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本期来聊聊「X-BLD」逻辑
1.故障现象
737NG飞机,偶尔会碰到起飞爬升过程中,机组反映发动机参数正常,某一台发动机N2指示框上出现X-BLD指示。
偶尔也有在关车后出现的,如下图,两台发动机N2指示框上都有X-BLD指示:
很明显,这是一个假的指示。
然而,更令人惊奇的是……
AMM&FIM&SSM&WDM,翻遍了哪一本手册,都没能找到X-BLD出现的条件和逻辑。
唯一知道的是:
In flight, an amber X-BLD START message appears above the N2 indication if starter assist is required.
2.故障原理
问波音后,得知X-BLD出现的逻辑如下:
The exact logic schematics of the information processed by the DEU cannot be provided. The DEU looks at: Air/Ground, Start Lever, Fire Handle, Altitude, Airspeed, and N2.
The X-BLD message will be displayed if the subject engine fuel control switch is in cutoff and the aircraft is in the cross bleed start envelope; or if the engine's N2 RPM falls below the minimum windmilling N2 speed; which is 11% N2.
The X-BLD message is driven by the DEU and one of the logic requirements is dependent on the air seeking air/ground relays. If one of the air seeking air/ground relays sends a signal that the airplane is in air, it is possible that the X-BLD message may appear. The X-BLD message requires the engine fuel control switch to be in cutoff and that the engine fire switch not be pulled, before it determines whether the engine or air data parameters are within the X-BLD envelope.
总结如下,当飞机在空中,且下列条件都满足时,X-BLD出现:
1. 飞机在空中
2. 发动机灭火手柄未拉出,发动机起动手柄在CUTOFF位,当前在交输引气起动包线内;或N2转速降低至最低风车起动转速以下(11%)
所以,可以看出,当发动机参数正常时,如果出现X-BLD信息:
1. 飞机在空中时出现,最可能是发动机起动手柄信号问题,本来在IDLE位,DEU的信号是CUTOFF位。
2. 飞机在地面关车后出现,最可能是空地信号问题,此时DEU得到的空地信号还是飞机在空中,而且此时一般都是双发同时出现X-BLD信息。
3.排故总结
如果发动机参数正常,可与机组沟通是一个假故障,航后排故。
故障处理可先看EEC和PSEU自检代码,没有可参考FIM 76-05 TASK 809排故。
X-BLD Indication Displayed Over N2 Indicator during Normal A/C Operations - Fault Isolation:
X-BLD message illuminates over Engine N2 indicator during normal operations and when engine start lever is in the IDLE or RUN position.
这个FIM主要针对的是空中出现的情况,可能原因:
1. 起动手柄A通道继电器, R566(L)或 R568(R)
2. DEU1或DEU2及线路
3. EEC
4. 起动手柄电门组件
一般继电器或起动手柄电门可能性较大。
对于地面关车后出现的故障,PSEU空地信号可能性较大,可以采取整机断电,或者复位PSEU跳开关:
P6-2:
C15-HYD SYS LDG GR SYS XFR VALVE SEC
C16-HYD SYS LDG GR SYS XFR VALVE PRI
P6-3:
B17-LANDING GEAR LATCH & PRESS WARN
C15-LANDING GEAR AIR/GND SYS 2
C16-LANDING GEAR AIR/GND SYS 1
D1-PSEU PRI
D2-PSEU ALTN
问题:
我们平时在PSEU上人工将飞机置于空地模式时,为什么不会出现此信息呢?
SSM31-62-14
去SSM32-09-11/12里可以看到PSEU给DEU的空地信号逻辑:
逻辑信号之前有一个非门。
在AMM TASK 32-09-00-860-801,Put the Airplane in the Air Mode里,开始有如下提醒:
NOTE:
Using the PSEU BITE procedure to simulate air mode is the recommended method.Using deactuators or jacking the airplane are the alternate methods. The use of deactuators or jacking the airplane will cause nuisance faults.
这个故障本身排故其实很简单
关键要搞清楚背后的逻辑
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