HCIP（BGP综合小实验）

目录

一、实验题目

二、实验思路

三、实验步骤

3.1 配置接口IP与环回

3.2 在AS2区域启动IGP协议OSPF，使AS2区域全网通

3.3 在AS1与AS2，AS3与AS2区域间做EBG协议

3.4 AS2区域中做联邦，反射从而打破BGP水平分割

3.5 在BGP中宣告网段

四、测试

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一、实验题目

实验要求：

1，R2-R7每台路由器均存在一个环回接口用于建立邻居；同时还存在一个环回来代表连接用户的接口；最终这些连接用户的接口网络需要可以和R1/R8的环回通讯

2，AS2网段地址172.16.0.0/16 减少路由条目

二、实验思路

1，划分网段并合理规划合法IP地址，如上图所示

2，启动OSPF协议实现AS2区域全网互通

3，分别在哪AS1、AS2、AS3区域间做EBG协议

4，在AS2中做联邦与反射，打破BGP协议的水平分割

5，每个路由器宣告网段，实现全网通

三、实验步骤

3.1 配置接口IP与环回

R1:
[r1]int lo0
[r1-LoopBack0]ip add 1.1.1.1 24
[r1-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.1 24
[r1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q
R2:
[r2]int lo0
[r2-LoopBack0]ip add 192.16.224.1 22
[r2-LoopBack0]int lo1
[r2-LoopBack1]ip add 192.16.0.1 22
[r2-LoopBack1]int g0/0/0
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 12.1.1.2 24
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.16.32.1 19
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 192.16.160.1 19
[r2-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q
R3:
[r3]int lo0
[r3-LoopBack0]ip add 192.16.228.1 22
[r3-LoopBack0]int lo1
[r3-LoopBack1]ip add 192.16.4.1 22
[r3-LoopBack1]int g0/0/0
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.16.32.2 19
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.16.64.1 19 
[r3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
R4:
[r4]int lo0
[r4-LoopBack0]ip add 192.16.232.1 22
[r4-LoopBack0]int lo1
[r4-LoopBack1]ip add 192.16.8.1 22
[r4-LoopBack1]int g0/0/0
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.16.64.2 19
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.16.192.1 19
[r4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
R5:
[r5]int lo0
[r5-LoopBack0]ip add 192.16.236.1 22
[r5-LoopBack0]int lo1
[r5-LoopBack1]ip add 192.16.12.1 22
[r5-LoopBack1]int g0/0/0
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.16.160.2 19
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.16.96.1 19
[r5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q
R6:
[r6]int lo0
[r6-LoopBack0]ip add 192.16.240.1 22
[r6-LoopBack0]int lo1
[r6-LoopBack1]ip add 192.16.16.1 22
[r6-LoopBack1]int g0/0/0
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.16.96.2 19
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.16.128.1 19
[r6-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]q 
R7:
[r7]int lo0
[r7-LoopBack0]ip add 192.16.244.1  22
[r7-LoopBack0]int lo1
[r7-LoopBack1]ip add 192.16.20.1 22
[r7-LoopBack1]int g0/0/0
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 192.16.128.1 19 
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip add 192.16.192.2 19
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip add 23.1.1.1 24 
[r7-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]q
R8:
[r8]int lo0
[r8-LoopBack0]ip add 8.8.8.8 24
[r8-LoopBack0]int g0/0/0
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip add 23.1.1.2 24 
[r8-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]q

3.2 在AS2区域启动IGP协议OSPF，使AS2区域全网通

R2:
[r2]ospf 1 router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-ospf-1]a 0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.16.32.1 0.0.0.0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.16.160.1 0.0.0.0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.16.0.1 0.0.0.0
[r2-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.16.224.1 0.0.0.0
R3:
[r3]ospf 1 router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-ospf-1]a 0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.16.32.2 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.16.64.1 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.16.4.1 0.0.0.0
[r3-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.16.228.1 0.0.0.0
R4:
[r4]ospf 1 router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-ospf-1]a 0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.16.64.2 0.0.0.0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.16.192.1 0.0.0.0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.16.232.1 0.0.0.0
[r4-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.16.8.1 0.0.0.0
R5:
[r5]ospf 1 router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-ospf-1]a 0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.16.160.2 0.0.0.0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.16.96.1 0.0.0.0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.16.236.1 0.0.0.0
[r5-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.16.12.1 0.0.0.0
R6:
[r6]ospf 1 router-id 6.6.6.6
[r6-ospf-1]a 0
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.16.96.2 0.0.0.0 
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.16.128.1 0.0.0.0
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.16.16.1 0.0.0.0
[r6-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.16.240.1 0.0.0.0
R7:
[r7]ospf 1 router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-ospf-1]a 0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.16.128.2 0.0.0.0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.16.192.2 0.0.0.0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.16.224.1 0.0.0.0
[r7-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0]network 192.16.20.1 0.0.0.0

