window7使用手册

安装

#方式1：Windows 更新 

# 检查是否已装
# 开始”按钮、右键单击“计算机”，然后选择“属性”

# 检查系统位数
# 方式1：
# 选择“开始”按钮、右键单击“计算机”，然后选择“属性”。
# 方式2：
# Windows 徽标键 + R，键入“winver”，然后选择“确定”。
# 方式3：
# 开始-“控制面板”-性能信息和工具-“查看和打印详细的性能和系统信息”


# 检查可用空间
基于 x86（32 位）： 750 MB
基于 x64（64 位）： 1050 MB

# 备份重要文件（推荐）
# 将重要的文件、照片和视频备份到外部硬盘、U 盘或云

# 插电源连网络
# 确保电脑已接通电源，并且已连接到 Internet。

# 禁防病毒软件

# 设置安装更新
# 开始-“控制面板”-“Windows 更新”-自动更新-检查更新-适用于 Microsoft Windows 的 Service Pack (KB976932)

# 开防病毒软件

# 修复更新错误
# https://support.microsoft.com/zh-cn/help/10164/fix-windows-update-errors

#方式2：从 Microsoft 下载中心下载并安装 Windows SP1

激活

# 情景：充分利用个性化和其他功能

# 辨别系统真假

# 查找产品密钥
# https://support.microsoft.com/zh-cn/help/10749/windows-10-find-product-key

# 激活所装系统
#2 方式1：联网的方式
# 选择“开始”按钮、右键单击“计算机”，然后选择“属性”。选择“立即激活 Windows”


# 参考：https://support.microsoft.com/zh-cn/help/15083/windows-how-to-activate

联网

# 连无线网络
#2 宽带网络连接

#2 调制解调器连

#2 设置无线路由器
#3 位置：
#3 连线：
#3 安全：信号覆盖范围+用户账号密码+密钥加密类型+密钥密码+用防火墙

#2 无线网络适配器


#连有限网络
# https://support.microsoft.com/zh-cn/help/10164/fix-windows-update-errors


