基础排障实验
排障实验要求：
- 确保重启后服务能正常访问。
- 确保在客户机上，应用能够使用http://www.jxjz.com:8081访问。
- 确保DNS能够解析邮件服务器mail.jxjz.com。
- 确保DHCP能够保留地址192.168.100.200/24给MAC为ff-0a-ac-44-33-22的主机。
- 确保client客户机能正常的分配到192.168.100.100/24~192.168.100.210/24之间的地址。
- 确保nginx能够开启4个线程，并发量达到50000+。
- 确保PHPMyAdmin能够管理数据库。
- 确保mysql数据库能够使用用户/密码：admin/1234.com登录。
思路：
设置开机自启
解析jxjz地址 监听端口
添加一个mx记录解析到jxjz
mail MX 10 mail.jxjz.com.
修改dhcphost
修改地址池
修改nginx配置文件25000*4
查看php版本，php版本过低，需要更新版本部署符合centos7版本的php
创建mysql用户并赋予密码
yum install telnet
set type=MX
dhcp -t -cf 检查命令
一、配置DNS
经过检查DNS没有修改地址池和解析文件
vim /etc/named.conf
options {
listen-on port 53 { any; };
listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };
directory "/var/named";
dump-file "/var/named/data/cache_dump.db";
statistics-file "/var/named/data/named_stats.txt";
memstatistics-file "/var/named/data/named_mem_stats.txt";
recursing-file "/var/named/data/named.recursing";
secroots-file "/var/named/data/named.secroots";
allow-query { any; };
zone "jxjz.com" IN {
type master;
file "jxjz.com.zones";
}；cd /var/named/
[root@localhost named]# ls
data named.empty named.loopback
dynamic named.ca named.localhost slaves
没有解析文件 复制一个出来并复制归属
[root@localhost named]# cp -R named.empty jxjz.com.zones
查看归属
[root@localhost named]# ll
总用量 20
drwxrwx---. 2 root root 6 1月 26 2023 data
drwxrwx---. 2 root root 31 8月 9 2023 dynamic
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 2253 4月 5 2018 named.ca
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 239 8月 9 16:00 jxjz.com.zones
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 152 12月 15 2009 named.empty
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 152 6月 21 2007 named.localhost
-rw-r-----. 1 root root 168 12月 15 2009 named.loopback
drwxrwx---. 2 root root 6 1月 26 2023 slaves
属组应该是named所以需要修改
[root@localhost named]# ll
总用量 20
drwxrwx---. 2 root named 6 1月 26 2023 data
drwxrwx---. 2 root named 31 8月 9 2023 dynamic
-rwxr-xr-x 1 root named 239 8月 9 16:00 jxjz.com.zones
-rw-r-----. 1 root named 2253 4月 5 2018 named.ca
-rw-r-----. 1 root named 152 12月 15 2009 named.empty
-rw-r-----. 1 root named 152 6月 21 2007 named.localhost
-rw-r-----. 1 root named 168 12月 15 2009 named.loopback
drwxrwx---. 2 root named 6 1月 26 2023 slaves
修改正向解析文件并重启
vim /var/named/jxjz.com.zones
$TTL 3H
@ IN SOA jxjz.com. root.jxjz.com. (
0 ; serial
1D ; refresh
1H ; retry
1W ; expire
3H ) ; minimum
NS dns.jxjz.com.
dns A 192.168.100.150
mail A 192.168.100.150
www A 192.168.100.150
MX 10 mail.jxjz.com.
[root@localhost named]# nslookup
> www.jxjz.com
Server: 127.0.0.1
Address: 127.0.0.1#53
Name: www.jxjz.com
Address: 192.168.100.150
> ^C[root@localhost named]#
开启开机自启
[root@localhost named]# systemctl enable named
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/named.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/named.service.
二、按要求检查DHCP地址池
修改后重启dhcp并关闭开机自启
vim /etc/dhcp/dhcpd.conf
subnet 192.168.100.0 netmask 255.255.255.0 {
range 192.168.100.100 192.168.100.210;
option domain-name-servers 8.8.8.8;
option domain-name "internal.example.org";
option routers 192.168.100.1;
option broadcast-address 192.168.100.255;
default-lease-time 600;
max-lease-time 7200;
}
host fantasia {
hardware ethernet ff:0a:ac:44:33:22;
fixed-address 192.168.100.200;
}
[root@localhost named]# systemctl restart dhcpd
[root@localhost named]# systemctl enable dhcpd
Created symlink from /etc/systemd/system/multi-user.target.wants/dhcpd.service to /usr/lib/systemd/system/dhcpd.service.
[root@localhost named]#
三、修改nginx配置文件为4线程50000+
nginx -t 排语法错误第55行多个分号
vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
设置开机自启
[root@localhost named]# vim /etc/nginx/nginx.conf
worker_processes 4;
events {
worker_connections 25000;
}
server {
listen 8081;
server_name www.jxjz.com;
location ~ \.php$ {
root html;
fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
# fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME /scripts$fastcgi_script_name;
include fastcgi.conf;
}
[root@localhost html]# systemctl enable nginx
四、确保PHPMy
Admin能够管理数据库
遇到CentOS7原有php版本旧，查阅资料后得到的解决方案。
php要求版本不得低于5.6
查看当前版本
[root@cy-ed03-lvs ~]# php -v
PHP 5.4.16 (cli) (built: Apr 1 2020 04:07:17)
Copyright (c) 1997-2013 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v2.4.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2013 Zend Technologies查看相关软件包
[root@cy-ed03-lvs ~]# yum list installed | grep php
php.x86_64 5.4.16-48.el7 @base
php-cli.x86_64 5.4.16-48.el7 @base
php-common.x86_64 5.4.16-48.el7 @base
php-fpm.x86_64 5.4.16-48.el7 @base
php-mysql.x86_64 5.4.16-48.el7 @base
php-pdo.x86_64 5.4.16-48.el7 @base 更换 RPM 源 （此处只适用于CentOS7。其他版本更新RPM源方法不一致）
yum install https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm
[root@cy-ed03-lvs ~]# rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/epel-release.rpm
Retrieving https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/epel-release.rpm
warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.sPIfq2: Header V4 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 62e74ca5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
package epel-release-7-13.noarch (which is newer than epel-release-7-5.noarch) is already installed
[root@cy-ed03-lvs ~]# rpm -Uvh https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm
Retrieving https://mirror.webtatic.com/yum/el7/webtatic-release.rpm
warning: /var/tmp/rpm-tmp.olTJiE: Header V4 RSA/SHA1 Signature, key ID 62e74ca5: NOKEY
Preparing... ################################# [100%]
Updating / installing...
