python执行shell获取硬件参数写入mysql

最近要获取服务器各种参数，包括cpu、内存、磁盘、型号等信息。试用了Hyperic HQ、Nagios和Snmp，它们功能都挺强大的，但是于需求不是太符，亦或者太heavy。

于是乎想到用python执行shell获取这些信息，python执行shell脚本有以下三种方法：

1. os.system()

os.system('ls')
#返回结果0或者1，不能得到命令的输出

2. os.popen()

output = os.popen('ls') print output.read()
#打印出的是命令输出，但是得不到执行的返回值

3. commands.getstatusoutput()

(status, output) = commands.getstatusoutput('ls') print status, output
#打印出返回值和命令输出

可以根据需要选取其中一种方法，以下是python执行shell获取硬件参数写入mysql，并定期更新的程序：

 1 '''

 2 Created on Dec 10, 2014  3 

 4 @author: liufei  5 '''

 6 #coding=utf-8

 7 import time, sched, os, string  8 from datetime import datetime  9 import MySQLdb 10  

11 s = sched.scheduler(time.time,time.sleep) 12 

13 def event_func(): 14     try: 15         #主机名

16         name = os.popen(""" hostname """).read() 17         #cpu数目

18         cpu_num = os.popen(""" cat /proc/cpuinfo | grep processor | wc -l """).read() 19         #内存大小

20         mem = os.popen(""" free | grep Mem | awk '{print $2}' """).read() 21         #机器品牌

22         brand = os.popen(""" dmidecode | grep 'Vendor' | head -1 | awk -F: '{print $2}' """).read() 23         #型号

24         model = os.popen(""" dmidecode | grep 'Product Name' | head -1 | awk -F: '{print $2}' """).read() 25         #磁盘大小

26         storage = os.popen(""" fdisk -l | grep 'Disk /dev/sd' | awk 'BEGIN{sum=0}{sum=sum+$3}END{print sum}' """).read() 27         #mac地址

28         mac = os.popen(""" ifconfig -a | grep HWaddr | head -1 | awk '{print $5}' """).read() 29         

30     

31         

32         name = name.replace("\n","").lstrip() 33         cpu_num =  cpu_num.replace("\n","").lstrip() 34         memory_gb = round(string.atof(mem.replace("\n","").lstrip())/1000.0/1000.0, 1) 35         brand = brand.replace("\n","").lstrip() 36         model = model.replace("\n","").lstrip() 37         storage_gb = storage.replace("\n","").lstrip() 38         mac = mac.replace("\n","").lstrip() 39         

40         print name 41         print cpu_num 42         print memory_gb 43         print storage_gb 44         print brand 45         print model 46         print mac 47     

48         conn=MySQLdb.connect(host='xx.xx.xx.xx',user='USERNAME',passwd='PASSWORD',db='DBNAME',port=3306) 49         cur=conn.cursor() 50         cur.execute('select mac from servers where mac=%s',mac) 51         data = cur.fetchone() 52 

53         if data is None: 54             value = [name, brand, model, memory_gb, storage_gb, cpu_num, mac, datetime.now(), datetime.now()] 55             cur.execute("insert into servers(name, brand, model, memory_gb, storage_gb, cpu_num, mac, created_at, updated_at) values(%s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s, %s)",value) 56         else: 57             value1 = [name, brand, model, memory_gb, storage_gb, cpu_num, datetime.now(), mac] 58             cur.execute("update servers set name=%s,brand=%s,model=%s,memory_gb=%s,storage_gb=%s,cpu_num=%s, updated_at=%s where mac=%s",value1) 59            

60  conn.commit() 61  cur.close() 62  conn.close() 63         

64     except MySQLdb.Error,e: 65         print "Mysql Error %d: %s" % (e.args[0], e.args[1]) 66     

67 def perform(inc): 68  s.enter(inc,0,perform,(inc,)) 69  event_func() 70     

71 def mymain(inc=10): 72  s.enter(0,0,perform,(inc,)) 73  s.run() 74  

75 if __name__ == "__main__": 76     mymain()