spring security 入门学习(一)

1、spring security体验

只要加入spring security的依赖,项目中的所有接口都会被保护

  
    org.springframework.boot
    spring-boot-starter-security
  

访问任何接口都会跳转到/login上要求登陆,用户名为user,密码为控制台中给出的(Using generated security password: 954afb95-9d6c-4a55-93b4-844d60bc91de)

2、手工配置用户名密码

1) application.properties中配置

  spring.security.user.name=user
  spring.security.user.password=user
  spring.security.user.roles=admin

2) java代码中配置(使用BCryptPasswordEncoder类进行密码加密)

@Configuration
public class SecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter {
    @Bean
    PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){
        return NoOpPasswordEncoder.getInstance();//方法已过时
    }
    @Override
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.inMemoryAuthentication()//基于内存的用户认证
                .withUser("user").password("user").roles("user")
                .and()
                .withUser("admin").password("admin").roles("admin");
    }
}

3、HttpSecurity配置(不同路径采用不同策略)

在SecurityConfig中重写configure(HttpSecurity http)方法

@Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        http.authorizeRequests()
                .antMatchers("/admin/**").hasRole("admin")//访问"/admin/**"路径下的请求需要admin权限
                .antMatchers("/user/**").hasAnyRole("admin","user")//访问"/user/**"路径下的请求需要admin或者user权限
                //.antMatchers("user/**").access("hasAnyRole('user','admin')")
                .anyRequest().authenticated()//剩下的请求登陆后都可以访问
                .and()
                .formLogin()//表单登陆
                .loginProcessingUrl("/doLogin")
                .permitAll()//登陆接口可以直接访问
                .and()
                .csrf().disable();//关闭csrf
    }

4、登陆表单详细配置(formLogin)

    @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        ..........
                .loginProcessingUrl("/doLogin")
                .loginPage("/login")//登陆页面
                .successHandler((request, response, authentication) -> {//(前后端分离方式)登陆成功处理  authentication保存登陆成功的用户信息
                    response.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
                    PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
                    Map map = new HashMap<>();
                    map.put("status",200);
                    map.put("msg",authentication.getPrincipal());
                    out.write(new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(map));
                    out.flush();
                    out.close();
                })
                .failureHandler((request, response, exception) -> {//登陆失败处理
                    response.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
                    PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
                    Map map = new HashMap<>();
                    map.put("status",401);
                    if (exception instanceof LockedException){
                        map.put("msg","账户被锁定，登陆失败");
                    }else if (exception instanceof BadCredentialsException){
                        map.put("msg","用户名或密码输入错误，登陆失败");
                    }else if (exception instanceof DisabledException){
                        map.put("msg","账户被禁用，登陆失败");
                    }else {//.....其他的异常AuthenticationException中查看
                        map.put("msg","登陆失败");
                    }
                    out.write(new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(map));
                    out.flush();
                    out.close();
                })
                .permitAll()//登陆接口可以直接访问
    }

5、注销登录配置

 @Override
    protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
        ..........
                .and()
                .logout()
                .logoutUrl("/logout")
                .logoutSuccessHandler((request, response, authentication) -> {
                    response.setContentType("application/json;charset=utf-8");
                    PrintWriter out = response.getWriter();
                    Map map = new HashMap<>();
                    map.put("status",200);
                    map.put("msg","注销登录成功");
                    out.write(new ObjectMapper().writeValueAsString(map));
                    out.flush();
                    out.close();
                })
                .and()
                .csrf().disable();//关闭csrf
    }

6、多个HttpSecurity配置

@Configuration
public class MultiHttpSecurityConfig {
    @Bean
    PasswordEncoder passwordEncoder(){
        return NoOpPasswordEncoder.getInstance();
    }

    @Autowired
    protected void configure(AuthenticationManagerBuilder auth) throws Exception {
        auth.inMemoryAuthentication()//基于内存的用户认证
                .withUser("user").password("user").roles("user")
                .and()
                .withUser("admin").password("admin").roles("admin");
    }

    @Configuration
    @Order(1)
    public static class AdminSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter{
        @Override
        protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
            http.antMatcher("/admin/**").authorizeRequests().anyRequest().hasRole("admin");
        }
    }

    @Configuration
    public static class OtherSecurityConfig extends WebSecurityConfigurerAdapter{
        @Override
        protected void configure(HttpSecurity http) throws Exception {
            http.authorizeRequests().anyRequest().authenticated()
                    .and()
                    .formLogin()
                    .loginProcessingUrl("/doLogin")
                    .permitAll()
                    .and()
                    .csrf().disable();
        }
    }
}