斯坦福大学SCI写作课程2 Cutting clutter

课程 2 Cut the clutter

1. Cut the clutter, more tricks

(1) Eliminate negatives (turn to positve)
not honest -- dishonest
not harmful -- safe
does not have -- lacks
(2) Eliminate there are/there is
There was a long line of bacteria on the plate. -- Bacteria lined the plate.
The data confirm that there is an association between vegetables and cancer.
-- The data confirm an association between vegetables and cancer.
(3) Omit needless preposotions (on, that...)
They agreed that it was true. -- They agreed it was true.

2. Practice cutting clutter

(1) Anti-inflammatory drugs may be protectective for the occurence of Alzheimer's Disease.
先自己尝试修改
-- Anti-inflammatory drugs may protectect against Alzheimer's Disease.
(2) Clinical seizures have been estimated to occur in 0.5% to 2.3% of the neonatal population.
先自己尝试修改
-- Clinical seizures occur in 0.5% to 2.3% of newborns. (0.5%-2.3%是一个范围，暗示是一个估计值)
(3) Ultimately p53 guards not only against malignant transformation but also plays a role in developmental processes as diverse as aging, differentiation, and fertility.
先自己尝试修改
-- Besides preventing cancer, p53 play roles in aging, differentiation, and fertility.
(4) Injuries to the brain and spinal cord have long been known to be among the most devastating and expensive of all injuries to treat medically.
先自己尝试修改
-- Injuries to the brain and spinal cord are among the most devastating and expensive. (treat medically 与expensive重复)
(5) An IQ test measures an individual's abilities to perform functions that usually fall in the domains of verbal communication, reasoning, and performance on tasks that present motor and spatial capablities.
先自己尝试修改
-- An IQ test measures an individual's verbal, reasoning, or motor and spatial capablities.
(6) As we can see from Figure 2, if the return kinetic energy is less than 3.2 U, there will be two electron trajectories associated with this kinetic energy.
先自己尝试修改
-- Figure 2 shows that a return kinetic energy less than 3.2 U yields two electron trajectories.

课后作业

答
案
倒
数
5
4
3
2
1
：
use, if, to, until, because