Although antimatter bombs have a huge annihilation capability in theory, there are still some technical challenges that cannot be surmountable. For one thing, making enough antimatter cheaply remains a challenge. Second, stockpiling antimatter is technically difficult. How to store enough antimatter in a small space, such as a bottle, rather than in a powerful electromagnetic field. In fact, antimatter is not as powerful as some scientists have portrayed it to be, because there are still six major problems in the academic study of antimatter that need to be further studied and substantial breakthroughs can be made.
The six questions are as follows: First, the nature of the energy exchange between electricity and magnetism is still unknown. According to this view, the artificial acquisition of antimatter and its applications is untenable. Second, matter cannot bind antimatter. The idea is that the obtained antimatter is not really antimatter. Third, artificial magnetic fields make it difficult to bind antimatter. The idea is that antimatter, trapped in strong artificial electromagnetic fields, is prone to risk. Fourth, antimatter is unidirectional and irreversible. According to this view, the antimatter bomb will kill the stockholder when the stockpile equipment expires and has no chance to use it. Fifth, you can't make antimatter out of positive matter. The idea is that it is impossible to find antimatter in the presence of matter. Sixth, the mechanism of annihilation is unknown. This view holds that there is no essential understanding of the annihilation mechanism of matter and antimatter in the annihilation process.
The biggest obstacle to building antimatter weapons is the generation and storage of antimatter. One gram of antimatter annihilated with one gram of normal matter could produce 180 trillion joules of energy, equivalent to 43,000 tons of TNT (about three times the energy of the atomic bomb dropped on Hiroshima). But with current technology, it takes expensive, massive particle accelerators and energy equivalent to the total electricity consumption of a large city to capture tiny amounts of antimatter, which is extremely difficult to preserve. Even CERN, which runs today's largest particle accelerator, would take four billion years to produce a gram of antimatter.
But there are three technical difficulties that cannot be surpassed:
First, the principle of conservation of energy cannot be overridden. For the amount of matter to be annihilated must be accompanied by an equal amount of antimatter, and although the energy release of an antimatter bomb is more powerful than that of an atomic bomb, a certain stockpile of antimatter bombs, especially antimatter, is required before an antimatter bomb has any deterrent effect. So, given today's technological capabilities, it would be a fool's game to attempt to destroy a whole nation with antimatter bombs.
Second, the stockpile of antimatter bombs is technically difficult to surpass. As we all know, even nuclear weapons are safe if they are contained, packaged and put in place. Unlike ordinary matter, however, antimatter requires strong magnetic energy to hold it in place. However, strong and uninterrupted magnetic field energy requires not only more advanced and reliable equipment, but also powerful electrical energy to maintain. Therefore, the application of so-called antimatter bombs is not so easy.
Third, the infallible safety of antimatter bombs is hard to beat. Because technology is risky, once out of control, it is not as simple as "shooting ourselves in the foot", and the first destruction is not others, but the operator himself.
The energy of nuclear fusion is greater than that of nuclear fission, and the energy released by the annihilation of positive and anti-matter is even greater than that of nuclear fusion. Anti matter bombs can be as small as 1 kilogram of TNT or as large as 1 trillion tons of TNT. The antimatter bomb, which can destroy a large planet directly, is the true name of the planet bomb. With a single antimatter bomb guaranteed to destroy the planet, it will become increasingly difficult to ensure survival.
One millionth of a gram of antiprotons annihilating protons releases the same energy as 37.8 kilograms of TNT. But human science and technology would cost $6 billion to produce a billionth of a gram of antimatter. The cost of antimatter bombs is extremely high. The energy released by a few micrograms of antimatter can be used as the trigger of thermonuclear reaction, or can stimulate a strong X-ray or gamma ray laser. Therefore, antimatter has a very broad application prospect in the military field, and has become the focus of research in various countries.
The U.S. military is secretly developing "proton bombs" that use antimatter as ammunition, and has invested a lot of money in the effort. Back in 1983, the US RAND Corporation spent $2 million on a feasibility study for the US Air Force to produce and use 10 trillion antiprotons per second.
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