【雕爷学编程】Arduino动手做（199）---8x32位WS2812B全彩屏模块4

37款传感器与模块的提法，在网络上广泛流传，其实Arduino能够兼容的传感器模块肯定是不止37种的。鉴于本人手头积累了一些传感器和执行器模块，依照实践出真知（一定要动手做）的理念，以学习和交流为目的，这里准备逐一动手试试多做实验，不管成功与否，都会记录下来——小小的进步或是搞不掂的问题，希望能够抛砖引玉。

【Arduino】168种传感器模块系列实验（资料代码+仿真编程+图形编程）
实验一百九十九：WS2812B全彩RGB像素屏 8x32点阵LED显示屏 可编程硬屏模块

知识点：WS2812B主要特点
智能反接保护，电源反接不会损坏IC。
IC控制电路与LED点光源公用一个电源。
控制电路与RGB芯片集成在一个5050封装的元器件中，构成一个完整的外控像素点。
内置信号整形电路，任何一个像素点收到信号后经过波形整形再输出，保证线路波形畸变不会累加。
内置上电复位和掉电复位电路。
每个像素点的三基色颜色可实现256级亮度显示，完成16777216种颜色的全真色彩显示，扫描频率不低于400Hz/s。
串行级联接口，能通过一根信号线完成数据的接收与解码。
任意两点传传输距离在不超过5米时无需增加任何电路。
当刷新速率30帧/秒时，级联数不小于1024点。
数据发送速度可达800Kbps。
光的颜色高度一致，性价比高。

主要应用领域
LED全彩发光字灯串,LED全彩模组， LED全彩软灯条硬灯条,LED护栏管。
LED点光源,LED像素屏,LED异形屏，各种电子产品，电器设备跑马灯。

WS2812B灯屏电原理参考图

实验涉及到的几个WS2812B相关库
安装FastLED库，工具—管理库—搜索FastLED—安装
安装NeoPixel库，工具—管理库—搜索NeoPixel—安装
安装Adafruit_NeoPixel库，
下载https://github.com/adafruit/Adafruit_NeoPixel

实验开源图形编程（Mind+、编玩边学）

Arduino实验场景图

【Arduino】168种传感器模块系列实验（资料代码+仿真编程+图形编程）
实验二百一十四：WS2812B全彩RGB像素屏 8x32点阵LED显示屏 硬屏模块
项目程序之七：按键控制进入九种变幻彩灯程序

Arduino实验开源代码

/*
  【Arduino】168种传感器模块系列实验（资料代码+仿真编程+图形编程）
  实验二百一十四：WS2812B全彩RGB像素屏 8x32点阵LED显示屏 硬屏模块
  项目程序之七：按键控制进入九种变幻彩灯程序
*/

#include 
#ifdef __AVR__
#include  // Required for 16 MHz Adafruit Trinket
#endif

// Digital IO pin connected to the button. This will be driven with a
// pull-up resistor so the switch pulls the pin to ground momentarily.
// On a high -> low transition the button press logic will execute.
#define BUTTON_PIN   2

#define PIXEL_PIN    6  // Digital IO pin connected to the NeoPixels.

#define PIXEL_COUNT 256 // Number of NeoPixels

// Declare our NeoPixel strip object:
Adafruit_NeoPixel strip(PIXEL_COUNT, PIXEL_PIN, NEO_GRB + NEO_KHZ800);
// Argument 1 = Number of pixels in NeoPixel strip
// Argument 2 = Arduino pin number (most are valid)
// Argument 3 = Pixel type flags, add together as needed:
//   NEO_KHZ800  800 KHz bitstream (most NeoPixel products w/WS2812 LEDs)
//   NEO_KHZ400  400 KHz (classic 'v1' (not v2) FLORA pixels, WS2811 drivers)
//   NEO_GRB     Pixels are wired for GRB bitstream (most NeoPixel products)
//   NEO_RGB     Pixels are wired for RGB bitstream (v1 FLORA pixels, not v2)
//   NEO_RGBW    Pixels are wired for RGBW bitstream (NeoPixel RGBW products)

boolean oldState = HIGH;
int     mode     = 0;    // Currently-active animation mode, 0-9

void setup() {
  pinMode(BUTTON_PIN, INPUT_PULLUP);
  strip.begin(); // Initialize NeoPixel strip object (REQUIRED)
  strip.show();  // Initialize all pixels to 'off'
}

void loop() {
  // Get current button state.
  boolean newState = digitalRead(BUTTON_PIN);

