如何通过SMART工具查看硬盘信息及健康状态
硬件
Windows计算机，硬盘。
软件
SMART Tool
安装后，在example文件夹（C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\Windows\Start Menu\Programs\smartmontools\smartctl Examples）下有各种使用例子，都以第一个硬盘sda为对象。
控制台中查询命令（CD至C:\Program Files\smartmontools\bin目录）：
smartctl --scan //list all hard disk
smartctl -a sda //show sda SMART information
smartctl -H sda //show sda health state (pass or fail)
遇到的问题
有时硬盘无法显示SMART信息，报出error：Smartctl open device: sdc [SAT] failed: \\.\PhysicalDrive2: Open failed, Error=5
这是因为没有Enable SMART，使用命令：smartctl -s on sda // enable SMART
或者需要Run CMD as Administrator
reference
SMART support is: Disabled
SMART Disabled. Use option -s with argument 'on' to enable it.
(override with '-T permissive' option)
使用记录：
Microsoft Windows [Version 10.0.18363.900]
(c) 2019 Microsoft Corporation. All rights reserved.
C:\WINDOWS\system32>cd C:\Program Files\smartmontools\bin
C:\Program Files\smartmontools\bin>smartctl.exe -d ata -a sdc
smartctl 7.1 2019-12-30 r5022 [x86_64-w64-mingw32-w10-1909] (sf-7.1-1)
Copyright (C) 2002-19, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Hitachi/HGST Travelstar Z5K500
Device Model: HGST HTS545050A7E680
Serial Number: 0F115C854321
Firmware Version: 0
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: [No Information Found]
Local Time is: Tue Nov 17 10:43:31 2020 CST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
Enabled status cached by OS, trying SMART RETURN STATUS cmd.
SMART support is: Disabled
SMART Disabled. Use option -s with argument 'on' to enable it.
(override with '-T permissive' option)
C:\Program Files\smartmontools\bin>smartctl.exe -s on sdc
smartctl 7.1 2019-12-30 r5022 [x86_64-w64-mingw32-w10-1909] (sf-7.1-1)
Copyright (C) 2002-19, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF ENABLE/DISABLE COMMANDS SECTION ===
SMART Enabled.
C:\Program Files\smartmontools\bin>smartctl.exe -a sdc
smartctl 7.1 2019-12-30 r5022 [x86_64-w64-mingw32-w10-1909] (sf-7.1-1)
Copyright (C) 2002-19, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Hitachi/HGST Travelstar Z5K500
Device Model: HGST HTS545050A7E680
Serial Number: TMA55CDG1A54DM
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000cca 7fed2b684
Firmware Version: GG2OAF10
User Capacity: 500,107,862,016 bytes [500 GB]
Sector Sizes: 512 bytes logical, 4096 bytes physical
Rotation Rate: 5400 rpm
Form Factor: 2.5 inches
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: ATA8-ACS T13/1699-D revision 6
SATA Version is: SATA 2.6, 6.0 Gb/s (current: 6.0 Gb/s)
Local Time is: Tue Nov 17 10:44:45 2020 CST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x00) Offline data collection activity
was never started.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Disabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 45) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 115) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x003d) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 062 Pre-fail Always - 0
2 Throughput_Performance 0x0005 100 100 040 Pre-fail Offline - 0
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0007 253 253 033 Pre-fail Always - 1
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0012 086 086 000 Old_age Always - 23111
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 005 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000b 100 100 067 Pre-fail Always - 0
8 Seek_Time_Performance 0x0005 100 100 040 Pre-fail Offline - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0012 083 083 000 Old_age Always - 7507
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 060 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 099 099 000 Old_age Always - 2682
191 G-Sense_Error_Rate 0x000a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 132
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0012 066 066 000 Old_age Always - 348530
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0002 193 193 000 Old_age Always - 31 (Min/Max 4/48)
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 92
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0022 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0008 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x000a 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
223 Load_Retry_Count 0x000a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 39226 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Error 39226 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 7504 hours (312 days + 16 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 28 50 de b5 00 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x00b5de50 = 11918928
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 40 08 38 de b5 40 00 00:08:53.824 READ FPDMA QUEUED
2f 00 01 10 00 00 00 00 00:08:53.824 READ LOG EXT
60 40 08 38 de b5 40 00 00:08:50.224 READ FPDMA QUEUED
2f 00 01 10 00 00 00 00 00:08:50.223 READ LOG EXT
60 40 08 38 de b5 40 00 00:08:46.624 READ FPDMA QUEUED
Error 39225 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 7504 hours (312 days + 16 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 28 50 de b5 00 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x00b5de50 = 11918928
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 40 08 38 de b5 40 00 00:08:50.224 READ FPDMA QUEUED
2f 00 01 10 00 00 00 00 00:08:50.223 READ LOG EXT
60 40 08 38 de b5 40 00 00:08:46.624 READ FPDMA QUEUED
2f 00 01 10 00 00 00 00 00:08:46.623 READ LOG EXT
60 40 08 38 de b5 40 00 00:08:43.024 READ FPDMA QUEUED
Error 39224 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 7504 hours (312 days + 16 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 28 50 de b5 00 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x00b5de50 = 11918928
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 40 08 38 de b5 40 00 00:08:46.624 READ FPDMA QUEUED
2f 00 01 10 00 00 00 00 00:08:46.623 READ LOG EXT
60 40 08 38 de b5 40 00 00:08:43.024 READ FPDMA QUEUED
2f 00 01 10 00 00 00 00 00:08:43.023 READ LOG EXT
60 40 08 38 de b5 40 00 00:08:39.424 READ FPDMA QUEUED
Error 39223 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 7504 hours (312 days + 16 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 28 50 de b5 00 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x00b5de50 = 11918928
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 40 08 38 de b5 40 00 00:08:43.024 READ FPDMA QUEUED
2f 00 01 10 00 00 00 00 00:08:43.023 READ LOG EXT
60 40 08 38 de b5 40 00 00:08:39.424 READ FPDMA QUEUED
2f 00 01 10 00 00 00 00 00:08:39.423 READ LOG EXT
60 40 b0 38 de b5 40 00 00:08:35.834 READ FPDMA QUEUED
Error 39222 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 7504 hours (312 days + 16 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
40 51 28 50 de b5 00 Error: UNC at LBA = 0x00b5de50 = 11918928
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
60 40 08 38 de b5 40 00 00:08:39.424 READ FPDMA QUEUED
2f 00 01 10 00 00 00 00 00:08:39.423 READ LOG EXT
60 40 b0 38 de b5 40 00 00:08:35.834 READ FPDMA QUEUED
60 08 a8 18 ba 84 40 00 00:08:35.547 READ FPDMA QUEUED
61 10 a0 e0 21 31 40 00 00:08:35.547 WRITE FPDMA QUEUED
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
No self-tests have been logged. [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
C:\Program Files\smartmontools\bin>smartctl.exe -H sdc
smartctl 7.1 2019-12-30 r5022 [x86_64-w64-mingw32-w10-1909] (sf-7.1-1)
Copyright (C) 2002-19, Bruce Allen, Christian Franke, www.smartmontools.org
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
C:\Program Files\smartmontools\bin>smartctl.exe --scan
/dev/sda -d ata # /dev/sda, ATA device
/dev/sdc -d sat # /dev/sdc [SAT], ATA device