Python-类与文件读取结合
目录
作业1：
知识点1：eval使用
知识点1：类对象数组定义
知识点2：文件读取
知识点3：内容解包
知识点4：列表排序
作业2：
知识点1：类继承后 初始化管理
知识点2：文件的筛选
作业1：
数据如下：
stu1.txt 孙同学,2020-5-21,20,'男',77,56,77,76,92,58,-91,84,69,-91
stu2.txt 赵同学,2020-11-3,24,'女',65,68,72,95,-81,71,86,91,57,91
stu3.txt 王同学,2021-8-7,25,'男',87,78,90,-76,88,47,100,65,69,100
stu4.txt 李同学,2021-8-10,29,'男',92,54,85,71,-91,68,77,68,95,95
以上四个txt文档在work路径下可以找到。
定义Student类，包括name、dob、age、gender和score属性，包括top3方法用来返回学生的最大的3个成绩（可重复）、sanitize方法用来将负的分数变为正的分数，负的分数可能是输入错误。声明stu_list对象组数用于存储所有的学生对象。最后输出所有的学生信息包括姓名、生日、年龄、性别、最高的3个分数。
第一题的输出结果如下，供参考：
初始思路：
class Student:
def __init__(self, name, dob, age, gender, score):
self.name = name
self.dob = dob
self.age = age
self.gender = gender
self.score = score
def top3(self):
self.sanitize()
self.score = sorted(self.score)
self.score=self.score[-3:]
def sanitize(self):
for i in range(len(self.score)):
if self.score[i]<0:
self.score[i]=abs(self.score[i])
def print_stu(self):
self.top3()
print('姓名：', self.name, '生日：', self.dob,'年龄：', self.age, '性别：', self.gender, '分数：', self.score)
s1 = Student('孙同学','2020-5-21','20','男',[77,56,77,76,92,58,-91,84,69,-91])
s2 = Student('赵同学','2020-11-3','24','女',[65,68,72,95,-81,71,86,91,57,91])
s3 = Student('王同学','2021-8-7','25','男',[87,78,90,-76,88,47,100,65,69,100])
s4 = Student('李同学','2021-8-10','29','男',[92,54,85,71,-91,68,77,68,95,95])
s5 = Student('特长同学','2020-10-5','20','男',[180,77,56,77,76,92,58,-91,84,69,-91])
s6 = Student('特长同学','2020-10-6','20','女',[230,77,56,77,76,92,58,-91,84,69,-91])
text1 = '孙同学', '2020-5-21','20','男',[77,56,77,76,92,58,-91,84,69,-91]
text2 = '赵同学', '2020-11-3','24','女',[65,68,72,95,-81,71,86,91,57,91]
text3 = '王同学','2021-8-7','25','男',[87,78,90,-76,88,47,100,65,69,100]
text4 = '李同学','2021-8-10','29','男',[92,54,85,71,-91,68,77,68,95,95]
text5 = '特长同学','2020-10-5','20','男',[180,77,56,77,76,92,58,-91,84,69,-91]
text6 = '特长同学','2020-10-6','20','女',[230,77,56,77,76,92,58,-91,84,69,-91]
print(type(text1))
# 赋值办法1
stu_lst = [Student for i in range(6)]
for i in range(len(stu_lst)):
stu_lst[i] = Student(*eval('text'+str(i+1)))
stu_lst[i].print_stu()
# 赋值办法2
print('----------------------------')
for i in range(6):
i = eval('s'+str(i+1))
i.print_stu()知识点1：eval使用
后续改进：
'''
定义Student类，包括name、dob、age、gender和score属性，
包括top3方法用来返回学生的最大的3个成绩（可重复）、
sanitize方法用来将负的分数变为正的分数，负的分数可能是输入错误。
声明stu_list对象组数用于存储所有的学生对象。
最后输出所有的学生信息包括姓名、生日、年龄、性别、最高的3个分数。
'''
import os
class Student:
def __init__(self, name, dob, age, gender, score):
self.name = name
self.dob = dob
self.age = age
self.gender = gender
self.score = score
def top3(self):
self.sanitize()
self.score = sorted(self.score)
self.score=self.score[-3:]
def sanitize(self):
self.score = self.score.split(',')
self.score =[int(i) for i in self.score]
for i in range(len(self.score)):
if self.score[i]<0:
self.score[i]=abs(self.score[i])
def print_stu(self):
self.top3()
print("姓名："+self.name,end=' ')
print("生日："+self.dob,end=' ')
print('年龄：'+self.age,end=' ')
print('性别：'+self.gender,end=' ')
print('分数：'+str(self.score))
path = './aistudio/work'
listidr = os.listdir(path)
info_lst = []
num=0
for name in listidr:
num = num+1
if os.path.isfile(path+'/'+name):
temp = name.split('.')