  // Check if state changed from high to low (button press).
  if ((newState == LOW) && (oldState == HIGH)) {
    // Short delay to debounce button.
    delay(1);
    // Check if button is still low after debounce.
    newState = digitalRead(BUTTON_PIN);
    if (newState == LOW) {     // Yes, still low
      if (++mode > 8) mode = 0; // Advance to next mode, wrap around after #8
      switch (mode) {          // Start the new animation...
        case 0:
          colorWipe(strip.Color(  0,   0,   0), 50);    // Black/off
          break;
        case 1:
          colorWipe(strip.Color(255,   0,   0), 50);    // Red
          break;
        case 2:
          colorWipe(strip.Color(  0, 255,   0), 50);    // Green
          break;
        case 3:
          colorWipe(strip.Color(  0,   0, 255), 50);    // Blue
          break;
        case 4:
          theaterChase(strip.Color(127, 127, 127), 50); // White
          break;
        case 5:
          theaterChase(strip.Color(127,   0,   0), 50); // Red
          break;
        case 6:
          theaterChase(strip.Color(  0,   0, 127), 50); // Blue
          break;
        case 7:
          rainbow(10);
          break;
        case 8:
          theaterChaseRainbow(50);
          break;
      }
    }
  }

  // Set the last-read button state to the old state.
  oldState = newState;
}

// Fill strip pixels one after another with a color. Strip is NOT cleared
// first; anything there will be covered pixel by pixel. Pass in color
// (as a single 'packed' 32-bit value, which you can get by calling
// strip.Color(red, green, blue) as shown in the loop() function above),
// and a delay time (in milliseconds) between pixels.
void colorWipe(uint32_t color, int wait) {
  for (int i = 0; i < strip.numPixels(); i++) { // For each pixel in strip...
    strip.setPixelColor(i, color);         //  Set pixel's color (in RAM)
    strip.show();                          //  Update strip to match
    delay(30);                           //  Pause for a moment
  }
}

// Theater-marquee-style chasing lights. Pass in a color (32-bit value,
// a la strip.Color(r,g,b) as mentioned above), and a delay time (in ms)
// between frames.
void theaterChase(uint32_t color, int wait) {
  for (int a = 0; a < 10; a++) { // Repeat 10 times...
    for (int b = 0; b < 3; b++) { //  'b' counts from 0 to 2...
      strip.clear();         //   Set all pixels in RAM to 0 (off)
      // 'c' counts up from 'b' to end of strip in steps of 3...
      for (int c = b; c < strip.numPixels(); c += 3) {
        strip.setPixelColor(c, color); // Set pixel 'c' to value 'color'
      }
      strip.show(); // Update strip with new contents
      delay(30);  // Pause for a moment
    }
  }
}

// Rainbow cycle along whole strip. Pass delay time (in ms) between frames.
void rainbow(int wait) {
  // Hue of first pixel runs 3 complete loops through the color wheel.
  // Color wheel has a range of 65536 but it's OK if we roll over, so
  // just count from 0 to 3*65536. Adding 256 to firstPixelHue each time
  // means we'll make 3*65536/256 = 768 passes through this outer loop:
  for (long firstPixelHue = 0; firstPixelHue < 3 * 65536; firstPixelHue += 256) {
    for (int i = 0; i < strip.numPixels(); i++) { // For each pixel in strip...
      // Offset pixel hue by an amount to make one full revolution of the
      // color wheel (range of 65536) along the length of the strip
      // (strip.numPixels() steps):
      int pixelHue = firstPixelHue + (i * 65536L / strip.numPixels());
      // strip.ColorHSV() can take 1 or 3 arguments: a hue (0 to 65535) or
      // optionally add saturation and value (brightness) (each 0 to 255).
      // Here we're using just the single-argument hue variant. The result
      // is passed through strip.gamma32() to provide 'truer' colors
      // before assigning to each pixel:
      strip.setPixelColor(i, strip.gamma32(strip.ColorHSV(pixelHue)));
    }
    strip.show(); // Update strip with new contents
    delay(30);  // Pause for a moment
  }
}

