下载安装包：
nginx: wget https://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.9.9.tar.gz
php: wget https://www.php.net/distributions/php-7.4.16.tar.gz
mysql: wget https://downloads.mysql.com/archives/get/p/23/file/mysql-5.7.33.tar.gz
升级apt库: apt-get update
nginx安装：
1、解压安装包 tar -xzvf nginx-1.9.9.tar.gz ＆ cd nginx-1.9.9
２、./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx
３、make
可能出现的错误
./configure: error: C compiler cc is not found
解决方案：
sudo apt install build-essential 该命令将安装包括gcc，g ++和make。gcc --version 验证是否安装成功
./configure: error: the HTTP rewrite module requires the PCRE library.
You can either disable the module by using --without-http_rewrite_module
option, or install the PCRE library into the system, or build the PCRE library
statically from the source with nginx by using --with-pcre=
解决方案：sudo apt install libpcre3 libpcre3-dev
./configure: error: the HTTP gzip module requires the zlib library.
You can either disable the module by using --without-http_gzip_module
option, or install the zlib library into the system, or build the zlib library
statically from the source with nginx by using --with-zlib=
解决方案：
wget http://www.zlib.net/zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz
tar -xzvf zlib-1.2.11.tar.gz
cd zlib-1.2.11
./configure
make && make install
src/core/ngx_murmurhash.c: In function ‘ngx_murmur_hash2’:
src/core/ngx_murmurhash.c:37:11: error: this statement may fall through [-Werror=implicit-fallthrough=]
37 | h ^= data[2] << 16;
| ~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
src/core/ngx_murmurhash.c:38:5: note: here
38 | case 2:
| ^~~~
src/core/ngx_murmurhash.c:39:11: error: this statement may fall through [-Werror=implicit-fallthrough=]
39 | h ^= data[1] << 8;
| ~^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
src/core/ngx_murmurhash.c:40:5: note: here
40 | case 1:
| ^~~~
cc1: all warnings being treated as errors
make[1]: *** [objs/Makefile:445：objs/src/core/ngx_murmurhash.o] 错误 1
make[1]: 离开目录“/home/yinhuakai/soft/nginx-1.9.9”
make: *** [Makefile:8：build] 错误 2
解决方案：vim objs/Makefile，去掉CFLAGS中的-Werror，再重新make。(Werror 要求gcc将所有的警告当成错误进行处理)
解决方案２：vim src/os/unix/ngx_user.c 注释该代码片段/* cd.current_salt[0] = ~salt[0];*/
4、make install
cd nginx(cd /usr/local/nginx/sbin )命令：
./nginx 启动
./nginx -s stop 关闭
./nginx -s quit 优雅不安比
./nginx -s reload 重新加载配置文件
./nginx -s reopen 重新打开日志
./nginx -t 检查nginx配置文件是否报错
在/etc/init.d/中创建nginx脚本（代码如下） 使用sysv-rc-conf --add nginx （添加到服务列表）;sysv-rc-conf nginx on;（开启自动启动）
#! /bin/sh
###BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: nginx
# Required-Start: $all
# Required-Stop: $all
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: starts the nginx web server
# Description: starts nginx using start-stop-daemon
### END INIT INFO
PATH=/usr/local/sbin:/usr/local/bin:/sbin:/bin:/usr/sbin:/usr/bin
DAEMON=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx
NAME=nginx
DESC=nginx
test -x $DAEMON || exit 0
# Include nginx defaults if available
if [ -f /etc/default/nginx ] ; then
. /etc/default/nginx
# . /usr/local/nginx/conf
fi
set -e
. /lib/lsb/init-functions
case "$1" in
start)
echo -n "Starting $DESC: "
start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile /usr/local/nginx/logs/$NAME.pid \
--exec $DAEMON -- $DAEMON_OPTS || true
echo "$NAME."
;;
stop)
echo -n "Stopping $DESC: "
start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --pidfile /usr/local/nginx/logs/$NAME.pid \
--exec $DAEMON || true
echo "$NAME."
;;
restart|force-reload)
echo -n "Restarting $DESC: "
start-stop-daemon --stop --quiet --pidfile \
/usr/local/nginx/logs/$NAME.pid --exec $DAEMON || true
sleep 1
start-stop-daemon --start --quiet --pidfile \
/usr/local/nginx/logs/$NAME.pid --exec $DAEMON -- $DAEMON_OPTS || true
echo "$NAME."
