
{
switch (month_enter)
{
case 1:
day_e = 0;
break;
case 2:
day_e = 31;
break;
case 3:
day_e = 59;
break;
case 4:
day_e = 90;
break;
case 5:
day_e = 120;
break;
case 6:
day_e = 151;
break;
case 7:
day_e = 181;
break;
case 8:
day_e = 212;
break;
case 9:
day_e = 243;
break;
case 10:
day_e = 273;
break;
case 11:
day_e = 304;
break;
case 12:
day_e = 334;
break;
default:
printf("请输入正确的月份\n");
return 0;
}
day_e += day_enter;
}
return day_q - day_e;
}
else
{
//计算在入住日期这一年中，还剩下多少天
if ((year_enter % 4 == 0 && year_enter % 100 != 0) || (year_enter) % 400 == 0)
{
switch (month_enter)
{
case 1:
day_e = 0;
break;
case 2:
day_e = 31;
break;
case 3:
day_e = 60;
break;
case 4:
day_e = 91;
break;
case 5:
day_e = 121;
break;
case 6:
day_e = 152;
break;
case 7:
day_e = 182;
break;
case 8:
day_e = 213;
break;
case 9:
day_e = 244;
break;
case 10:
day_e = 274;
break;
case 11:
day_e = 305;
break;
case 12:
day_e = 335;
break;
default:
printf("请输入正确的月份\n");
return 0;
}
day_e += day_enter;
days = 366 - day_e;
}
else
{
switch (month_enter)
{
case 1:
day_e = 0;
break;
case 2:
day_e = 31;
break;
case 3:
day_e = 59;
break;
case 4:
day_e = 90;
break;
case 5:
day_e = 120;
break;
case 6:
day_e = 151;
break;
case 7:
day_e = 181;
break;
case 8:
day_e = 212;
break;
case 9:
day_e = 243;
break;
case 10:
day_e = 273;
break;
case 11:
day_e = 304;
break;
case 12:
day_e = 334;
break;
default:
printf("请输入正确的月份\n");
return 0;
}
day_e += day_enter;
days = 365 - day_e;
}
//计算在退房时间这一年中，经过了多少天
if ((year_quit % 4 == 0 && year_quit % 100 != 0) || (year_quit) % 400 == 0)
{
switch (month_quit)
{
case 1:
day_q = 0;
break;
case 2:
day_q = 31;
break;
case 3:
day_q = 60;
break;
case 4:
day_q = 91;
break;
case 5:
day_q = 121;
break;
case 6:
day_q = 152;
break;
case 7:
day_q = 182;
break;
case 8:
day_q = 213;
break;
case 9:
day_q = 244;
break;
case 10:
day_q = 274;
break;
case 11:
day_q = 305;
break;
case 12:
day_q = 335;
break;
default:
printf("请输入正确的月份\n");
return 0;
}
day_q += day_quit;
}
else
{
switch (month_quit)
{
case 1:
day_q = 0;
break;
case 2:
day_q = 31;
break;
case 3:
day_q = 59;
break;
case 4:
day_q = 90;
break;
case 5:
day_q = 120;
break;
case 6:
day_q = 151;
break;
case 7:
day_q = 181;
break;
case 8:
day_q = 212;
break;
case 9:
day_q = 243;
break;
case 10:
day_q = 273;
break;
case 11:
day_q = 304;
break;
case 12:
day_q = 334;
break;
default:
printf("请输入正确的月份\n");
return 0;
}
day_q += day_quit;
}
//返回两个日期中间隔得天数
return day_q + days;
}
}实现步骤
定义常量
为了方便后期的修改，我们将要用的且用时不会改变的值定义为常量
//常量定义
#define MAX_ROOM_NUMBER 100//最大房间号长度
#define MAX_ROOM_TELEPHONE_NUMBER 100//最大房间电话号码长度
#define MAX_TIME_ENTER 100//最大入住时间长度
#define MAX_ROOM_STATE 100//最大房间状态长度
#define Initial_space 100//信息列表初始大小
#define Increase_Capacity 2//每次扩容的大小