// Rainbow-enhanced theater marquee. Pass delay time (in ms) between frames.
void theaterChaseRainbow(int wait) {
  int firstPixelHue = 0;     // First pixel starts at red (hue 0)
  for (int a = 0; a < 30; a++) { // Repeat 30 times...
    for (int b = 0; b < 3; b++) { //  'b' counts from 0 to 2...
      strip.clear();         //   Set all pixels in RAM to 0 (off)
      // 'c' counts up from 'b' to end of strip in increments of 3...
      for (int c = b; c < strip.numPixels(); c += 3) {
        // hue of pixel 'c' is offset by an amount to make one full
        // revolution of the color wheel (range 65536) along the length
        // of the strip (strip.numPixels() steps):
        int      hue   = firstPixelHue + c * 65536L / strip.numPixels();
        uint32_t color = strip.gamma32(strip.ColorHSV(hue)); // hue -> RGB
        strip.setPixelColor(c, color); // Set pixel 'c' to value 'color'
      }
      strip.show();                // Update strip with new contents
      delay(30);                 // Pause for a moment
      firstPixelHue += 65536 / 90; // One cycle of color wheel over 90 frames
    }
  }
}

Arduino实验场景图

【Arduino】168种传感器模块系列实验（资料代码+仿真编程+图形编程）
实验二百一十四：WS2812B全彩RGB像素屏 8x32点阵LED显示屏 硬屏模块
项目程序之八：多彩颜色调色板

Arduino实验开源代码

/*
  【Arduino】168种传感器模块系列实验（资料代码+仿真编程+图形编程）
  实验二百一十四：WS2812B全彩RGB像素屏 8x32点阵LED显示屏 硬屏模块
  项目程序之八：多彩颜色调色板
*/

#include 

#define LED_PIN     6
#define NUM_LEDS    256
#define BRIGHTNESS  23
#define LED_TYPE    WS2811
#define COLOR_ORDER GRB
CRGB leds[NUM_LEDS];

#define UPDATES_PER_SECOND 100 //定义每秒更新数

// This example shows several ways to set up and use 'palettes' of colors
// with FastLED.
//
// These compact palettes provide an easy way to re-colorize your
// animation on the fly, quickly, easily, and with low overhead.
//
// USING palettes is MUCH simpler in practice than in theory, so first just
// run this sketch, and watch the pretty lights as you then read through
// the code.  Although this sketch has eight (or more) different color schemes,
// the entire sketch compiles down to about 6.5K on AVR.
//
// FastLED provides a few pre-configured color palettes, and makes it
// extremely easy to make up your own color schemes with palettes.
//
// Some notes on the more abstract 'theory and practice' of
// FastLED compact palettes are at the bottom of this file.



CRGBPalette16 currentPalette;
TBlendType    currentBlending;

extern CRGBPalette16 myRedWhiteBluePalette;
extern const TProgmemPalette16 myRedWhiteBluePalette_p PROGMEM;


void setup() {
  delay( 3000 ); // power-up safety delay
  FastLED.addLeds<LED_TYPE, LED_PIN, COLOR_ORDER>(leds, NUM_LEDS).setCorrection( TypicalLEDStrip );
  FastLED.setBrightness(  BRIGHTNESS );
  currentPalette = RainbowColors_p;
  currentBlending = LINEARBLEND;
}


void loop()
{
  ChangePalettePeriodically();

  static uint8_t startIndex = 0;
  startIndex = startIndex + 1; /* motion speed */

  FillLEDsFromPaletteColors( startIndex);

  FastLED.show();
  FastLED.delay(1000 / UPDATES_PER_SECOND);
}

void FillLEDsFromPaletteColors( uint8_t colorIndex)
{
  uint8_t brightness = 255;

  for ( int i = 0; i < NUM_LEDS; ++i) {
    leds[i] = ColorFromPalette( currentPalette, colorIndex, brightness, currentBlending);
    colorIndex += 3;
  }
}


// There are several different palettes of colors demonstrated here.
//
// FastLED provides several 'preset' palettes: RainbowColors_p, RainbowStripeColors_p,
// OceanColors_p, CloudColors_p, LavaColors_p, ForestColors_p, and PartyColors_p.
//
// Additionally, you can manually define your own color palettes, or you can write
// code that creates color palettes on the fly.  All are shown here.