# 管家庭网络
# 创建家庭组
# 单击“开始” 按钮、单击“控制面板” 、在搜索框中键入“家庭组” ，然后单击“家庭组” 。单击“创建家庭组” 。

# 修改家庭组
#2 加入某家庭组
#2 单击“开始” 按钮、单击“控制面板” 、在搜索框中键入“家庭组” ，然后单击“家庭组” 。单击“立即加入” 。

#2 共享内容设置


# 删除家庭组

# 创远程连接
# https://support.microsoft.com/zh-cn/help/17463/windows-7-connect-to-another-computer-remote-desktop-connection

# 查看电脑地址
# 方式1：
# “开始”-“控制面板”，打开网络连接。在搜索框中，键入“适配器”，然后在“网络和共享中心”下，选择“查看网络连接”。

# 更改 TCP/IP 设置

设备

性能

# 优化
# 尝试性能疑难解答
# “开始”-“控制面板”。在搜索框中，键入“疑难解答”，然后单击“疑难解答”。在“系统和安全”下，单击“检查性能问题”

# 删除从不用的程序

# 限启动时运行程序

# 手动整理硬盘碎片

# 清理硬盘增容加速

# 不同时运行多程序

# 关闭某些视觉效果

# 让计算机定期重启

# 增加更多的内存条

# 查病毒和间谍软件

# 查计算机体验指数

# 更改虚拟内存大小

媒体

修复

安全

# 更改 Windows 密码
Ctrl+Alt+Delete

文件

# 压缩
# 解压

# 隐藏
# 显示

账户

# “开始”-“控制面板”-“用户帐户”-用户帐户-“管理用户帐户”

# 创建账户

# 删除账户

# 修改账户

# 创建密码

# 删除密码

# 修改密码

# 创建群组

# 删除群组

命令

# 查看帮助
$ help

查看帮助

$ help 
For more information on a specific command, type HELP command-name
ASSOC          Displays or modifies file extension associations.
ATTRIB         Displays or changes file attributes.
BREAK          Sets or clears extended CTRL+C checking.
BCDEDIT        Sets properties in boot database to control boot loading.
CACLS          Displays or modifies access control lists (ACLs) of files.
CALL           Calls one batch program from another.
CD             Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
CHCP           Displays or sets the active code page number.
CHDIR          Displays the name of or changes the current directory.
CHKDSK         Checks a disk and displays a status report.
CHKNTFS        Displays or modifies the checking of disk at boot time.
CLS            Clears the screen.
CMD            Starts a new instance of the Windows command interpreter.
COLOR          Sets the default console foreground and background colors.
COMP           Compares the contents of two files or sets of files.
COMPACT        Displays or alters the compression of files on NTFS partitions.
CONVERT        Converts FAT volumes to NTFS.  You cannot convert the
               current drive.
COPY           Copies one or more files to another location.
DATE           Displays or sets the date.
DEL            Deletes one or more files.
DIR            Displays a list of files and subdirectories in a directory.
DISKCOMP       Compares the contents of two floppy disks.
DISKCOPY       Copies the contents of one floppy disk to another.
DISKPART       Displays or configures Disk Partition properties.
DOSKEY         Edits command lines, recalls Windows commands, and 
               creates macros.
DRIVERQUERY    Displays current device driver status and properties.
ECHO           Displays messages, or turns command echoing on or off.
ENDLOCAL       Ends localization of environment changes in a batch file.
ERASE          Deletes one or more files.
EXIT           Quits the CMD.EXE program (command interpreter).
FC             Compares two files or sets of files, and displays the 
               differences between them.
FIND           Searches for a text string in a file or files.
FINDSTR        Searches for strings in files.
FOR            Runs a specified command for each file in a set of files.
FORMAT         Formats a disk for use with Windows.
FSUTIL         Displays or configures the file system properties.
FTYPE          Displays or modifies file types used in file extension 
               associations.
GOTO           Directs the Windows command interpreter to a labeled line in 
               a batch program.
GPRESULT       Displays Group Policy information for machine or user.
GRAFTABL       Enables Windows to display an extended character set in 
               graphics mode.
HELP           Provides Help information for Windows commands.
ICACLS         Display, modify, backup, or restore ACLs for files and 
               directories.
IF             Performs conditional processing in batch programs.
LABEL          Creates, changes, or deletes the volume label of a disk.
MD             Creates a directory.
MKDIR          Creates a directory.
MKLINK         Creates Symbolic Links and Hard Links
MODE           Configures a system device.
MORE           Displays output one screen at a time.
MOVE           Moves one or more files from one directory to another 
               directory.
OPENFILES      Displays files opened by remote users for a file share.
PATH           Displays or sets a search path for executable files.
PAUSE          Suspends processing of a batch file and displays a message.
POPD           Restores the previous value of the current directory saved by 
               PUSHD.
PRINT          Prints a text file.
PROMPT         Changes the Windows command prompt.
PUSHD          Saves the current directory then changes it.
RD             Removes a directory.
RECOVER        Recovers readable information from a bad or defective disk.
REM            Records comments (remarks) in batch files or CONFIG.SYS.
REN            Renames a file or files.
RENAME         Renames a file or files.
REPLACE        Replaces files.
RMDIR          Removes a directory.
ROBOCOPY       Advanced utility to copy files and directory trees
SET            Displays, sets, or removes Windows environment variables.
SETLOCAL       Begins localization of environment changes in a batch file.
SC             Displays or configures services (background processes).
SCHTASKS       Schedules commands and programs to run on a computer.
SHIFT          Shifts the position of replaceable parameters in batch files.
SHUTDOWN       Allows proper local or remote shutdown of machine.
SORT           Sorts input.
START          Starts a separate window to run a specified program or command.
SUBST          Associates a path with a drive letter.
SYSTEMINFO     Displays machine specific properties and configuration.
TASKLIST       Displays all currently running tasks including services.
TASKKILL       Kill or stop a running process or application.
TIME           Displays or sets the system time.
TITLE          Sets the window title for a CMD.EXE session.
TREE           Graphically displays the directory structure of a drive or 
               path.
TYPE           Displays the contents of a text file.
VER            Displays the Windows version.
VERIFY         Tells Windows whether to verify that your files are written
               correctly to a disk.
VOL            Displays a disk volume label and serial number.
XCOPY          Copies files and directory trees.
WMIC           Displays WMI information inside interactive command shell.

