C.
As 由于 data and identity theft becomes more and more common （more and more +adj. 越来越…）, the market is growing for biometric (生物测量) technologies — like fingerprint scans 指纹扫描— to keep others out of private e-spaces.（keep sb out of sth. 使某人远离某物） At present 现在, these technologies are still expensive, though.
Researchers from Georgia Tech say that they have come up with 想出,提出 a low-cost device (装置) that gets around 克服,解决 this problem: a smart keyboard. This smart keyboard precisely measures the cadence (节奏) with which one types and the pressure fingers apply to 适用 each key. The keyboard could offer a strong layer of security by analyzing things like the force of a user's typing and the time between key presses. These patterns are unique to（be unique to sb 对...而言是独一无二的） each person. Thus, the keyboard can determine people's identities, and by extension, whether they should be given access to the computer it's connected to — regardless of 无论 whether 引导宾语从句 someone gets the password right.
It also doesn't require a new type of technology that 引导定语从句 people aren't already familiar with. Everybody uses a keyboard and everybody types differently. （ be familiar with sth 对某物熟悉）
In a study describing the technology, the researchers had 100 volunteers type the word "touch" four times using the smart keyboard. Data collected from the device could be used to recognize识别 different participants based on 依据 how they typed, with very low error rates 错误率. The researchers say that the keyboard should be pretty非常 straightforward简单明了的;易懂的 to commercialize商业化 and is mostly made of inexpensive, plastic-like类似塑料的 parts. The team hopes to make it to market in the near future在近未来. （be made of sth. 由…制成。hope to do sth. 希望做某事。）
D.
During the rosy years of elementary school (小学), I enjoyed sharing （enjoy doing sth 享受做某事）my dolls and jokes, which allowed me to keep my high social status社会地位. （allow sb to do sth. 允许某人做某事） I was the queen of the playground. Then came my tweens and teens, and mean girls and cool kids. They rose in the ranks not by being friendly but by smoking cigarettes 抽烟, breaking rules 破环规矩 and playing jokes on others取笑他人, among whom I soon found myself.
Popularity is a well-explored subject in social psychology社会心理学. Mitch Prinstein, a professor of clinical psychology临床心理学 sorts the popular into two categories: the likable 讨人喜欢的人 and the status seekers身份寻求者. The likables' plays-well-with-others qualities strengthen schoolyard校园 friendships, jump-start interpersonal skills and when tapped (tap v. 利用,开发,发掘(已有的资源、知识等) early, are employed ever after in life and work. Then there's the kind of popularity that appears in adolescence: status born of源于 power and even dishonorable可耻的 behavior.
Enviable令人羡慕的 as the cool kids may have seemed, Dr. Prinstein's studies show unpleasant consequences. Those who were highest in status in high school, as well as those least liked in elementary school, are "most likely to engage (从事) in dangerous and risky behavior."
In one study, Dr. Prinstein examined the two types of popularity in 235 adolescents, scoring the least liked, the most liked and the highest in status based on student surveys (调查研究). "We found that the least well-liked teens had become more aggressive over time toward their classmates. But so had those who were high in status.(so+助动词/情态动词/be动词+sb/sth. …也是) It clearly showed that while likability can lead to healthy adjustment, high status has just the opposite effect on us."
Dr. Prinstein has also found that the qualities that made the neighbors want you on a play date — sharing, kindness, openness — carry over(使)延续 to later years and make you better able to relate and connect with others.
In (与现在分词连用)在…过程中 analyzing his and other research, Dr. Prinstein came to another conclusion: Not only is likability related to positive life outcomes, but it is also responsible for those outcomes, too. (Not only …, but also… 不仅…而且…; be responsible for sth 作为某事的原因) "Being liked creates opportunities for learning and for new kinds of life experiences that help somebody gain an advantage," he said.