#define MAX_PERSON_ID 100 // 最大住户身份证号长度
定义类型
由题意可知，我们需要两种结构体类型——客房类型、入住信息类型。
客房类型
内容分别是房间号、房间电话号码、房间状态、房间价格。
为了方便使用，我们重命名为Room_Message
//客房信息
typedef struct Room_Message
{
char room_number[MAX_ROOM_NUMBER];
char room_telephone_number[MAX_ROOM_TELEPHONE_NUMBER];
char room_state[MAX_ROOM_STATE];
double price;
}Room_Message;
入住信息类型
内容分别是住户身份证号、入住时间、退房时间、需要支付的费用
为了方便使用，我们重命名为Hotel_Message。
//入住信息
typedef struct Hotel_Message
{
char Person_Id[MAX_PERSON_ID];
int Time_enter;
int Time_quit;
double fee;
}Hotel_Message;
客房信息列表类型
内容分别是客房信息成员，列表成员个数，列表容量
//客房信息列表
typedef struct Room_List
{
Room_Message* room;
int sz;
int capacity;
}Room_List;
入住信息列表类型
内容分别是入住信息成员，列表成员个数，列表容量。
//入住信息列表
typedef struct Hotel_List
{
Hotel_Message* hotel;
int sz;
int capacity;
}Hotel_List;
对客房信息列表和入住信息列表初始化
创建完类型之后，我们需要对所创建的类型成员初始化，来让它们发挥作用。
在主函数定义入住信息列表变量和客房信息列表变量
Room_List room_list;
Hotel_List hotel_list;
定义入住信息列表扩容函数
由于入住信息成员的存放空间是动态开辟的，并且是由入住信息指针来进行维护的，我们要关注到容量的问题。
//定义入住信息列表扩容函数
void capacity_hotel_up(Hotel_List* phl)
{
Hotel_Message* tmp;
if (phl->sz == phl->capacity)
{
tmp = (Hotel_Message*)realloc(phl->hotel, sizeof(Hotel_Message) * (Increase_Capacity + phl->capacity));
if (tmp == NULL)
{
perror("realloc\n");
return;
}
else
{
printf("扩容成功\n");
phl->hotel = tmp;
phl->capacity = Increase_Capacity + phl->capacity;
}
}
}
定义入住信息列表初始化函数
先动态开辟空间，用来存放入住信息成员，打开入住信息列表文件，为以后从文件中读取信息做准备，开始往phl->hotel所维护的空间读内容，读之前先检查是否需要扩容，最后关闭文件，重置文件指针。
//入住信息列表初始化函数
void Initial_Hotel_List(Hotel_List* phl)
{
phl->hotel = (Hotel_Message*)malloc(sizeof(Hotel_Message*) * Initial_space);
if (phl->hotel == NULL)
{
printf("信息列表初始空间开辟失败\n");
return;
}
else
{
phl->capacity = Initial_space;
phl->sz = 0;
}
FILE* fphl = fopen("hotel_message.txt", "r");
Hotel_Message tmp;
if (fphl == NULL)
{
perror("fopen");
return;
}
else
{
while (fread(&tmp, sizeof(Hotel_Message), 1, fphl))
{
if (&tmp == NULL)
{
perror("fread");
}
else
{
capacity_hotel_up(phl);
phl->hotel[phl->sz] = tmp;
phl->sz++;
}
}
}
fclose(fphl);
fphl = NULL;
}
定义客房信息列表扩容函数
由于客房信息成员的存放空间是动态开辟的，并且是由客房信息指针来进行维护的，我们要关注到容量的问题。
//房间列表扩容函数的定义
void capacity_room_up(Room_List* prl)
{
Room_Message* tmp;
if (prl->sz == prl->capacity)
{
tmp=(Room_Message*)realloc(prl->room, sizeof(Room_Message) * (Increase_Capacity + prl->capacity));
if (tmp == NULL)
{
perror("realloc\n");
return;
}
else
{
printf("扩容成功\n");
prl->room = tmp;
prl->capacity = Increase_Capacity+prl->capacity;
}
}
}
定义客房信息列表初始化函数
先动态开辟空间，用来存放客房信息成员，打开客房信息列表文件，为以后从文件中读取信息做准备，开始往prl->room所维护的空间读内容，读之前先检查是否需要扩容，最后关闭文件，重置文件指针。
//房间信息列表初始化函数的定义
void Initial_Room_List(Room_List* prl)
{
prl->room =(Room_Message*)malloc(sizeof(Room_Message) * Initial_space);
if (prl->room == NULL)
{
printf("信息列表初始空间开辟失败\n");
return;
}
else
{
prl->capacity = Initial_space;
