Docker-compose 容器编排

1. 是什么

Compose 是 Docker 公司推出的一个工具软件,可以管理多个 Docker 容器组成一个应用。你需要定义一个 YAML 格式的配置文件docker-compose.yml,写好多个容器之间的调用关系。然后,只要一个命令,就能同时启动/关闭这些容器

2. 能干啥

 docker建议我们每一个容器中只运行一个服务,因为docker容器本身占用资源极少,所以最好是将每个服务单独的分割开来但是这样我们又面临了一个问题?

 

如果我需要同时部署好多个服务,难道要每个服务单独写Dockerfile然后在构建镜像,构建容器,这样累都累死了,所以docker官方给我们提供了docker-compose多服务部署的工具

 

例如要实现一个Web微服务项目,除了Web服务容器本身,往往还需要再加上后端的数据库mysql服务容器,redis服务器,注册中心eureka,甚至还包括负载均衡容器等等。。。。。。

 

Compose允许用户通过一个单独的docker-compose.yml模板文件(YAML 格式)来定义一组相关联的应用容器为一个项目(project)。

 

可以很容易地用一个配置文件定义一个多容器的应用,然后使用一条指令安装这个应用的所有依赖,完成构建。Docker-Compose 解决了容器与容器之间如何管理编排的问题。

3. 去哪下

1. 官网

Compose file version 3 reference | Docker Docs

2. 官网下载

Overview of installing Docker Compose | Docker Docs

3. 安装步骤

curl -L "https://github.com/docker/compose/releases/download/1.29.2/docker-compose-$(uname -s)-$(uname -m)" -o /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

chmod +x /usr/local/bin/docker-compose

docker-compose --version

Docker-compose 容器编排_第1张图片

4. 卸载步骤

Docker-compose 容器编排_第2张图片

4. compose核心概念

4.1 一文件

docker-compose.yml

4.2 两要素

1. 服务

一个个的应用容器实例,比如订单微服务,库存微服务,mysql容器,nginx容器,或者redis容器

2. 工程

由一组关联的应用容器组成的一个完整业务单元,在docker-compose.yml文件中定义

5. compose使用的三个步骤

1. 编写Dockerfile定义各个微服务应用并构建出对应的镜像文件

2. 使用 docker-compose.yml定义一个完整业务单元,安排好整体应用中的各个容器服务

3. 最后,执行docker-compose up命令来启动并运行整个应用程序,完成一键部署上线

6. compose常用命令

Compose常用命令

docker-compose -h                           # 查看帮助

docker-compose up                           # 启动所有docker-compose服务

docker-compose up -d                        # 启动所有docker-compose服务并后台运行

docker-compose down                         # 停止并删除容器、网络、卷、镜像。

docker-compose exec  yml里面的服务id                 # 进入容器实例内部  docker-compose exec docker-compose.yml文件中写的服务id /bin/bash

docker-compose ps                      # 展示当前docker-compose编排过的运行的所有容器

docker-compose top                     # 展示当前docker-compose编排过的容器进程

 

docker-compose logs  yml里面的服务id     # 查看容器输出日志

docker-compose config     # 检查配置

docker-compose config -q  # 检查配置,有问题才有输出

docker-compose restart   # 重启服务

docker-compose start     # 启动服务

docker-compose stop      # 停止服务

 

7. compose编排微服务

7.1 改造升级微服务工程docker_root

7.1.1 以前的基础模板

Docker-compose 容器编排_第3张图片

7.1.2 sql建表建库

CREATE TABLE `t_user` (

  `id` int(10) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

  `username` varchar(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '用户名',

  `password` varchar(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '密码',

  `sex` tinyint(4) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '性别 0=女 1=男 ',

  `deleted` tinyint(4) unsigned NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '删除标志,默认0不删除,1删除',

  `update_time` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '更新时间',

  `create_time` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间',

  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)

) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8 COMMENT='用户表'

 

7.1.3 一键生成说明

7.1.4 改写pom

xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         
xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0modelVersion>
    <parent>
        <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parentartifactId>
        <version>2.5.6version>
        
        
<relativePath/> 
    
parent>

    <groupId>com.atguigu.dockergroupId>
    <artifactId>docker_bootartifactId>
    <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOTversion>

    <properties>
        <project.build.sourceEncoding>UTF-8project.build.sourceEncoding>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8maven.compiler.target>
        <junit.version>4.12junit.version>
        <log4j.version>1.2.17log4j.version>
        <lombok.version>1.16.18lombok.version>
        <mysql.version>5.1.47mysql.version>
        <druid.version>1.1.16druid.version>
        <mapper.version>4.1.5mapper.version>
        <mybatis.spring.boot.version>1.3.0mybatis.spring.boot.version>
    properties>