For more information on tools see the command-line reference in the online help.

常用命令

# 目文管理
#2 语法：DIR [drive:][path][filename] [/A[[:]attributes]] [/B] [/C] [/D] [/L] [/N]
# [/O[[:]sortorder]] [/P] [/Q] [/R] [/S] [/T[[:]timefield]] [/W] [/X] [/4]
#2 参数：
#3 指定属性：/A
#4 只读文件：R
#4 隐藏文件：H
#4 系统文件：S
#4 归档文件：A
#4 非索引件：I
#4 支持目录：D
#4 表示否定：-

#3 指定顺序：/O
#4 按照名字：N
#4 按照后缀：E
#4 按照群组：G
#4 按照大小：S
#4 按照日期：D
#4 表示反序：-
#3 显示所属：/Q
#3 用裸格式：/B
#3 显千分位：/C
#3 使用小写：/L
#3 全局列式：/W
#3 全局列式：/D
#3 插入短名：/N
#3 短名：/X
#3 /R
#3 /S
#3 /T
#2 查看
$ dir /O:N
$ dir /O:E
$ dir /O:G
$ dir /O:S
$ dir /O:D
$ dir /O:-D

# 文缀管理
#2 语法：ASSOC [.ext[=[fileType]]]
#2 查看
$ assoc .txt
$ assoc .jpg
$ assoc .mp3
$ assoc .avi
$ assoc .mp4
$ assoc .flv
$ assoc .ttf
#2 修改

# 文件属性
#2 语法：
ATTRIB [+R | -R] [+A | -A ] [+S | -S] [+H | -H] [+I | -I] 
       [drive:][path][filename] [/S [/D] [/L]]
#2 参数
#3 添加属性：+
#3 移除属性：-
#3 只读属性：R
#3 归档文件：A 
#3 系统文件：S
#3 隐藏文件：H
#3 非索引件：I
#3 遍历目录：/S
#3 处理目录：/D
#3 处理链接：/L
#2 查看
$ 
#2 修改

# 开机配置

# 访问控制：access control lists (ACLs)
#2 语法：CACLS filename [/T] [/M] [/L] [/S[:SDDL]] [/E] [/C] [/G user:perm]
# [/R user [...]] [/P user:perm [...]] [/D user [...]]
#2 语法：ICACLS

开机配置

#2 查看帮助
#3 语法：bcdedit.exe /? 
$ bcdedit.exe /? /createstore
$ bcdedit.exe /? /export
$ bcdedit.exe /? /import
$ bcdedit.exe /? /sysstore

# 仓库管理
#2 创建仓库(创建)
#3 查看命令：bcdedit.exe /? /createstore

#2 导出配置(备份)
#3 查看命令：bcdedit.exe /? /export

#2 导入配置(恢复)
#3 查看命令：bcdedit.exe /? /import

#2 添加

#2 删除

#2 编辑

#2 追加

# 入口管理
#2 复制入口
#3 查看命令：bcdedit /? /copy

#2 创建入口
#3 查看命令：bcdedit /? /create

#2 删除入口
#3 查看命令：bcdedit /? /delete
#2 创建镜像
#3 查看命令：bcdedit /? /mirror

# 入口选项
#2 删除
#3 查看命令：bcdedit /? /deletevalue

#2 设置
#3 查看命令：bcdedit /? /set

# 输出控制
#2 列出入口：/enum 
#2 完整标识：/v 

# 管启动器
#2 启动序列：/bootsequence
#2 默认入口：/default
#2 显示顺序：/displayorder
#2 超时时间：/timeout 

# 急救管理
#2 为启动程序开关急救服务：/bootems
#2 为系统入口开关急救服务：/ems
#2 为急救服务设置变量参数：/emssettings

# 调试管理
#2 为启动程序开关调试：/bootdebug 
#2 为系统入口开关调试：/debug
#2 为调试设置全局参数：/dbgsettings
#2 为超级用户设置参数：/hypervisorsettings