prl->sz = 0;
}
FILE* fprl = fopen("room_message.txt", "r");
Room_Message tmp;
if (fprl == NULL)
{
perror("fopen");
return;
}
else
{
while (fread(&tmp, sizeof(Room_Message), 1, fprl))
{
if (&tmp == NULL)
{
perror("fread");
}
else
{
capacity_room_up(prl);
prl->room[prl->sz] = tmp;
prl->sz++;
}
}
}
fclose(fprl);
fprl = NULL;
}
实现选择功能
定义input变量
利用这个变量来接受用户的选择
int input = 0;
定义选项实现部分
//选项实现部分
do
{
printf_menu();
printf("请选择\n");
scanf("%d", &input);
switch (input)
{
case ADD:
system("cls");
Add_room_message(&room_list);
break;
case SEEK:
system("cls");
Seek_room_message(&room_list);
break;
case DEL:
system("cls");
Display_room_list(&room_list);
Del_room_message(&room_list);
break;
case MODIFY:
system("cls");
Modify_room_message(&room_list);
break;
case DISPLAY_ROOM_LIST:
system("cls");
Display_room_list(&room_list);
break;
case ROOM_ENTER:
system("cls");
Room_enter(&room_list,&hotel_list);
break;
case DISPLAY_HOTEL_LIST:
system("cls");
Display_hotel_list(&room_list, &hotel_list);
break;
case SEEK_HOTEL_MESSAGE:
system("cls");
seek_hotel_message(&room_list, &hotel_list);
break;
case ROOM_QUIT:
system("cls");
Room_quit(&room_list, &hotel_list);
break;
case EXIT:
system("cls");
room_list_save(&room_list);
hotel_list_save(&hotel_list);
printf("退出成功\n");
break;
default:
system("cls");
printf("请输入正确的选项\n");
break;
}
} while (input);
菜单枚举类型的定义
为了方便使用switch语句，同时增加代码的可读性，我们将数字换成了枚举成员
//菜单枚举
enum OPTION
{
EXIT,
ADD,
SEEK,
MODIFY,
DEL,
DISPLAY_ROOM_LIST,
ROOM_ENTER,
DISPLAY_HOTEL_LIST,
SEEK_HOTEL_MESSAGE,
ROOM_QUIT
};
显示菜单的实现
//菜单
void printf_menu()
{
printf("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n");
printf("-------------------------------\n");
printf("======= 1.增加房间信息 =======\n");
printf("======= 2.查找房间信息 =======\n");
printf("======= 3.修改房间信息 =======\n");
printf("======= 4.删除房间信息 =======\n");
printf("======= 5.显示房间列表 =======\n");
printf("======= 6.入住信息登记 =======\n");
printf("======= 7.显示入住信息列表 ====\n");
printf("======= 8.查询入住信息 =======\n");
printf("======= 9.退房信息登记 =======\n");
printf("======= 0.退出 =======\n");
printf("-------------------------------\n");
printf("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n");
}
输入部分的实现
printf("请选择\n");
scanf("%d", &input);
添加客房信息功能的实现
//定义房间信息添加函数
void Add_room_message(Room_List* prl)
{
//判断是否需要扩容
capacity_room_up(prl);
//添加部分
printf("请输入需要添加的房间号\n");
scanf("%s", prl->room[prl->sz].room_number);
printf("请输入需要需要添加的房间电话号码\n");
scanf("%s", prl->room[prl->sz].room_telephone_number);
printf("请输入需要添加的房间状态\n");
scanf("%s", prl->room[prl->sz].room_state);
printf("请输入需要添加的房间价格\n");
scanf("%lf", &prl->room[prl->sz].price);
//反馈
printf("添加成功！\n");
prl->sz++;
}
查找客房信息功能的实现
//定义查找房间函数
void Seek_room_message(Room_List* prl)
{
char tmp[MAX_ROOM_NUMBER] = { 0 };
