Linux通过Apt-Get安装Yum命令

背景：

前言：上篇文章教大家如何使用阿里云服务器去学习Linux操作系统的基本操作，再也不用本地搭建虚拟机环境学习Linux了。

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问题

当我们在Xshell控制台输入yum后会发现操作系统居然没有安装yum，没有yum也就无法安装一些常见的软件包，因此yum的安装是十分必要的。

yum

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安装方法：

通过Apt-Get安装Yum命令

首先在控制台执行如下命令

apt-get install yum

此时通常情况下并不会顺利安装，如果控制台输出如下信息：

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
E: Unable to locate package yum

则说明安装出现问题，需要更新一下APT库。

更新APT库需要执行如下命令：

apt-get update
apt-get upgrade

打印出类似如下信息则说明更新成功

Get:20 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu bionic-updates/universe Translation-en [397 kB]
Get:21 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main Sources [277 kB]
Get:22 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe Sources [300 kB]
Get:23 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main i386 Packages [1,216 kB]
Get:24 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main amd64 Packages [2,336 kB]
Get:25 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu bionic-security/main Translation-en [406 kB]
Get:26 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe i386 Packages [1,030 kB]
Get:27 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe amd64 Packages [1,218 kB]
Get:28 http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/ubuntu bionic-security/universe Translation-en [280 kB]
Get:29 http://packages.microsoft.com/repos/code stable/main arm64 Packages [97.1 kB] 
Get:30 http://packages.microsoft.com/repos/code stable/main amd64 Packages [96.0 kB]
Get:31 http://packages.microsoft.com/repos/code stable/main armhf Packages [96.7 kB]
Fetched 51.8 MB in 10s (5,299 kB/s)                                                                                                                    
Reading package lists... Done

此时在执行命令apt-get upgrade便可安装，如果出现选择项目[Y/n]选择y即可。

Yum命令安装完成后，你会发现使用yum无法正常安装软件，因为没有配置Yum源，是不能正常安装软件的。

进入Yum配置目录

cd /etc/yum/repos.d

创建Yum配置源

vi CentOS-Base.repo

输入以下内容(这里使用的CentOS-7.9.2009的源)

# CentOS-Base.repo
#
# The mirror system uses the connecting IP address of the client and the
# update status of each mirror to pick mirrors that are updated to and
# geographically close to the client.  You should use this for CentOS updates
# unless you are manually picking other mirrors.
#
# If the mirrorlist= does not work for you, as a fall back you can try the 
# remarked out baseurl= line instead.
#
#
 
[base]
name=CentOS-7.9.2009 - Base
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7.9.2009/os/$basearch/
        https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7.9.2009/os/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#released updates 
[updates]
name=CentOS-7.9.2009 - Updates
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/updates/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7.9.2009/updates/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7.9.2009/updates/$basearch/
		https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7.9.2009/updates/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#additional packages that may be useful
[extras]
name=CentOS-7.9.2009 - Extras
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/extras/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7.9.2009/extras/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7.9.2009/extras/$basearch/
        https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7.9.2009/extras/$basearch/
enabled=1
gpgcheck=1
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#additional packages that extend functionality of existing packages
[centosplus]
name=CentOS-7.9.2009 - Plus
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/centosplus/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7.9.2009/centosplus/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7.9.2009/centosplus/$basearch/
        https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/centos/7.9.2009/centosplus/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7
 
#contrib - packages by Centos Users
[contrib]
name=CentOS-7.9.2009 - Contrib - mirrors.aliyun.com
failovermethod=priority
baseurl=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/7.9.2009/contrib/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.aliyuncs.com/centos/7.9.2009/contrib/$basearch/
        http://mirrors.cloud.aliyuncs.com/centos/7.9.2009/contrib/$basearch/
gpgcheck=1
enabled=0
gpgkey=http://mirrors.aliyun.com/centos/RPM-GPG-KEY-CentOS-7

esc退出，shift+:输入wq(保存并退出)

好了，此时再用yum可以正常安装软件了！