;;
reload)
echo -n "Reloading $DESC configuration: "
start-stop-daemon --stop --signal HUP --quiet --pidfile /usr/local/nginx/logs/$NAME.pid \
--exec $DAEMON || true
echo "$NAME."
;;
status)
status_of_proc -p /usr/local/nginx/logs/$NAME.pid "$DAEMON" nginx && exit 0 || exit $?
;;
*)
N=/etc/init.d/$NAME
echo "Usage: $N {start|stop|restart|reload|force-reload|status}" >&2
exit 1
;;
esac
;
exit 0
sysv-rc-conf 命令安装：
１、 如果sysv-rc-conf安装失败，则 vim /etc/apt/sources.list 在文件末尾添加：deb http://archive.ubuntu.com/ubuntu/ trusty main universe restricted multiverse
２、apt-get update
３、apt-get install sysv-rc-conf
５、sysv-rc-conf nginx 将nginx 加入到服务列表
６、sysv-rc-conf on nginx 设置nginx开机启动
mysql安装：
安装前准备
apt install cmake
wget http://www.sourceforge.net/projects/boost/files/boost/1.59.0/boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
tar -xzvf boost_1_59_0.tar.gz
mkdir -p /usr/local/boost
mv boost_1_59_0 /usr/local/boost/
apt install libssl-dev curl libcurl4-openssl-dev
apt install libncurses-dev
apt install pkg-config
apt-get install libaio-dev
apt-get install libboost-dev
apt-get install libboost-doc
1、 tar -xzvf mysql-5.7.33.tar.gz
２、cd mysql-5.7.33
3、cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/home/mysqlData -DSYSCONFDIR=/usr/local/mysql/conf -DMYSQL_USER=mysql -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 -DEXTRA_CHARSETS=all -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_DEBUG=0 -DMYSQL_MAINTAINER_MODE=0 -DWITH_SSL:STRING=bundled -DWITH_ZLIB:STRING=bundled -DDOWNLOAD_BOOST=1 -DWITH_BOOST=/usr/local/boost -DWITH_SSL=system
注：
-DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql 设置安装目录
-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/home/mysqlData 设置数据库存放目录
-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/home/mysqlData/mysql.sock 设置UNIX socket 目录
-DMYSQL_USER=mysql 设置运行用户
-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 设置默认字符集，默认latin1
-DEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci 设置默认校对规则，默认latin1_general_ci
-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 添加InnoDB引擎支持
-DENABLE_DOWNLOADS=1 自动下载可选文件，比如自动下载谷歌的测试包
-DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306 设置服务器监听端口，默认3306
-DSYSCONFDIR=/etc/mysql/conf 设置my.cnf所在目录，默认为安装目录
4、make && make install
5、 groupadd mysql 创建用户组
6、 useradd -r -g mysql -s /bin/false mysql 创建用户 且设置为非登录用户
７、初始化数据库
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql
/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup
８、cp /usr/local/mysql/support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysqld
vim mysqld
basedir=/usr/local/mysql
datadir=/home/mysqlData
9、sysv-rc-conf mysqld 添加到服务列表
10、sysv-rc-conf mysqld on 开启启动
添加到环境变量
vim /etc/profile.d/mysql.sh 写入：export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/mysql/bin
source /etc/profile 是环境变量生效
PHP安装：
安装前准备
groupadd www
useradd -r -g www -s /bin/false www
安装依赖：
apt install curl libcurl4-openssl-dev gcc make zip unzip tar openssl libssl-dev gcc libxml2 libxml2-dev libjpeg-dev libpng-dev lsof libpcre3 libpcre3-dev cron net-tools swig build-essential libffi-dev libbz2-dev libncurses-dev libsqlite3-dev libreadline-dev tk-dev libgdbm-dev libdb-dev libdb++-dev libpcap-dev xz-utils zlib1g zlib1g-dev
apt install libkrb5-dev
apt install libonig-dev
apt install libxslt-dev
１、tar -xzvf php-7.4.16.tar.gz && cd php-7.4.16.
