多旋翼物流无人机的节能轨迹规划是一项重要的技术,可以有效减少无人机的能量消耗,延长飞行时间,提高物流效率。下面是一些常见的节能轨迹规划方法:
最短路径规划:通过寻找起点和终点之间的最短路径,减少飞行距离,从而节省能量消耗。可以使用经典的最短路径算法如Dijkstra算法和A*算法来实现。
动态路径规划:考虑当前环境的动态变化,比如风速、天气状况和地形高度等因素,并实时优化飞行路径。这样可以避免飞行过程中遭受很大的阻力,从而减少能量消耗。
高效充电站布置:合理规划充电站的位置,使得无人机在物流任务执行过程中可以方便地进行补充能量。这样无人机可以减少回程飞行距离,节省能量。
光伏充电:在无人机上安装太阳能电池板,通过太阳能充电来提供能源。这种方式可以减少对传统电力的依赖,减少碳排放。
多机协同飞行:通过与其他物流无人机进行协同飞行,在空中形成集群,减少空气阻力,提高整体能源利用效率。
总之,节能轨迹规划为多旋翼物流无人机提供了较大的优化空间,通过合理规划飞行路径、优化充电策略以及使用新能源技术,可以显著减少能量消耗,提高物流效率。
本文考虑静态环境下无人机轨迹轨迹的可行性和能耗特性。
部分代码:
def VelDataAboutTime(): blocks = [] b1 = Block(0, 0, 0, 150, 200, 200) # (x1, y1, z1, x2, y2, z2) b2 = Block(100, 150, 120, 300, 400, 450) # (x1, y1, z1, x2, y2, z2) b3 = Block(250, 350, 400, 500, 480, 500) # (x1, y1, z1, x2, y2, z2) b4 = Block(420, 220, 200, 650, 400, 450) # (x1, y1, z1, x2, y2, z2) b5 = Block(550, 80, 150, 650, 400, 300) # (x1, y1, z1, x2, y2, z2) b6 = Block(600, 80, 50, 800, 150, 200) # (x1, y1, z1, x2, y2, z2) blocks.append(b1) blocks.append(b2) blocks.append(b3) blocks.append(b4) blocks.append(b5) blocks.append(b6) block2Ds = [] for b in blocks: block2Ds.append(Block2D(b.x1, b.y1, b.x2, b.y2)) goal = [800, 100, 60] c_x = [] # 每段 (x1, x2) c_y = [] # 每段 (y1, y2) c_z = [] # 每段 (z1, z2) corridor = [] for block in blocks: c_x.append([block.x1, block.x2]) # 提取出每一段的 (x1,x2) c_y.append([block.y1, block.y2]) # 提取出每一段的 (y1,y2) c_z.append([block.z1, block.z2]) # 提取出每一段的 (z1,z2) corridor.append(c_x) corridor.append(c_y) corridor.append(c_z) time = [ [13, 21, 9, 12, 12, 13], [16, 23, 10, 13, 13, 15], [18, 25, 11, 15, 15, 16], [20, 27, 13, 16, 16, 18], [22, 29, 14, 18, 18, 19] ] # time = [13, 21, 9, 12, 12, 13] # 80 2.68677585e+04 # time = [16, 23, 10, 13, 13, 15] # 90 2.88795396e+04 # time = [18, 25, 11, 15, 15, 16] # 100 3.10684295e+04 # time = [20, 27, 13, 16, 16, 18] # 110 3.33565508e+04 # time = [22, 29, 14, 18, 18, 19] # 120 3.57001138e+04 for i in range(5): print("============================================") energy, power, s, vel = UAV3D(time[i], goal, corridor) print(energy) """ save vel to excel """ vel_x = list(np.array(vel[0]).flatten()) vel_y = list(np.array(vel[1]).flatten()) vel_z = list(np.array(vel[2]).flatten()) for index in range(len(vel_x)): velocity = math.sqrt(vel_x[index] ** 2 + vel_y[index] ** 2 + vel_z[index] ** 2) CVXsheet.write(index, i, velocity) workbook.save('Velocity.xls') def plot_blocks(blocks): plt.figure(1) ax = plt.axes(projection='3d') ax.set_xlabel('X(m)') ax.set_ylabel('Y(m)') ax.set_zlabel('Z(m)') # ax.set_xticks(np.linspace(0, 100, 4)) # ax.set_yticks(np.linspace(0, 100, 4)) # ax.set_zticks(np.linspace(0, 100, 4)) ax.set_xlim(0, 1000) ax.set_ylim(0, 1000)
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[1]Wu Kunpeng (2022) Energy-Efficient Trajectory Planning for Multi-rotor Logistics UAVs