int i = 0;
int flag = 0;
printf("请输入要查找的房间号\n");
scanf("%s", tmp);
for (i = 0; i < prl->sz; i++)
{
if (!strcmp(tmp, prl->room[i].room_number))
{
flag = 1;
printf("%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\n",
"房间名",
"房间电话号码",
"房间状态",
"房间价格");
printf("%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30lf\n",
prl->room[i].room_number,
prl->room[i].room_telephone_number,
prl->room[i].room_state,
prl->room[i].price);
return;
}
}
if (flag != 1)
{
printf("找不到\n");
return;
}
}
显示整个客房信息列表的实现
//定义显示房间信息列表函数
void Display_room_list(Room_List* prl)
{
int i = 0;
printf("%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\n",
"房间名",
"房间电话号码",
"房间状态",
"房间价格");
for (i = 0; i < prl->sz; i++)
{
printf("%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30lf\n",
prl->room[i].room_number,
prl->room[i].room_telephone_number,
prl->room[i].room_state,
prl->room[i].price);
}
}
删除客房信息功能的实现
先显示整个客房信息列表，然后再进行删除操作
case DEL:
system("cls");
Display_room_list(&room_list);
Del_room_message(&room_list);
break;
删除操作的实现
利用memmove来实现删除的操作
//定义删除房间信息函数
void Del_room_message(Room_List* prl)
{
char tmp[MAX_ROOM_NUMBER] = { 0 };
int i = 0;
int flag = 0;
if (0 == prl->sz)
{
printf("当前房间信息列表为空，无法执行删除操作\n");
}
else
{
printf("请输入要删除的房间号\n");
scanf("%s", tmp);
for (i = 0; i < prl->sz; i++)
{
if (!strcmp(tmp, prl->room[i].room_number))
{
flag = 1;
memmove(&prl->room[i],&prl->room[i+1],(prl->sz-i+1)*sizeof(Room_Message));
prl->sz--;
printf("删除成功\n");
return;
}
}
if (flag != 1)
{
printf("找不到，无法删除\n");
return;
}
}
}
修改信息功能的实现
先显示整个客房信息列表，再进行修改操作
case MODIFY:
system("cls");
Display_room_list(&room_list);
Modify_room_message(&room_list);
修改菜单的实现
//定义修改菜单函数
void menu_modify()
{
printf("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n");
printf("-------------------------------\n");
printf("======= 1.修改房间号 =======\n");
printf("======= 2.修改房间电话号码=====\n");
printf("======= 3.修改房间状态 =======\n");
printf("======= 4.修改房间价格 =======\n");
printf("======= 0.退出 =======\n");
printf("-------------------------------\n");
printf("+++++++++++++++++++++++++++++++\n");
}
修改操作的实现
//定义修改房间信息函数
void Modify_room_message(Room_List* prl)
{
char tmp[MAX_ROOM_NUMBER] = { 0 };
int i = 0;
int flag = 0;
printf("请输入要修改的房间号\n");
scanf("%s", tmp);
for (i = 0; i < prl->sz; i++)
{
if (!strcmp(tmp, prl->room[i].room_number))
{
flag = 1;
int option = 0;
menu_modify();
printf("请选择要修改的选项\n");
scanf("%d", &option);
switch (option)
{
case ROOM_NUMBER:
printf("请输入新修改的房间号\n");
scanf("%s", prl->room[i].room_number);
printf("修改成功\n");
break;
case ROOM_TELEPHONE_NUMBER:
printf("请输入新修改的房间电话号码\n");
scanf("%s", prl->room[i].room_telephone_number);
printf("修改成功\n");
break;
case ROOM_STATE:
printf("请输入新修改的房间状态\n");
scanf("%s", prl->room[i].room_state);
