自第七次人口普查数据出炉后，各大企业纷纷炒起了“三胎经济”：纸尿裤、奶粉、教辅……其中要说跟政策风跟得最紧的外企，榜单上没有宜家我是不同意的，你看：
速度之快，文案之精准，还有呼之欲出的口号……宜家高管一定是连夜研读了七普的报告。
而我们，也连夜写了这篇关于人口普查的推送，请看——
原文
人口普查，是完善人口发展战略和政策体系，促进人口长期均衡发展的迫切需要。自2010年第六次全国人口普查以来，我国人口发展的内在动力和外部条件发生了显著改变，出现重要转折性变化，人口总规模增长惯性减弱，劳动年龄人口波动下降，老龄化程度不断加深。
人口普查，是摸清我国人口家底的重要手段。我国已进行过六次人口普查，世界各国也都定期开展人口普查。当前，中国特色社会主义进入新时代，及时开展人口普查，全面查清我国人口数量、结构、分布等方面的最新情况，既是制定和完善未来收入、消费、教育、就业、养老、医疗、社会保障等政策措施的基础，也为教育和医疗机构布局、儿童和老年人服务设施建设、工商业服务网点分布、城乡道路建设等提供决策依据。
第一句
人口普查，是完善人口发展战略和政策体系，促进人口长期均衡发展的迫切需要。
还是先提主干：
人口普查是迫切需要
“完善..., 促进...”是“迫切需要”的修饰成分，也可以理解为这个需求的目的：
The census is urgently needed to...
完善：improve/refine/upgrade都可以
“长期”可以处理为前置定语，也可以处理为时间状语：long-term development of the population/the development of the population over a long haul
写两个参考译文：
The census is urgently needed to improve the population development strategy and policy system and balance the development of the population over a long haul/the long-term development of the population.
The population census is urgently needed to refine the existing population development strategies and policy system, which is a prerequisite for the long-term balanced population growth.
第二句
自2010年第六次全国人口普查以来，//我国人口发展的内在动力和外部条件发生了显著改变，出现重要转折性变化，//人口总规模增长惯性减弱，劳动年龄人口波动下降，老龄化程度不断加深。
又来一个长句子，我们还是先大概分下结构：
自...以来，我国人口发展..发生显著改变，出现...转折性变化 + 具体什么样的改变&转折性变化。
总体就是一个“时间状语+主干”的结构。
“发生显著改变，出现重要转折性变化”，对于政府公文看多了的童鞋，这里的动词选择几乎是呼之欲出的：see/witness。
“内在动力和外部条件”是“显著改变”的修饰成分：.....in the internal drivers and external conditions of population development
“转折性变化”很啰嗦，就是“转折”嘛，转折难道不是变化吗：shifts。
主干出来了：
China has witnessed noticeable changes in the internal drivers and external conditions of population development, and also a series of significant shifts,
接下来就是具体举例了，including...
“惯性减弱”理解一下，就是“减弱”这件事情已经一个趋势了: weakening momentum of the total population
“波动下降”其实是“在波动中下降”，decline amid fluctuations。
“老龄化程度加深”，就是老龄化的问题越来越严重aggravated，也可以理解为人口越来越老龄，is graying...
gray这个词，我们之前好像讲过借代的手法，用局部指代整体，比如the gray hair，局部的白发指代整体的老人。然后就注意到gray这个词，也有动词性，变白，人口变白，就变老了嘛，the country is graying rapidly。
实在想不到这些，the country is getting older and older，也是能行嘛。
加上时间状语，串起来就好：
Since the sixth national census in 2010, China has witnessed noticeable changes in the internal drivers and external conditions of population development, and also a series of significant shifts, including weakened momentum of total population growth, decrease of the working-age population amid fluctuations, and aggravated population aging.
如果觉得句子太长，我们可以把including...后面的这些名词改成句子，然后和前句用冒号连接，比如：
Since the sixth national census in 2010, China has witnessed noticeable changes in the internal drivers and external conditions of population development, and also a series of significant shifts: the total population growth has lost momentum, the working-age population has declined amid fluctuations, and the country is graying rapidly.
第三句
人口普查，是摸清我国人口家底的重要手段。
是...的重要手段：be an important means for...
“家底”，这个词比较抽象，结合“人口”一词来看，就是“关于人口的基本信息”，basics。也可以结合“摸清”这个动作来看，摸清人口家底就是充分了解国家人口情况，gain/sketch/have a full/clear picture of its population
译文
Population census is an important means for China to gain/sketch a full picture of its population.
第四句
我国已进行过六次人口普查，世界各国也都定期开展人口普查。
这句话比较简单了，2个并列句：
China has completed six censuses, and other countries in the world also count their population/do so on a regular basis.