(filename, filetype) = (temp.pop(0), temp.pop(0))
if filetype == 'txt':
with open(path+'/'+name,'r', encoding='UTF-8') as f:
text =f.read()
temp = tuple(text.split(',',4))
info_lst.append(temp)
stu_lst = [Student for i in range(num)]
for i in range(len(stu_lst)):
stu_lst[i] = Student(*info_lst[i])
stu_lst[i].print_stu()
知识点1：类对象数组定义
知识点2：文件读取
知识点3：内容解包
知识点4：列表排序
作业2：
数据格式如下：
stu5.txt 特长同学,2020-10-5,20,'男',180,87,98,77,76,92,58,-76,84,69,-47
stu6.txt 特长同学,2020-10-6,20,'女',230,76,48,82,88,92,58,-91,84,69,-68
以上两个txt文档在work路径下可以找到。
定义Spostudent、Artstudent为Student的子类，在子类的属性里面新增了spe为特长分数。Spostudent包括的top3方法返回的是最低的3个得分（可重复），Artstudent包括top3方法返回的是最高的3个得分（可重复），最后使用多态的方式输出2个特长同学的姓名、生日、年龄、性别、分数、特长分。
第二题的输出结果如下，供参考：
import os
class Student:
def __init__(self, name, dob, age, gender, score):
self.name = name
self.dob = dob
self.age = age
self.gender = gender
self.score = score
def sanitize(self):
self.score = self.score.split(',')
self.score = [int(i) for i in self.score]
for i in range(len(self.score)):
if self.score[i]<0:
self.score[i]=abs(self.score[i])
class Spostudent(Student):
def __init__(self, name, dob, age, gender, score,spe):
# super(Spostudent,self).__init__(spe)
Student.__init__(self,name, dob, age, gender, score)
self.spe = spe
def top3(self):
self.sanitize()
self.score = sorted(self.score)
self.score = self.score[0:3]
def print_stu(self):
self.top3()
print("姓名：" + self.name, end=' ')
print("生日：" + self.dob, end=' ')
print('年龄：' + self.age, end=' ')
print('性别：' + self.gender, end=' ')
print('分数：' + str(self.score),end='')
print('特长分：'+self.spe)
class Artstudent(Student):
def __init__(self, name, dob, age, gender, score,spe):
Student.__init__(self, name, dob, age, gender, score)
self.spe = spe
def top3(self):
self.sanitize()
self.score = sorted(self.score)
self.score = self.score[-3:]
def print_stu(self):
self.top3()
print("姓名：" + self.name, end=' ')
print("生日：" + self.dob, end=' ')
print('年龄：' + self.age, end=' ')
print('性别：' + self.gender, end=' ')
print('分数：' + str(self.score), end=' ')
print('特长分：' + self.spe)
path = './aistudio/work'
listidr = os.listdir(path)
info_lst = []
num=0
for name in listidr:
num = num+1
if os.path.isfile(path+'/'+name):
temp = name.split('.')
(filename, filetype) = (temp.pop(0), temp.pop(0))
if filetype == 'txt':
with open(path+'/'+name,'r', encoding='UTF-8') as f:
text =f.read()
temp = list(text.split(',',5))
temp[4], temp[5] = temp[5], temp[4]
if "特长" in temp[0]:
info_lst.append(temp)
stu_1 = Spostudent(*info_lst[0])
stu_1.print_stu()
stu_2 = Artstudent(*info_lst[1])
stu_2.print_stu()