playwright常用方法
一、常用 API
1.1 认证信息保存
from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright,expect
with sync_playwright() as p:
browser = p.chromium.launch(
headless=False,
channel='chrome',
args=['--start-maximized'],
)
context = browser.new_context(
no_viewport=True,
)
page = context.new_page()
page.goto('http://124.223.40.245:83/index.php/Home/user/login.html')
page.get_by_placeholder('手机号/邮箱').fill("13800138006")
page.get_by_placeholder('密码').fill("123456")
page.get_by_placeholder('验证码').fill("8888")
page.locator(".J-login-submit").click()
expect(page.locator('a[title="退出"]')).to_be_visible()
#保存网站登录信息
storage = context.storage_state(path="shop_state.json")
1.2 认证信息读取
from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright,expect
import re
with sync_playwright() as p:
browser = p.chromium.launch(
headless=False,
channel='chrome',
args=['--start-maximized'],
)
context = browser.new_context(
no_viewport=True,
storage_state="shop_state.json", #读取已经保存好的登录信息
)
page = context.new_page()
page.goto('http://124.223.40.245:83/index.php/Home/Order/order_list.html')
expect(page).to_have_title(re.compile('我的订单'))
1.3 常用方法
1. 创建浏览器对象
browser = p.chromium.launch(
headless=False,
channel='chrome',
args=['--start-maximized'],
)
2. 创建上下文管理器
context = browser.new_context(
no_viewport=True,
storage_state="shop_state.json", #读取已经保存好的登录信息
)
3. 创建页面
1. page = context.new_page()
4. 打开网址
1. page.goto('http://124.223.40.245:83/index.php/Home/User/address_list.html')
expect(page).to_have_title(re.compile('地址管理'))
5. 等待，单位是毫秒
1. page.wait_for_timeout(500)
6. 定位器
1. page.locator('#address_submit')
7. 点击操作
1. click()
8. 输入文本
1. fill(value='修改最后一个')
9. 将元素滚动到试图中
1. locator.scroll_into_view_if_needed()
2. locator.scroll_into_view_if_needed(**kwargs)
10. page.pause()
1. 暂停操作，可以调试
二、查找元素
2.1 查找单个元素
page.locator(".address.co_blue")获取元素- 如果获取的是多个元素，使用
first和last进行选取第一个或者最后一个
from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright,expect
import re
with sync_playwright() as p:
browser = p.chromium.launch(
headless=False,
channel='chrome',
args=['--start-maximized'],
)
context = browser.new_context(
no_viewport=True,
storage_state="shop_state.json", #读取已经保存好的登录信息
)
page = context.new_page()
# 前往地址管理
page.goto('http://124.223.40.245:83/index.php/Home/User/address_list.html')
expect(page).to_have_title(re.compile('地址管理'))
#定位地址的修改按钮
address = page.locator(".address.co_blue")
#第一个地址的修改按钮
address.first.click()
page.wait_for_timeout(500)
#修改详细信息
page.locator('input[placeholder="详细地址"]').fill(value='修改第一个')
#点击保存按钮
page.locator('#address_submit').click()
expect(page.locator('//*[text()="修改第一个"]'))
# 最后一个地址的修改按钮
address.last.click()
page.wait_for_timeout(500)
# 修改详细信息
page.get_by_placeholder('详细地址').fill(value='修改最后一个')
# 点击保存按钮
page.locator('#address_submit').click()
expect(page.locator('//*[text()="修改最后一个"]'))
2. 2 查找多个元素
#获取元素，当有多个元素时，获取第1个，如果没有元素，返回 None
ele1 = page.query_selector('.address_delete.co_blue')
#获取元素，当有多个元素时，获取所有的元素，返回的是列表，如果没有获取到元素，返回 空列表[]
ele2 = page.query_selector_all('.address_delete.co_blue')
三、常见的页面元素操作
3.1 文本输入
1. 文本输入
page.fill("id=kw", "test")
2. 一个字符一个字符的输入，模拟真实的键盘输入
page.type("id=kw", "playwright")
page.type("id=kw", "playwright", delay=100): 每个字符延迟100ms输入
3. 支持各种键盘事件，比如Tab、Delete、Enter、PageDown、PageUp、F1 - F12、0-9、A-Z等
page.press("id=kw", '@') : 模拟键盘输入 `@` 符号
page.press("id=kw", 'Control+A'`：Control+A
page.press('id=kw', 'Enter')：点击回车
3.2 鼠标点击
page.get_by_text(“我的购物车”).hover()
左键点击：page.click("id=su")
点击元素左上角：page.click('id=su', position={'x': 0, 'y': 0})
Shift + click：page.click("id=su", modifiers=['Shift'])
强制点击：page.click("id=su", force=True)
右键点击：page.click("id=su", button='right')
双击：page.dblclick("id=su")
悬停在元素上：page.hover('id=su')
3.3 下拉框
- 根据文本定位：select_option(label=“北京市”)
- 根据 value 属性定位：select_option(value=“2”)
- 根据下标定位：select_option(index=1)
page.locator("#province").select_option(label="北京市")
page.locator("#city").select_option(value="2")
page.locator("#district").select_option(value="3")
page.locator("#twon").select_option(index=1)
3.4 文件上传
1. 上传单张图片
page.locator("#filePicker input").set_input_files(r"E:\tang\Desktop\tf102项目\系统测试-tpshop\唐柳林\流程图.jpg")
2. 上传多张图片
page.locator("#filePicker input").set_input_files(['file1.txt', 'file2.txt'])
3. 清除图片
page.locator("#filePicker input").set_input_files([])
3.5 日期框操作
page.locator(‘input[name=“apply.start_time”]’).evaluate(‘node => node.value=“2023-04-16 20:00”’)
page.locator(‘input[name=“apply.end_time”]’).evaluate(‘node => node.value=“2023-04-16 23:00”’)
执行 js 语句：
page.locator(‘input[name=“apply.start_time”]’).evaluate(‘el => el.value="2023-04-16 20:00 "’)
