写个日志请求切面,前后端甩锅更方便

最近项目进入联调阶段,服务层的接口需要和协议层进行交互,协议层需要将入参[json字符串]组装成服务层所需的json字符串,组装的过程中很容易出错。入参出错导致接口调试失败问题在联调中出现很多次,因此就想写一个请求日志切面把入参信息打印一下,同时协议层调用服务层接口名称对不上也出现了几次,通过请求日志切面就可以知道上层是否有没有发起调用,方便前后端甩锅还能拿出证据

写在前面

本篇文章是实战性的,对于切面的原理不会讲解,只会简单介绍一下切面的知识点

切面介绍

面向切面编程是一种编程范式,它作为OOP面向对象编程的一种补充,用于处理系统中分布于各个模块的横切关注点,比如事务管理权限控制缓存控制日志打印等等。
AOP把软件的功能模块分为两个部分:核心关注点和横切关注点。业务处理的主要功能为核心关注点,而非核心、需要拓展的功能为横切关注点。AOP的作用在于分离系统中的各种关注点,将核心关注点和横切关注点进行分离,使用切面有以下好处:

  • 集中处理某一关注点/横切逻辑
  • 可以很方便的添加/删除关注点
  • 侵入性少,增强代码可读性及可维护性
    因此当想打印请求日志时很容易想到切面,对控制层代码0侵入

切面的使用【基于注解】

  • @Aspect => 声明该类为一个注解类

切点注解:

  • @Pointcut => 定义一个切点,可以简化代码

通知注解:

  • @Before => 在切点之前执行代码
  • @After => 在切点之后执行代码
  • @AfterReturning => 切点返回内容后执行代码,可以对切点的返回值进行封装
  • @AfterThrowing => 切点抛出异常后执行
  • @Around => 环绕,在切点前后执行代码

动手写一个请求日志切面

  • 使用@Pointcut定义切点
    @Pointcut("execution(* your_package.controller..*(..))")
    public void requestServer() {
    }
    
    @Pointcut定义了一个切点,因为是请求日志切边,因此切点定义的是Controller包下的所有类下的方法。定义切点以后在通知注解中直接使用requestServer方法名就可以了
  • 使用@Before再切点前执行
    @Before("requestServer()")
    public void doBefore(JoinPoint joinPoint) {
        ServletRequestAttributes attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) 
    RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
        HttpServletRequest request = attributes.getRequest();
    
        LOGGER.info("===============================Start========================");
        LOGGER.info("IP                 : {}", request.getRemoteAddr());
        LOGGER.info("URL                : {}", request.getRequestURL().toString());
        LOGGER.info("HTTP Method        : {}", request.getMethod());
        LOGGER.info("Class Method       : {}.{}", joinPoint.getSignature().getDeclaringTypeName(), joinPoint.getSignature().getName());
    }
    
    在进入Controller方法前,打印出调用方IP、请求URL、HTTP请求类型、调用的方法名
  • 使用@Around打印进入控制层的入参
    @Around("requestServer()")
    public Object doAround(ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint) throws Throwable {
        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
        Object result = proceedingJoinPoint.proceed();
        LOGGER.info("Request Params       : {}", getRequestParams(proceedingJoinPoint));
        LOGGER.info("Result               : {}", result);
        LOGGER.info("Time Cost            : {} ms", System.currentTimeMillis() - start);
    
        return result;
    }
    
    打印了入参、结果以及耗时
    • getRquestParams方法
      private Map getRequestParams(ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint) {
           Map requestParams = new HashMap<>();
      
            //参数名
           String[] paramNames = ((MethodSignature)proceedingJoinPoint.getSignature()).getParameterNames();
           //参数值
           Object[] paramValues = proceedingJoinPoint.getArgs();
      
           for (int i = 0; i < paramNames.length; i++) {
               Object value = paramValues[i];
      
               //如果是文件对象
               if (value instanceof MultipartFile) {
                   MultipartFile file = (MultipartFile) value;
                   value = file.getOriginalFilename();  //获取文件名
               }
      
               requestParams.put(paramNames[i], value);
           }
      
           return requestParams;
       }
      
      通过 @PathVariable以及@RequestParam注解传递的参数无法打印出参数名,因此需要手动拼接一下参数名,同时对文件对象进行了特殊处理,只需获取文件名即可
  • @After方法调用后执行
    @After("requestServer()")
    public void doAfter(JoinPoint joinPoint) {
        LOGGER.info("===============================End========================");
    }
    

没有业务逻辑只是打印了End

  • 完整切面代码
    @Component
    @Aspect
    public class RequestLogAspect {
        private final static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RequestLogAspect.class);
    
        @Pointcut("execution(* your_package.controller..*(..))")
        public void requestServer() {
        }
    