printf("修改成功\n");
break;
case ROOM_PRICE:
printf("请输入新修改的房间价格\n");
scanf("%lf", &prl->room[i].price);
printf("修改成功\n");
break;
case EXIT1:
printf("退出修改\n");
default:
printf("请输入正确的选项\n");
break;
}
return;
}
}
if (flag != 1)
{
printf("找不到，无法修改\n");
return;
}
}
入住登记功能的实现
先显示整个客房信息列表，再进行登记操作，将退房时间、支付费用通通初始化成0，防止乱码。
//定义入住登记函数
void Room_enter(Room_List* prl, Hotel_List* phl)
{
char tmp[MAX_ROOM_NUMBER] = { 0 };
int i = 0;
int flag = 0;
Display_room_list(prl);
printf("请输入入住的房间号\n");
scanf("%s", tmp);
for (i = 0; i < prl->sz; i++)
{
if (!strcmp(tmp, prl->room[i].room_number))
{
printf("请输入入住人身份证号\n");
scanf("%s", phl->hotel[i].Person_Id);
printf("请输入入住时间（输入样例20220101，一定要不能留空格）\n");
scanf("%d", &phl->hotel[i].Time_enter);
printf("请将退房时间设置为0\n");
scanf("%d", &phl->hotel[i].Time_quit);
printf("请将支付费用设置为0\n");
scanf("%lf", &phl->hotel[i].fee);
printf("请将房间状态改为有人\n");
scanf("%s", prl->room[i].room_state);
phl->sz++;
return;
}
}
if (flag != 1)
{
printf("找不到，无法修改\n");
return;
}
}
显示整个入住信息列表功能的实现
先打印题头，更为美观
//定义显示住房信息列表函数
void Display_hotel_list(Room_List* prl, Hotel_List* phl)
{
int i = 0;
printf("%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\n",
"房间名",
"房间电话号码",
"房间状态",
"房间价格",
"入住时间",
"退房时间",
"住户身份证号");
for (i = 0; i < phl->sz; i++)
{
printf("%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30lf\t%-30d\t%-30d\t%-30s\n",
prl->room[i].room_number,
prl->room[i].room_telephone_number,
prl->room[i].room_state,
prl->room[i].price,
phl->hotel[i].Time_enter,
phl->hotel[i].Time_quit,
phl->hotel[i].Person_Id);
}
}
查找入住信息功能的实现（按身份证号查找）
//查找住房信息函数
void seek_hotel_message(Room_List* prl, Hotel_List* phl)
{
char tmp[MAX_PERSON_ID] = { 0 };
int i = 0;
int flag = 0;
printf("请输入住户的身份证号\n");
scanf("%s", tmp);
for (i = 0; i < phl->sz; i++)
{
if (!strcmp(tmp, phl->hotel[i].Person_Id))
{
flag = 1;
printf("%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\n",
"房间名",
"房间电话号码",
"房间状态",
"房间价格",
"入住时间",
"退房时间",
"住户身份证号");
printf("%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30s\t%-30lf\t%-30d\t%-30d\t%-30s\n",
prl->room[i].room_number,
prl->room[i].room_telephone_number,
prl->room[i].room_state,
prl->room[i].price,
phl->hotel[i].Time_enter,
phl->hotel[i].Time_quit,
phl->hotel[i].Person_Id);
return;
}
}
if (flag != 1)
{
printf("找不到\n");
return;
}
}
退房登记功能的实现
实现计算房费、修改房间状态、修改退房时间的功能
//退房登记系统
void Room_quit(Room_List* prl, Hotel_List* phl)
{
char tmp[MAX_ROOM_NUMBER] = { 0 };
int i = 0;
int flag = 0;
Display_room_list(prl);
printf("请输入退房的房间号\n");
scanf("%s", tmp);
for (i = 0; i < prl->sz; i++)
{
if (!strcmp(tmp, prl->room[i].room_number))
{
printf("请输入退房时间（输入样例20220101，一定要不能留空格）\n");
scanf("%d", &phl->hotel[i].Time_quit);
printf("需支付的费用为:%lf", (prl->room[i].price) * fee_calculation(phl->hotel[i].Time_enter,phl->hotel[i].Time_quit));