2、./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php74 --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php74/etc --with-fpm-user=www --with-fpm-group=www --with-curl --with-freetype-dir=/usr/lib --enable-gd --with-gettext --with-kerberos --with-libdir=lib64 --with-libxml-dir --with-mysqli=mysqlnd --with-openssl --with-pcre-regex --with-pdo-mysql=mysqlnd --with-pdo-sqlite --with-pear --with-png-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-xmlrpc --with-xsl --with-mysql=mysqlnd --with-zlib --with-bz2 --with-mhash --enable-fpm --enable-bcmath --enable-libxml --enable-inline-optimization --enable-mbstring --enable-opcache --enable-pcntl --enable-shmop --enable-soap --enable-sockets --enable-sysvsem --enable-sysvshm --enable-xml --enable-zip --with-iconv-dir=/usr/local/lib
３、make && make install
４、cp php.ini-development /usr/local/php74/etc/php.ini
cd /usr/local/php74/etc/
cp php-fpm.conf.default php-fpm.conf
cd php-fpm.d/
cp www.conf.default www.conf
vim php-fpm.conf
去掉 pid = run/php-fpm.pid 之前的分好
5、vim /lib/systemd/system/php-fpm74.service 放入一下代码：
[Unit]
Description=php-fpm74
After=network.target
[Service]
Type=forking
ExecStart=/usr/local/php74/sbin/php-fpm
ExecStop=/bin/pkill -9 php-fpm
PrivateTmp=true
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target
６、vim /etc/init.d php-fpm74 放入一下代码：
#! /bin/sh
### BEGIN INIT INFO
# Provides: php-fpm
# Required-Start: $remote_fs $network
# Required-Stop: $remote_fs $network
# Default-Start: 2 3 4 5
# Default-Stop: 0 1 6
# Short-Description: starts php-fpm
# Description: starts the PHP FastCGI Process Manager daemon
### END INIT INFO
prefix=/usr/local/php74
exec_prefix=${prefix}
php_fpm_BIN=${exec_prefix}/sbin/php-fpm
php_fpm_CONF=${prefix}/etc/php-fpm.conf
php_fpm_PID=${prefix}/var/run/php-fpm.pid
php_opts="--fpm-config $php_fpm_CONF --pid $php_fpm_PID"
wait_for_pid () {
try=0
while test $try -lt 35 ; do
case "$1" in
'created')
if [ -f "$2" ] ; then
try=''
break
fi
;;
'removed')
if [ ! -f "$2" ] ; then
try=''
break
fi
;;
esac
echo -n .
try=`expr $try + 1`
sleep 1
done
}
case "$1" in
start)
echo -n "Starting php-fpm "
$php_fpm_BIN --daemonize $php_opts
if [ "$?" != 0 ] ; then
echo " failed"
exit 1
fi
wait_for_pid created $php_fpm_PID
if [ -n "$try" ] ; then
echo " failed"
exit 1
else
echo " done"
fi
;;
stop)
echo -n "Gracefully shutting down php-fpm "
if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then
echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"
exit 1
fi
kill -QUIT `cat $php_fpm_PID`
wait_for_pid removed $php_fpm_PID
if [ -n "$try" ] ; then
echo " failed. Use force-quit"
exit 1
else
echo " done"
fi
;;
status)
if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then
echo "php-fpm is stopped"
exit 0
fi
PID=`cat $php_fpm_PID`
if ps -p $PID | grep -q $PID; then
echo "php-fpm (pid $PID) is running..."
else
echo "php-fpm dead but pid file exists"
fi
;;
force-quit)
echo -n "Terminating php-fpm "
if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then
echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"
exit 1
fi
kill -TERM `cat $php_fpm_PID`
wait_for_pid removed $php_fpm_PID
if [ -n "$try" ] ; then
echo " failed"
exit 1
else
echo " done"
fi
;;
restart)
$0 stop
$0 start
;;
reload)
echo -n "Reload service php-fpm "
if [ ! -r $php_fpm_PID ] ; then
echo "warning, no pid file found - php-fpm is not running ?"
exit 1
fi
kill -USR2 `cat $php_fpm_PID`
echo " done"
;;
configtest)
$php_fpm_BIN -t
;;
*)
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop|force-quit|restart|reload|status|configtest}"
exit 1
;;
esac
7、重载进程 systemctl daemon-reload
８、加到服务列表且设置开启自启 ：sysv-rc-conf php-fpm74 ＆ sysv-rc-conf php-fpm74 on
９、设置环境变量
添加到环境变量
vim /etc/profile.d/php.sh 写入：export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/php74/bin
source /etc/profile 是环境变量生效