        @Before("requestServer()")
        public void doBefore(JoinPoint joinPoint) {
            ServletRequestAttributes attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) 
    RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
            HttpServletRequest request = attributes.getRequest();
    
            LOGGER.info("===============================Start========================");
            LOGGER.info("IP                 : {}", request.getRemoteAddr());
            LOGGER.info("URL                : {}", request.getRequestURL().toString());
            LOGGER.info("HTTP Method        : {}", request.getMethod());
            LOGGER.info("Class Method       : {}.{}", joinPoint.getSignature().getDeclaringTypeName(), 
     joinPoint.getSignature().getName());
        }
    
    
        @Around("requestServer()")
        public Object doAround(ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint) throws Throwable {
            long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
            Object result = proceedingJoinPoint.proceed();
            LOGGER.info("Request Params     : {}", getRequestParams(proceedingJoinPoint));
            LOGGER.info("Result               : {}", result);
            LOGGER.info("Time Cost            : {} ms", System.currentTimeMillis() - start);
    
            return result;
        }
    
        @After("requestServer()")
        public void doAfter(JoinPoint joinPoint) {
            LOGGER.info("===============================End========================");
        }
    
        /**
         * 获取入参
         * @param proceedingJoinPoint
         *
         * @return
         * */
        private Map getRequestParams(ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint) {
            Map requestParams = new HashMap<>();
    
            //参数名
            String[] paramNames = 
    ((MethodSignature)proceedingJoinPoint.getSignature()).getParameterNames();
            //参数值
            Object[] paramValues = proceedingJoinPoint.getArgs();
    
            for (int i = 0; i < paramNames.length; i++) {
                Object value = paramValues[i];
    
                //如果是文件对象
                if (value instanceof MultipartFile) {
                    MultipartFile file = (MultipartFile) value;
                    value = file.getOriginalFilename();  //获取文件名
                }
    
                requestParams.put(paramNames[i], value);
            }
    
            return requestParams;
        }
    }
    

高并发下请求日志切面

写完以后对自己的代码很满意,但是想着可能还有完善的地方就和朋友交流了一下。emmmm


image

果然还有继续优化的地方
每个信息都打印一行,在高并发请求下确实会出现请求之间打印日志串行的问题,因为测试阶段请求数量较少没有出现串行的情况,果然生产环境才是第一发展力,能够遇到更多bug,写更健壮的代码
解决日志串行的问题只要将多行打印信息合并为一行就可以了,因此构造一个对象

  • RequestInfo.java

    @Data
    public class RequestInfo {
        private String ip;
        private String url;
        private String httpMethod;
        private String classMethod;
        private Object requestParams;
        private Object result;
        private Long timeCost;
    }
    
  • 环绕通知方法体

    @Around("requestServer()")
    public Object doAround(ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint) throws Throwable {
        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
        ServletRequestAttributes attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
        HttpServletRequest request = attributes.getRequest();
        Object result = proceedingJoinPoint.proceed();
        RequestInfo requestInfo = new RequestInfo();
                requestInfo.setIp(request.getRemoteAddr());
        requestInfo.setUrl(request.getRequestURL().toString());
        requestInfo.setHttpMethod(request.getMethod());
        requestInfo.setClassMethod(String.format("%s.%s", proceedingJoinPoint.getSignature().getDeclaringTypeName(),
                proceedingJoinPoint.getSignature().getName()));
        requestInfo.setRequestParams(getRequestParamsByProceedingJoinPoint(proceedingJoinPoint));
        requestInfo.setResult(result);
        requestInfo.setTimeCost(System.currentTimeMillis() - start);
        LOGGER.info("Request Info      : {}", JSON.toJSONString(requestInfo));
    
        return result;
    }
    

    将url、http request这些信息组装成RequestInfo对象,再序列化打印对象
    打印序列化对象结果而不是直接打印对象是因为序列化有更直观、更清晰,同时可以借助在线解析工具对结果进行解析

image

是不是还不错
在解决高并发下请求串行问题的同时添加了对异常请求信息的打印,通过使用 @AfterThrowing注解对抛出异常的方法进行处理

  • RequestErrorInfo.java

    @Data
    public class RequestErrorInfo {
        private String ip;
        private String url;
        private String httpMethod;
        private String classMethod;
        private Object requestParams;
        private RuntimeException exception;
    }
    