printf("请输入屏幕上显示的支付费用\n");
scanf("%lf", &phl->hotel[i].fee);
printf("请输入空房间\n");
scanf("%s", prl->room[i].room_state);
return;
}
}
}
房费计算功能的实现
//定义支付费用计算函数
int fee_calculation(int time_enter, int time_quit)
{
int day_e = 0;//今年已经过去天数
int day_q = 0;
int days = 0;//距离今年结束剩余天数
int year_enter = time_enter / 10000;
int month_enter = (time_enter / 100) % 100;
int day_enter = time_enter % 100;
int year_quit = time_quit / 10000;
int month_quit = (time_quit / 100) % 100;
int day_quit = time_quit % 100;
if (year_enter == year_quit)
{
if ((year_quit % 4 == 0 && year_quit % 100 != 0) || (year_quit) % 400 == 0)
{
switch (month_quit)
{
case 1:
day_q = 0;
break;
case 2:
day_q = 31;
break;
case 3:
day_q = 60;
break;
case 4:
day_q = 91;
break;
case 5:
day_q = 121;
break;
case 6:
day_q = 152;
break;
case 7:
day_q = 182;
break;
case 8:
day_q = 213;
break;
case 9:
day_q = 244;
break;
case 10:
day_q = 274;
break;
case 11:
day_q = 305;
break;
case 12:
day_q = 335;
break;
default:
printf("请输入正确的月份\n");
return 0;
}
day_q += day_quit;
}
else
{
switch (month_quit)
{
case 1:
day_q = 0;
break;
case 2:
day_q = 31;
break;
case 3:
day_q = 59;
break;
case 4:
day_q = 90;
break;
case 5:
day_q = 120;
break;
case 6:
day_q = 151;
break;
case 7:
day_q = 181;
break;
case 8:
day_q = 212;
break;
case 9:
day_q = 243;
break;
case 10:
day_q = 273;
break;
case 11:
day_q = 304;
break;
case 12:
day_q = 334;
break;
default:
printf("请输入正确的月份\n");
return 0;
}
day_q += day_quit;
}
if ((year_enter % 4 == 0 && year_enter % 100 != 0) || (year_enter) % 400 == 0)
{
switch (month_enter)
{
case 1:
day_e = 0;
break;
case 2:
day_e = 31;
break;
case 3:
day_e = 60;
break;
case 4:
day_e = 91;
break;
case 5:
day_e = 121;
break;
case 6:
day_e = 152;
break;
case 7:
day_e = 182;
break;
case 8:
day_e = 213;
break;
case 9:
day_e = 244;
break;
case 10:
day_e = 274;
break;
case 11:
day_e = 305;
break;
case 12:
day_e = 335;
break;
default:
printf("请输入正确的月份\n");
return 0;
}
day_e += day_enter;
}
else
{
switch (month_enter)
{
case 1:
day_e = 0;
break;
case 2:
day_e = 31;
break;
case 3:
day_e = 59;
break;
case 4:
day_e = 90;
break;
case 5:
day_e = 120;
break;
case 6:
day_e = 151;
break;
case 7:
day_e = 181;
break;
case 8:
day_e = 212;
break;
case 9:
day_e = 243;
break;
case 10:
day_e = 273;
break;
case 11:
day_e = 304;
break;
case 12:
day_e = 334;
break;
default:
printf("请输入正确的月份\n");
return 0;
}
day_e += day_enter;
}
return day_q - day_e;
}
else
{
//计算在入住日期这一年中，还剩下多少天
if ((year_enter % 4 == 0 && year_enter % 100 != 0) || (year_enter) % 400 == 0)
{
switch (month_enter)
{
case 1:
day_e = 0;
break;
case 2:
day_e = 31;
break;
case 3:
day_e = 60;
break;
case 4:
day_e = 91;
break;
case 5:
day_e = 121;
break;