3.3 在AS1与AS2，AS3与AS2区域间做EBG协议

R1:
[r1]bgp 1
[r1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-bgp]peer 12.1.1.2 as-number 2
R2:
[r2]bgp 2
[r2-bgp]router-id 2.2.2.2
[r2-bgp]peer 12.1.1.1 as-number 1
R7:
[r7]bgp 2
[r7-bgp]router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-bgp]peer 8.8.8.8 as-number 3
[r7-bgp]peer 8.8.8.8 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r7-bgp]peer 8.8.8.8 ebgp-max-hop 2
R8:
[r8]bgp 3
[r8-bgp]router-id 8.8.8.8
[r8-bgp]peer 192.16.244.1 as-number 2
[r8-bgp]peer 192.16.244.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r8-bgp]peer 192.16.244.1 ebgp-max-hop 2

3.4 AS2区域中做联邦，反射从而打破BGP水平分割

R1:
[r1]bgp 1
[r1-bgp]router-id 1.1.1.1
[r1-bgp]peer 12.1.1.2 as-number 2
R2:
[r2]bgp 64512
[r2-bgp]router-id 2.2.2.2 
[r2-bgp]confederation id 2
[r2-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513 
[r2-bgp]peer 12.1.1.1 as-number           
[r2-bgp]peer 192.16.228.1 as-number 64512
[r2-bgp]peer 192.16.228.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r2-bgp]peer 192.16.236.1 as-number 64513
[r2-bgp]peer 192.16.236.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r2-bgp]peer 192.16.236.1 ebgp-max-hop 2
R3:
[r3]bgp 64512
[r3-bgp]router-id 3.3.3.3
[r3-bgp]confederation id 2
[r3-bgp]peer 192.16.224.1 as-number 64512
[r3-bgp]peer 192.16.224.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r3-bgp]peer 192.16.232.1 as-number 64512
[r3-bgp]peer 192.16.232.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
反射：
[r3-bgp]peer 192.16.224.1 reflect-client 
R4:
[r4]bgp 64512
[r4-bgp]router-id 4.4.4.4
[r4-bgp]confederation id 2
[r4-bgp]confederation peer-as 64513
[r4-bgp]peer 192.16.228.1 as-number 64512          
[r4-bgp]peer 192.16.244.1 as-number 64513 
[r4-bgp]peer 192.16.244.1 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r4-bgp]peer 192.16.244.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r4-bgp]peer 192.16.228.1 ebgp-max-hop 2
R5:
[r5]bgp 64513
[r5-bgp]router-id 5.5.5.5
[r5-bgp]confederation id 2
[r5-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[r5-bgp]peer 192.16.224.1 as-number 64512
[r5-bgp]peer 192.16.224.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r5-bgp]peer 192.16.224.1 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r5-bgp]peer 192.16.240.1 as-number 64513
[r5-bgp]peer 192.16.240.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
R6:
[r6]bgp 64513
[r6-bgp]router-id 6.6.6.6               
[r6-bgp]confederation id 2
[r6-bgp]peer 192.16.236.1 as-number 64513o
[r6-bgp]peer 192.16.236.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r6-bgp]peer 192.16.244.1 as-number 64513
[r6-bgp]peer 192.16.244.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
反射：
[r6-bgp]peer 192.16.236.1 reflect-client
R7:
[r7]bgp 64513
[r7-bgp]router-id 7.7.7.7
[r7-bgp]confederation id 2
[r7-bgp]confederation peer-as 64512
[r7-bgp]peer 192.16.232.1 as-number 64512
[r7-bgp]peer 192.16.232.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r7-bgp]peer 192.16.232.1 ebgp-max-hop 2
[r7-bgp]peer 192.16.240.1 as-number 64513
[r7-bgp]peer 192.16.240.1 connect-interface LoopBack 0
[r7-bgp]peer 23.1.1.2 as-number 3
R8:
[r8]bgp 3
[r8-bgp]router-id 8.8.8.8
[r8-bgp]peer 192.16.244.1 as-number 2
[r8-bgp]peer 23.1.1.1 as-number 2  

3.5 在BGP中宣告网段

基于AS-BY-AS规则，路由条目在同一个AS区域内传递时不修改路由条目属性，使通过IBGP邻居学习到的BGP路由无法抵达下一跳，则在R2/R7上修改下一跳为本地与R3/R6建邻的源IP地址

R2：
[r2-bgp]peer 192.16.228.1 next-hop-local
R7:
[r7-bgp]peer 192.16.240.1 next-hop-local

四、测试

R2的BGP表：

R3pingR1环回：

R2pingR7环回：