from playwright.sync_api import sync_playwright, expect
with sync_playwright() as p:
browser = p.chromium.launch(
headless=False,
channel='chrome',
args=['--start-maximized'],
)
context = browser.new_context(
no_viewport=True,
storage_state="shop_state.json",
)
page = context.new_page()
page.goto("http://124.223.40.245:8080/woniuboss")
page.get_by_placeholder("请输入用户名").fill("admin")
page.get_by_placeholder("请输入密码").fill("woniu123")
page.fill('input[name="checkcode"]', "0000")
if not page.locator('input[checked="checked"]'):
page.click('input[checked="checked"]')
page.get_by_text("登录").click()
page.get_by_role("link", name="教学管理").click()
page.get_by_role("link", name="加班申请").click()
page.get_by_role("button", name="新增").click()
#处理日期框
page.locator('input[name="apply.start_time"]').evaluate('node => node.value="2023-04-16 20:00"')
page.locator('input[name="apply.end_time"]').evaluate('node => node.value="2023-04-16 23:00"')
page.locator('select[name="apply.accounting_way"]').select_option(label="结算工资")
page.locator('select[name="apply.hours"]').select_option(label="3小时")
page.locator('select[name="apply.region_id"]').select_option(value="4")
text = "上班很累，加班很爽，模拟面试"
page.locator('textarea[name="apply.reason"]').fill(text)
page.get_by_text("提交申请").click()
page.wait_for_selector('.bootbox-body')
page.get_by_role('button', name="确定").click()
3.6 元素等待
page.wait_for_event("event", event_predict, timeout)
page.wait_for_function(js_function)
page.wait_for_load_state(state="domcontentloaded|load|networkidle", timeout)
page.wait_for_selector(selector, timeout)
page.wait_for_timeout(timeout) # 不推荐使用
3.7 javascript 弹框
alert(), confirm(), prompt() dialogs
page.on("dialog", lambda dialog: dialog.accept())
page.get_by_role("button").click()
page.on("dialog", lambda dialog: print(dialog.message))
page.get_by_role("button").click() # Will hang here
def handle_dialog(dialog):
assert dialog.type == 'beforeunload'
dialog.dismiss()
page.on('dialog', lambda: handle_dialog)
page.close(run_before_unload=True)
3.8 iframe 操作
page.frame_locator("iframe[name^=\"layui-layer-iframe\"]").get_by_text("确定使用").click()
3.9 验证码操作
3.10 截图
1. 截取页面
page.goto("https://www.baidu.com/")
# 方法1
page.screenshot(path="screenshot1.png")
# 方法2
page.screenshot(path="screenshot2.png", full_page=True)
# 方法3:
screenshot_bytes = self.page.screenshot()
open("screenshot3.png", "wb").write(screenshot_bytes)
2. 截取元素
element_handle = self.page.query_selector("id=su")
element_handle.screenshot(path="baidu.png")
3.11 视频录制
#一定要关闭 context
context = browser.new_context(
no_viewport=True,
storage_state="shop_state.json",
record_video_dir="./videos", #指定视频放置文件夹
#record_video_size={"width": 1920, "height": 1080}, # 指定视频录制大小
)
video_path = page.video.path() #获取视频路径 videos\b126cee45e43983e1f0cd7ad3ff27cac.webm
print(video_path)
page.close()
context.close()
browser.close()
3.12 断言
expect(locator).to_be_checked() Checkbox is checked
expect(locator).to_be_disabled() Element is disabled
expect(locator).to_be_editable() Element is enabled
expect(locator).to_be_empty() Container is empty
expect(locator).to_be_enabled() Element is enabled
expect(locator).to_be_focused() Element is focused
expect(locator).to_be_hidden() Element is not visible
expect(locator).to_be_visible() Element is visible
expect(locator).to_contain_text() Element contains text
expect(locator).to_have_attribute() Element has a DOM attribute
expect(locator).to_have_class() Element has a class property
expect(locator).to_have_count() List has exact number of children
expect(locator).to_have_css() Element has CSS property
expect(locator).to_have_id() Element has an ID
expect(locator).to_have_js_property() Element has a JavaScript property
expect(locator).to_have_text() Element matches text
expect(locator).to_have_value() Input has a value
expect(locator).to_have_values() Select has options selected
expect(page).to_have_title() Page has a title
expect(page).to_have_url() Page has a URL
expect(api_response).to_be_ok() Response has an OK status
3.14 新窗口处理
with context.expect_page() as page_info:
page.get_by_role("link", name="我的订单").click()
page1 = page_info.value
page1.wait_for_load_state()
3.15 选框处理
勾选：`page.check('#agree')`
取消勾选：`page.uncheck('#agree')`
判断是否勾选：`page.is_checked('#agree')` #返回布尔值
3.16 获取元素属性
读取属性：`get_attribute(selector, attr_name)`
-------------------返回布尔值-------------------
元素是否可见：`is_visible(selector)`
元素是否可用：`is_enabled(selector)`
是否勾选：`page.is_checked(selector)`
inner text判断：page.inner_text('#s-top-left:has(a) > a:nth-child(2)')
文本内容判断：page.text_content('#s-top-left:has(a) > a:nth-child(2)')