Linux 安装oracle10g 配置dataguard 介绍和步骤

        DataGuard是甲骨文推出的一种高可用性数据库方案，在Oracle 8i之前被称为Standby Database。从Oracle 9i开始，正式更名为Data Guard。它是在主节点与备用节点间通过日志同步来保证数据的同步，可以实现数据库快速切换与灾难性恢复。Data Guard只是在软件上对数据库进行设置，并不需要额外购买任何组件。用户能够在对主数据库影响很小的情况下，实现主备数据库的同步。而主备机之间的数据差异只限于在线日志部分，因此被不少企业用作数据容灾解决方案。（以上是度娘解释，本人理解 dataguard设计之初为异地容灾，他的应急切换能提供很好的高可用，但同时对外服务还是只有一台pridb，所以性能未有所提高）此次配置为dataguard物理备库最大性能模式。

 

1）linux操作系统安装并安装oracle10g软件

ps：主库安装数据库软件并建库，备库只需要安装oracle软件不需要建库

         以下主库简称pridb备库stydb

 

linux安装oracle10g传送门：http://blog.csdn.net/w63667329/article/details/7890172

 

本次环境：

pridb 172.25.56.149

stydb 172.25.56.150

 

2）pridb配置

 

1.查看是否开启归档模式（由于dataguard高性能需要运用到archivelog恢复stydb，所以必须开启）

archive log list

如果没有开启 需将数据库打至mount模式后开启

alter database archivelog;

alter database force logging;（开启强制归档，有时候由于语句not logging 可能未生成redolog）

生成standby controlfile

alter database create standby controlfile as '/u01/temp/standbycontrolfile.ctl';

 

 

2.查询pridb如下文件位置

 

datafile （select name from v$datafile;）

redologfile （select member from v$logfile; ）

controlfile （show parameter control_files）

spfile （show parameter spfile）

 

 

3.关闭主库shutdown immediate

 

4.把datafile standbycontrolfile redologfile spfile listener.ora tnsnames.ora passwdfile拷贝至备库相应位置（如果没有相应文件夹，新建同名文件夹）

scp/u01/oradata/WILLSON/ [email protected]:/u01/oradata/

scp standbycontrolfile.ctl [email protected]:/u01/oradata/

scp listener.ora tnsnames.ora [email protected]:/u01/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/

scp orapwWILLSON spfileWILLSON.ora [email protected]:/u01/product/10.2.0/db_1/dbs/

scp -r WILLSON/ [email protected]:/u01/admin/

 

5.配置pridb角色，配置归档日志地址，配置切换模式

 

alter system set log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(pridb,stydb)';

 

alter system set db_unique_name='pridb' scope=spfile;

 

shutdown immediate;

 

startup mount;

 

alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/oradata/archivelog VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pridb';

 

alter system set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=stydb VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=stydb';

 

alter system set log_archive_dest_state_1='enable';

 

alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2='enable';

 

 

alter system set FAL_CLIENT='pridb';

 

 

alter system set FAL_SERVER='stydb';

 

 

alter system set standby_archive_dest='/u01/oradata/archivelog';

 

 

alter system set standby_file_management='auto';

 

 

6.配置监听

 

[oracle@localhost admin]$ more listener.ora  # listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =   (SID_LIST =     (SID_DESC =       (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)       (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/product/10.2.0/db_1)       (PROGRAM = extproc)     )     (SID_DESC =            (SID_NAME = WILLSON)            (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/product/10.2.0/db_1)     )
  )

LISTENER =   (DESCRIPTION_LIST =     (DESCRIPTION =       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.25.56.149)(PORT = 1521))     )   )

 

 

 

[oracle@localhost admin]$ moretnsnames.ora  # tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
WILLSON =   (DESCRIPTION =     (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.25.56.149)(PORT = 1521))     (CONNECT_DATA =       (SERVER = DEDICATED)       (SERVICE_NAME = WILLSON)     )   )
pridb =        (DESCRIPTION =          (ADDRESS_LIST =            (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.25.56.149)(PORT = 1521))          )          (CONNECT_DATA =            (SERVER = DEDICATED)            (SERVICE_NAME = WILLSON)          )        )       stydb =        (DESCRIPTION =          (ADDRESS_LIST =            (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.25.56.150)(PORT = 1521))          )          (CONNECT_DATA =            (SERVER = DEDICATED)            (SERVICE_NAME = WILLSON)          )        )

EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =   (DESCRIPTION =     (ADDRESS_LIST =       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))     )     (CONNECT_DATA =       (SID = PLSExtProc)       (PRESENTATION = RO)     )   )

 

 

 

3)stydb配置

 

1.启动备库至mount状态（如果失败查看初始化参数文件和控制文件是否更新）

startup mount;

 

2.配置备库参数

 

alter system set log_archive_config='DG_CONFIG=(pridb,stydb)';

 

alter system set db_unique_name='stydb'scope=spfile;

 

shutdown immediate

 

startup mount

 

alter system set log_archive_dest_1='LOCATION=/u01/oradata/archivelog VALID_FOR=(ALL_LOGFILES,ALL_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=stydb';

 

alter system set log_archive_dest_2='SERVICE=pridb VALID_FOR=(ONLINE_LOGFILES,PRIMARY_ROLES) DB_UNIQUE_NAME=pridb';

 

alter system set log_archive_dest_state_1='enable';

 

 

alter system set log_archive_dest_state_2='enable';

 

 

alter system set FAL_CLIENT='stydb';

 

alter system set FAL_SERVER='pridb';

 

alter system set standby_archive_dest='/u01/oradata/archivelog';

 

alter system set standby_file_management='auto';

 

 

alter database force logging;

 

shutdown immediate

 

3.配置监听

[oracle@localhost admin]$ morelistener.ora  # listener.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/listener.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
SID_LIST_LISTENER =   (SID_LIST =     (SID_DESC =       (SID_NAME = PLSExtProc)       (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/product/10.2.0/db_1)       (PROGRAM = extproc)     )     (SID_DESC =            (SID_NAME = WILLSON)            (ORACLE_HOME = /u01/product/10.2.0/db_1)     )
  )

LISTENER =   (DESCRIPTION_LIST =     (DESCRIPTION =       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.25.56.150)(PORT = 1521))     )   )
[oracle@localhost admin]$ more tnsnames.ora  # tnsnames.ora Network Configuration File: /u01/product/10.2.0/db_1/network/admin/tnsnames.ora # Generated by Oracle configuration tools.
WILLSON =   (DESCRIPTION =     (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.25.56.150)(PORT = 1521))     (CONNECT_DATA =       (SERVER = DEDICATED)       (SERVICE_NAME = WILLSON)     )   )
pridb =        (DESCRIPTION =          (ADDRESS_LIST =            (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.25.56.149)(PORT = 1521))          )          (CONNECT_DATA =            (SERVER = DEDICATED)            (SERVICE_NAME = WILLSON)          )        )       stydb =        (DESCRIPTION =          (ADDRESS_LIST =            (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = TCP)(HOST = 172.25.56.150)(PORT = 1521))          )          (CONNECT_DATA =            (SERVER = DEDICATED)            (SERVICE_NAME = WILLSON)          )        )

EXTPROC_CONNECTION_DATA =   (DESCRIPTION =     (ADDRESS_LIST =       (ADDRESS = (PROTOCOL = IPC)(KEY = EXTPROC1))     )     (CONNECT_DATA =       (SID = PLSExtProc)       (PRESENTATION = RO)     )   )

 

 

 

 

4）测试配置

pridb：

 

alter database open;

 

select open_mode,database_role from v$database;

 

OPEN_MODE   DATABASE_ROLE ----------              ---------------- READ WRITE   PRIMARY

 

stydb

 

startup;

 

alter database recover managed standby database disconnect;

 

select open_mode,database_role from v$database;

 

OPEN_MODE  DATABASE_ROLE ----------             ---------------- MOUNTED       PHYSICAL STANDBY

 

 

同步测试：

pridb：

select sequence#,applied from v$archived_log;

stydb：

select sequence#,applied from v$archived_log;

 

 

就此oracle dataguard for linux 配置完成了，dataguard切换测试另有传送门：http://blog.csdn.net/w63667329/article/details/7900270