1:webtatic-release-7-3 ################################# [100%]停止相关服务
[root@cy-ed03-lvs ~]# systemctl stop nginx
[root@cy-ed03-lvs ~]# systemctl stop php-fpm删除软件包
[root@cy-ed03-lvs ~]# yum remove php
[root@cy-ed03-lvs ~]# yum list installed | grep php
php-cli.x86_64 5.4.16-48.el7 @base
php-common.x86_64 5.4.16-48.el7 @base
php-fpm.x86_64 5.4.16-48.el7 @base
php-mysql.x86_64 5.4.16-48.el7 @base
php-pdo.x86_64 5.4.16-48.el7 @base
[root@cy-ed03-lvs ~]# yum remove php-*
[root@cy-ed03-lvs ~]# yum list installed | grep php
[root@cy-ed03-lvs ~]#
安装软件包
[root@cy-ed03-lvs ~]# yum install php72w php72w-cli php72w-common php72w-devel php72w-embedded php72w-fpm php72w-gd php72w-mbstring php72w-mysqlnd php72w-opcache php72w-pdo php72w-xml php72w-ldap php72w-mcrypt
正在安装:
mod_php72w x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic 3.1 M
php72w-cli x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic 3.1 M
php72w-common x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic 1.3 M
php72w-devel x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic 2.8 M
php72w-embedded x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic 1.5 M
php72w-fpm x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic 1.6 M
php72w-gd x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic 142 k
php72w-ldap x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic 36 k
php72w-mbstring x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic 587 k
php72w-mysqlnd x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic 198 k
php72w-opcache x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic 247 k
php72w-pdo x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic 90 k
php72w-xml x86_64 7.2.34-1.w7 webtatic 123 k
为依赖而安装:
libargon2 x86_64 20161029-3.el7 epel 23 k
pcre-devel x86_64 8.32-17.el7 base 480 k
以下没有安装成功继续单独安装
Error downloading packages:
php72w-ldap-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.
php72w-embedded-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.
php72w-devel-7.2.34-1.w7.x86_64: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.
pcre-devel-8.32-17.el7.x86_64: [Errno 256] No more mirrors to try.
已安装:
mod_php72w.x86_64 0:7.2.34-1.w7 php72w-cli.x86_64 0:7.2.34-1.w7
php72w-devel.x86_64 0:7.2.34-1.w7 php72w-embedded.x86_64 0:7.2.34-1.w7
php72w-fpm.x86_64 0:7.2.34-1.w7 php72w-gd.x86_64 0:7.2.34-1.w7
php72w-ldap.x86_64 0:7.2.34-1.w7 php72w-mbstring.x86_64 0:7.2.34-1.w7
php72w-mysqlnd.x86_64 0:7.2.34-1.w7 php72w-opcache.x86_64 0:7.2.34-1.w7
php72w-pdo.x86_64 0:7.2.34-1.w7 php72w-xml.x86_64 0:7.2.34-1.w7
作为依赖被安装:
libargon2.x86_64 0:20161029-3.el7 pcre-devel.x86_64 0:8.32-17.el7
完毕！
重新启动相关服务，开启开机自启
[root@localhost html]# systemctl restart nginx.service
[root@localhost html]# systemctl restart php-fpm.service
[root@localhost html]# php -v
PHP 7.2.34 (cli) (built: Oct 1 2020 13:37:37) ( NTS )
Copyright (c) 1997-2018 The PHP Group
Zend Engine v3.2.0, Copyright (c) 1998-2018 Zend Technologies
with Zend OPcache v7.2.34, Copyright (c) 1999-2018, by Zend Technologies
[root@localhost html]#
systemctl enable php-fpm编辑网页
vim /usr/share/nginx/html/index.php
vim /usr/share/nginx/html/index.php
访问网页
访问成功 添加开机自启
systemctl enable mariadb
http://www.jxjz.com:8081/phpMyAdmin/
[root@localhost tmp]# systemctl restart mariadb
[root@localhost tmp]# mysqladmin -uroot password 123456
创建admin用户给密码并给所有权限
数据库验证
mysql -uadmin -h 192.168.100.150 -p'1234.com'
[root@localhost tmp]# mysql -uadmin -h 192.168.100.150 -p'1234.com'
Welcome to the MariaDB monitor. Commands end with ; or \g.
Your MariaDB connection id is 25
Server version: 5.5.68-MariaDB MariaDB Server
Copyright (c) 2000, 2018, Oracle, MariaDB Corporation Ab and others.
Type 'help;' or '\h' for help. Type '\c' to clear the current input statement.
MariaDB [(none)]>