  • 异常通知环绕体

    @AfterThrowing(pointcut = "requestServer()", throwing = "e")
    public void doAfterThrow(JoinPoint joinPoint, RuntimeException e) {
        ServletRequestAttributes attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
        HttpServletRequest request = attributes.getRequest();
        RequestErrorInfo requestErrorInfo = new RequestErrorInfo();
        requestErrorInfo.setIp(request.getRemoteAddr());
        requestErrorInfo.setUrl(request.getRequestURL().toString());
        requestErrorInfo.setHttpMethod(request.getMethod());
        requestErrorInfo.setClassMethod(String.format("%s.%s", joinPoint.getSignature().getDeclaringTypeName(),
                joinPoint.getSignature().getName()));
        requestErrorInfo.setRequestParams(getRequestParamsByJoinPoint(joinPoint));
        requestErrorInfo.setException(e);
        LOGGER.info("Error Request Info      : {}", JSON.toJSONString(requestErrorInfo));
    }
    

    对于异常,耗时是没有意义的,因此不统计耗时,而是添加了异常的打印

最后放一下完整日志请求切面代码:

@Component
@Aspect
public class RequestLogAspect {
    private final static Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(RequestLogAspect.class);

    @Pointcut("execution(* your_package.controller..*(..))")
    public void requestServer() {
    }

    @Around("requestServer()")
    public Object doAround(ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint) throws Throwable {
        long start = System.currentTimeMillis();
        ServletRequestAttributes attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
        HttpServletRequest request = attributes.getRequest();
        Object result = proceedingJoinPoint.proceed();
        RequestInfo requestInfo = new RequestInfo();
                requestInfo.setIp(request.getRemoteAddr());
        requestInfo.setUrl(request.getRequestURL().toString());
        requestInfo.setHttpMethod(request.getMethod());
        requestInfo.setClassMethod(String.format("%s.%s", proceedingJoinPoint.getSignature().getDeclaringTypeName(),
                proceedingJoinPoint.getSignature().getName()));
        requestInfo.setRequestParams(getRequestParamsByProceedingJoinPoint(proceedingJoinPoint));
        requestInfo.setResult(result);
        requestInfo.setTimeCost(System.currentTimeMillis() - start);
        LOGGER.info("Request Info      : {}", JSON.toJSONString(requestInfo));

        return result;
    }


    @AfterThrowing(pointcut = "requestServer()", throwing = "e")
    public void doAfterThrow(JoinPoint joinPoint, RuntimeException e) {
        ServletRequestAttributes attributes = (ServletRequestAttributes) RequestContextHolder.getRequestAttributes();
        HttpServletRequest request = attributes.getRequest();
        RequestErrorInfo requestErrorInfo = new RequestErrorInfo();
        requestErrorInfo.setIp(request.getRemoteAddr());
        requestErrorInfo.setUrl(request.getRequestURL().toString());
        requestErrorInfo.setHttpMethod(request.getMethod());
        requestErrorInfo.setClassMethod(String.format("%s.%s", joinPoint.getSignature().getDeclaringTypeName(),
                joinPoint.getSignature().getName()));
        requestErrorInfo.setRequestParams(getRequestParamsByJoinPoint(joinPoint));
        requestErrorInfo.setException(e);
        LOGGER.info("Error Request Info      : {}", JSON.toJSONString(requestErrorInfo));
    }

    /**
     * 获取入参
     * @param proceedingJoinPoint
     *
     * @return
     * */
    private Map getRequestParamsByProceedingJoinPoint(ProceedingJoinPoint proceedingJoinPoint) {
        //参数名
        String[] paramNames = ((MethodSignature)proceedingJoinPoint.getSignature()).getParameterNames();
        //参数值
        Object[] paramValues = proceedingJoinPoint.getArgs();

        return buildRequestParam(paramNames, paramValues);
    }

    private Map getRequestParamsByJoinPoint(JoinPoint joinPoint) {
        //参数名
        String[] paramNames = ((MethodSignature)joinPoint.getSignature()).getParameterNames();
        //参数值
        Object[] paramValues = joinPoint.getArgs();

        return buildRequestParam(paramNames, paramValues);
    }

    private Map buildRequestParam(String[] paramNames, Object[] paramValues) {
        Map requestParams = new HashMap<>();
        for (int i = 0; i < paramNames.length; i++) {
            Object value = paramValues[i];

            //如果是文件对象
            if (value instanceof MultipartFile) {
                MultipartFile file = (MultipartFile) value;
                value = file.getOriginalFilename();  //获取文件名
            }

            requestParams.put(paramNames[i], value);
        }

        return requestParams;
    }

    @Data
    public class RequestInfo {
        private String ip;
        private String url;
        private String httpMethod;
        private String classMethod;
        private Object requestParams;
        private Object result;
        private Long timeCost;
    }

    @Data
    public class RequestErrorInfo {
        private String ip;
        private String url;
        private String httpMethod;
        private String classMethod;
        private Object requestParams;
        private RuntimeException exception;
    }
}

赶紧给你们的应用加上吧【如果没加的话】,没有日志的话,总怀疑上层出错,但是却拿不出证据

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