case 6:
day_e = 152;
break;
case 7:
day_e = 182;
break;
case 8:
day_e = 213;
break;
case 9:
day_e = 244;
break;
case 10:
day_e = 274;
break;
case 11:
day_e = 305;
break;
case 12:
day_e = 335;
break;
default:
printf("请输入正确的月份\n");
return 0;
}
day_e += day_enter;
days = 366 - day_e;
}
else
{
switch (month_enter)
{
case 1:
day_e = 0;
break;
case 2:
day_e = 31;
break;
case 3:
day_e = 59;
break;
case 4:
day_e = 90;
break;
case 5:
day_e = 120;
break;
case 6:
day_e = 151;
break;
case 7:
day_e = 181;
break;
case 8:
day_e = 212;
break;
case 9:
day_e = 243;
break;
case 10:
day_e = 273;
break;
case 11:
day_e = 304;
break;
case 12:
day_e = 334;
break;
default:
printf("请输入正确的月份\n");
return 0;
}
day_e += day_enter;
days = 365 - day_e;
}
//计算在退房时间这一年中，经过了多少天
if ((year_quit % 4 == 0 && year_quit % 100 != 0) || (year_quit) % 400 == 0)
{
switch (month_quit)
{
case 1:
day_q = 0;
break;
case 2:
day_q = 31;
break;
case 3:
day_q = 60;
break;
case 4:
day_q = 91;
break;
case 5:
day_q = 121;
break;
case 6:
day_q = 152;
break;
case 7:
day_q = 182;
break;
case 8:
day_q = 213;
break;
case 9:
day_q = 244;
break;
case 10:
day_q = 274;
break;
case 11:
day_q = 305;
break;
case 12:
day_q = 335;
break;
default:
printf("请输入正确的月份\n");
return 0;
}
day_q += day_quit;
}
else
{
switch (month_quit)
{
case 1:
day_q = 0;
break;
case 2:
day_q = 31;
break;
case 3:
day_q = 59;
break;
case 4:
day_q = 90;
break;
case 5:
day_q = 120;
break;
case 6:
day_q = 151;
break;
case 7:
day_q = 181;
break;
case 8:
day_q = 212;
break;
case 9:
day_q = 243;
break;
case 10:
day_q = 273;
break;
case 11:
day_q = 304;
break;
case 12:
day_q = 334;
break;
default:
printf("请输入正确的月份\n");
return 0;
}
day_q += day_quit;
}
//返回两个日期中间隔得天数
return day_q + days;
}
}退出功能的实现
保存客房信息列表，入住信息列表
case EXIT:
system("cls");
room_list_save(&room_list);
hotel_list_save(&hotel_list);
printf("退出成功\n");
break;
保存客房信息列表的实现
//房间信息列表保存函数
void room_list_save(Room_List* prl)
{
int i = 0;
FILE* fprl = fopen("room_message.txt", "w");
if (fprl == NULL)
{
perror("fopen");
return;
}
else
{
for (i = 0; i < prl->sz; i++)
{
fwrite(&prl->room[i],sizeof(Room_Message),1,fprl);
}
printf("保存成功\n");
}
fclose(fprl);
fprl = NULL;
prl->sz = 0;
prl->capacity = 0;
prl->room = NULL;
free(prl->room);
}
保存入住信息列表的实现
//入住信息列表保存函数
void hotel_list_save(Hotel_List* phl)
{
int i = 0;
FILE* fprl = fopen("hotel_message.txt", "w");
if (fprl == NULL)
{
perror("fopen");
return;
}
else
{
for (i = 0; i < phl->sz; i++)
{
fwrite(&phl->hotel[i], sizeof(Hotel_Message), 1, fprl);
}
printf("保存成功\n");
}
fclose(fprl);
fprl = NULL;
phl->sz = 0;
phl->capacity = 0;
phl->hotel = NULL;
free(phl->hotel);
}
总结
思路定义类型-》初始化-》依次实现要求的功能-》保存到文件
依然是实现增删查改，与通讯录相比，增加了一些功能，本质还是一样的。希望这篇文章能帮助到同志们，希望这个问题和我的思路能够让同志们得到提升，希望对于增删查改之类的题目同志们越写越轻松。