void ChangePalettePeriodically()
{
  uint8_t secondHand = (millis() / 1000) % 60;
  static uint8_t lastSecond = 99;

  if ( lastSecond != secondHand) {
    lastSecond = secondHand;
    if ( secondHand ==  0)  {
      currentPalette = RainbowColors_p;
      currentBlending = LINEARBLEND;
    }
    if ( secondHand == 10)  {
      currentPalette = RainbowStripeColors_p;
      currentBlending = NOBLEND;
    }
    if ( secondHand == 15)  {
      currentPalette = RainbowStripeColors_p;
      currentBlending = LINEARBLEND;
    }
    if ( secondHand == 20)  {
      SetupPurpleAndGreenPalette();
      currentBlending = LINEARBLEND;
    }
    if ( secondHand == 25)  {
      SetupTotallyRandomPalette();
      currentBlending = LINEARBLEND;
    }
    if ( secondHand == 30)  {
      SetupBlackAndWhiteStripedPalette();
      currentBlending = NOBLEND;
    }
    if ( secondHand == 35)  {
      SetupBlackAndWhiteStripedPalette();
      currentBlending = LINEARBLEND;
    }
    if ( secondHand == 40)  {
      currentPalette = CloudColors_p;
      currentBlending = LINEARBLEND;
    }
    if ( secondHand == 45)  {
      currentPalette = PartyColors_p;
      currentBlending = LINEARBLEND;
    }
    if ( secondHand == 50)  {
      currentPalette = myRedWhiteBluePalette_p;
      currentBlending = NOBLEND;
    }
    if ( secondHand == 55)  {
      currentPalette = myRedWhiteBluePalette_p;
      currentBlending = LINEARBLEND;
    }
  }
}

// This function fills the palette with totally random colors.
void SetupTotallyRandomPalette()
{
  for ( int i = 0; i < 16; ++i) {
    currentPalette[i] = CHSV( random8(), 255, random8());
  }
}

// This function sets up a palette of black and white stripes,
// using code.  Since the palette is effectively an array of
// sixteen CRGB colors, the various fill_* functions can be used
// to set them up.
void SetupBlackAndWhiteStripedPalette()
{
  // 'black out' all 16 palette entries...
  fill_solid( currentPalette, 16, CRGB::Black);
  // and set every fourth one to white.
  currentPalette[0] = CRGB::White;
  currentPalette[4] = CRGB::White;
  currentPalette[8] = CRGB::White;
  currentPalette[12] = CRGB::White;

}

// This function sets up a palette of purple and green stripes.
void SetupPurpleAndGreenPalette()
{
  CRGB purple = CHSV( HUE_PURPLE, 255, 255);
  CRGB green  = CHSV( HUE_GREEN, 255, 255);
  CRGB black  = CRGB::Black;

  currentPalette = CRGBPalette16(
                     green,  green,  black,  black,
                     purple, purple, black,  black,
                     green,  green,  black,  black,
                     purple, purple, black,  black );
}


// This example shows how to set up a static color palette
// which is stored in PROGMEM (flash), which is almost always more
// plentiful than RAM.  A static PROGMEM palette like this
// takes up 64 bytes of flash.
const TProgmemPalette16 myRedWhiteBluePalette_p PROGMEM =
{
  CRGB::Red,
  CRGB::Gray, // 'white' is too bright compared to red and blue
  CRGB::Blue,
  CRGB::Black,

  CRGB::Red,
  CRGB::Gray,
  CRGB::Blue,
  CRGB::Black,

  CRGB::Red,
  CRGB::Red,
  CRGB::Gray,
  CRGB::Gray,
  CRGB::Blue,
  CRGB::Blue,
  CRGB::Black,
  CRGB::Black
};

// Additional notes on FastLED compact palettes:
//
// Normally, in computer graphics, the palette (or "color lookup table")
// has 256 entries, each containing a specific 24-bit RGB color.  You can then
// index into the color palette using a simple 8-bit (one byte) value.
// A 256-entry color palette takes up 768 bytes of RAM, which on Arduino
// is quite possibly "too many" bytes.
//
// FastLED does offer traditional 256-element palettes, for setups that
// can afford the 768-byte cost in RAM.
//
// However, FastLED also offers a compact alternative.  FastLED offers
// palettes that store 16 distinct entries, but can be accessed AS IF
// they actually have 256 entries; this is accomplished by interpolating
// between the 16 explicit entries to create fifteen intermediate palette
// entries between each pair.
//
// So for example, if you set the first two explicit entries of a compact
// palette to Green (0,255,0) and Blue (0,0,255), and then retrieved
// the first sixteen entries from the virtual palette (of 256), you'd get
// Green, followed by a smooth gradient from green-to-blue, and then Blue.

Arduino实验场景图