就不详细展开讲了。
第五句
当前，中国特色社会主义进入新时代，//及时开展人口普查，全面查清我国人口数量、结构、分布等方面的最新情况，//既是制定和完善未来收入、消费、教育、就业、养老、医疗、社会保障等政策措施的基础，也为教育和医疗机构布局、儿童和老年人服务设施建设、工商业服务网点分布、城乡道路建设等提供决策依据。
这是个大大大大大长句啊，结构搞清楚就不慌了：
当前，中国特色社会主义进入新时代——状语
及时开展、全面查清——主语
既是...也为...——谓宾，2个并列
先看简单的状语：
As socialism with Chinese characteristics has crossed the threshold into a new era,
主语也不难：及时开展人口普查，全面查清我国人口数量、结构、分布等方面的最新情况。
主语当中“全面查清...”可以当成重点，“及时开展...”处理到附属成分去；
“全面、查清、最新”都可以用来形容“情况”，这样句子清爽一点：
A clear, thorough, and up-to-date understanding of...
来到最难啃的部分：
既是制定和完善未来收入、消费、教育、就业、养老、医疗、社会保障等政策措施的基础，也为教育和医疗机构布局、儿童和老年人服务设施建设、工商业服务网点分布、城乡道路建设等提供决策依据。
既然是长句子，我们还是把主要的部分拎出来
既是制定和完善...的基础，也为...提供决策依据：
Lay the foundation for formulating or improving... and providing the decision-making basis for...
其余的部分实际都不难，给它们装上去就好了。
写一个译文：
As socialism with Chinese characteristics has crossed the threshold into a new era, a clear, thorough and up-to-date understanding of the country’s population size, structure and distribution from a timely census will lay the foundation for formulating and improving policy measures on income, consumption, education, employment, pension, medical care, and social security for the future, and providing the decision-making basis for the layout of educational and medical institutions, the construction of service facilities for children and the elderly, the distribution of industrial and commercial service outlets, and the construction of roads in urban and rural areas, among others.
也可以用“人口普查”做主语：
With the entry of socialism with Chinese characteristics into a new era, a timely population census will enable China to keep abreast of the latest changes in its population size, structure, and distribution, among other aspects.
然后，“既是……也……”处理成两个小句子：
The availability of such information matters for two reasons: first, it constitutes the basis for the formulation of and improvement to the future policy measures in such fields as income, consumption, education, employment, pension, medical care, and social security; second, it provides references for decision-making with respect to the planning of educational and medical institutions, the improvement of service facilities for children and the elderly, the distribution of industrial and commercial service facilities, and the construction of urban and rural roads.
第六句
人口普查工作从方案制定，物资准备、试点、人员培训、入户登记到数据处理等一切工作都离不开人，队伍建设非常重要。
主干：
人口普查工作队伍建设非常重要
Team building is a very important part of a population census
Team building matters much to the census exercise
为啥重要呢？
从方案制定，物资准备、试点、人员培训、入户登记到数据处理等一切工作都离不开人
所以这部分自然而然地处理为原因状语从句：because...
“都离不开人”可以来个正说反译：every aspect of it entails the engagement of many people
或者也可以顺着来：every related work cannot do without people
写两个译文：
Team building is a very important part of a population census, because every aspect of it entails the engagement of many people, from plan formulation, material preparation, and trial operation, through personnel training, door-to-door registration to data processing.
Team building matters much to the census exercise, because every related work, from plan formulation, material preparation, piloting, census taker training, door-to-door registration to data processing, cannot do without people.
第七句
能否组织好人口普查队伍，能否做好普查人员的选调，直接影响到普查的工作质量和数据质量。
“能否组织好、做好”直接影响到...，意思就是，这些事情做得怎么样决定了...所以我们可以用how... determines...
先照这个思路写一个译文：
How the census team is organized and census takers selected determines the quality of the population count and the data gathered therefrom.
或者可以顺着原文来，所谓“组织好、做好”就是队伍、人员的能力嘛：the competence of....
再写一个译文：
The competence of the census team organized and census takers selected plays a direct role in influencing the quality of the population count and the data gathered therefrom.
或者把“组织好队伍”和“做好选调”分别处理；“直接影响”理解为“直接关系到...”，bear on: ( formal ) to relate to sth 和（某事物）有关；涉及
最后写一个译文：
The qualification of the census team organized and the suitability of census takers selected will bear directly on the quality of the population count and the data gathered therefrom.
结束。今天你被催婚/生了吗？
本系列完结。
虽然平日里小姐姐们工作缠身，更新慢，但每一次，我们都诚意满满。