19. 删除链表的倒数第 N 个结点

题目介绍

给你一个链表,删除链表的倒数第 n 个结点,并且返回链表的头结点。

示例 1:

19. 删除链表的倒数第 N 个结点_第1张图片

输入:head = [1,2,3,4,5], n = 2
输出:[1,2,3,5]

示例 2:

输入:head = [1], n = 1
输出:[]

示例 3:

输入:head = [1,2], n = 1
输出:[1]

提示:

  • 链表中结点的数目为 sz
  • 1 <= sz <= 30
  • 0 <= Node.val <= 100
  • 1 <= n <= sz

解答

/**
 * Definition for singly-linked list.
 * struct ListNode {
 *     int val;
 *     ListNode *next;
 *     ListNode() : val(0), next(nullptr) {}
 *     ListNode(int x) : val(x), next(nullptr) {}
 *     ListNode(int x, ListNode *next) : val(x), next(next) {}
 * };
 */
class Solution {
public:
    // 栈方法
    ListNode* removeNthFromEnd(ListNode* head, int n) {
        // 遍历所有节点依次入栈,出栈的第n个节点就倒数第n个节点,当前栈顶节点就是其前驱节点
        ListNode *dummy = new ListNode(-1, head);
        stack<ListNode*> stk;
        ListNode *cur = dummy;
        while(cur)
        {
            stk.push(cur);
            cur = cur->next;
        }

        // 弹出n个节点
        for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i)
        {
            stk.pop();
        }
        ListNode *pre = stk.top();
        pre->next = pre->next->next;
        ListNode *res = dummy->next;
        delete dummy;
        return res;
    }

    ListNode* removeNthFromEnd1(ListNode* head, int n) {
        // 双指针(快慢)
        ListNode *dummy = new ListNode(-1, head);
        
        ListNode *fast = head, *slow = dummy;

        // 快指针提前走n步
        for(int i = 0; i < n; ++i) fast = fast->next;

        // 快指针 和慢指针以及 pre指针一起走
        while(fast != nullptr)
        {
            slow = slow->next;
            fast = fast->next;
        } // 出循环时, slow到达待删除元素前面的位置

        // 删除节点
        slow->next = slow->next->next;
        
        ListNode *res = dummy->next;
        delete dummy;
        return res;
    }
};

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