    <dependencies>
        
        
<dependency>
            <groupId>com.google.guavagroupId>
            <artifactId>guavaartifactId>
            <version>23.0version>
        dependency>
        
        
<dependency>
            <groupId>org.redissongroupId>
            <artifactId>redissonartifactId>
            <version>3.13.4version>
        dependency>
        
        
<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-webartifactId>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuatorartifactId>
        dependency>
        
        
<dependency>
            <groupId>io.springfoxgroupId>
            <artifactId>springfox-swagger2artifactId>
            <version>2.9.2version>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>io.springfoxgroupId>
            <artifactId>springfox-swagger-uiartifactId>
            <version>2.9.2version>
        dependency>
        
        
<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-redisartifactId>
        dependency>
        
        
<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-cacheartifactId>
        dependency>
        
        
<dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.commonsgroupId>
            <artifactId>commons-pool2artifactId>
        dependency>
        
        
<dependency>
            <groupId>redis.clientsgroupId>
            <artifactId>jedisartifactId>
            <version>3.1.0version>
        dependency>
        
        
<dependency>
            <groupId>mysqlgroupId>
            <artifactId>mysql-connector-javaartifactId>
            <version>5.1.47version>
        dependency>
        
        
<dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
            <artifactId>druid-spring-boot-starterartifactId>
            <version>1.1.10version>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>com.alibabagroupId>
            <artifactId>druidartifactId>
            <version>${druid.version}version>
        dependency>
        
        
<dependency>
            <groupId>org.mybatis.spring.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starterartifactId>
            <version>${mybatis.spring.boot.version}version>
        dependency>
        
        
<dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-amqpartifactId>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>commons-codecgroupId>
            <artifactId>commons-codecartifactId>
            <version>1.10version>
        dependency>
        
       
        
<dependency>
            <groupId>cn.hutoolgroupId>
            <artifactId>hutool-allartifactId>
            <version>5.2.3version>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>junitgroupId>
            <artifactId>junitartifactId>
            <version>${junit.version}version>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-devtoolsartifactId>
            <scope>runtimescope>
            <optional>trueoptional>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-testartifactId>
            <scope>testscope>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>log4jgroupId>
            <artifactId>log4jartifactId>
            <version>${log4j.version}version>
        dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.projectlombokgroupId>
            <artifactId>lombokartifactId>
            <version>${lombok.version}version>
            <optional>trueoptional>
        dependency>
        
        
<dependency>
            <groupId>javax.persistencegroupId>
            <artifactId>persistence-apiartifactId>
            <version>1.0.2version>
        dependency>
        
        
<dependency>
            <groupId>tk.mybatisgroupId>
            <artifactId>mapperartifactId>
            <version>${mapper.version}version>
        dependency>
    dependencies>

    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.springframework.bootgroupId>
                <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-pluginartifactId>
            plugin>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.pluginsgroupId>
                <artifactId>maven-resources-pluginartifactId>
                <version>3.1.0version>
            plugin>
        plugins>
    build>

project>
 

7.1.5 写yml

server.port=6001
# ========================alibaba.druid相关配置=====================
spring.datasource.type=com.alibaba.druid.pool.DruidDataSource
spring.datasource.driver-class-name=com.mysql.jdbc.Driver
spring.datasource.url=jdbc:mysql://192.168.111.169:3306/db2021?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=utf-8&useSSL=false
spring.datasource.username=root
spring.datasource.password=123456
spring.datasource.druid.test-while-idle=false
# ========================redis相关配置=====================
spring.redis.database=0
spring.redis.host=192.168.111.169
spring.redis.port=6379
spring.redis.password=
spring.redis.lettuce.pool.max-active=8
spring.redis.lettuce.pool.max-wait=-1ms
spring.redis.lettuce.pool.max-idle=8
spring.redis.lettuce.pool.min-idle=0
# ========================mybatis相关配置===================
mybatis.mapper-locations=classpath:mapper/*.xml
mybatis.type-aliases-package=com.atguigu.docker.entities
# ========================swagger=====================
spring.swagger2.enabled=true

7.1.6 主启动

package com.atguigu.docker;

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import tk.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;

@SpringBootApplication
@MapperScan("com.atguigu.docker.mapper"//import tk.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
public class DockerBootApplication
{
    public static void main(String[] args)
    {
        SpringApplication.run(DockerBootApplication.class, args);
    }

}

7.1.7 业务类

1. config配置类

2. 新建entity

3. 新建mapper

4. 新建service

5. 新建controller

7.1.8 mvm package 命令将微服务形成新的jar包并上传到linux服务器 /mydocker 目录下

7.1.9 编写dockerfile

# 基础镜像使用java

FROM java:8

# 作者

MAINTAINER zzyy

# VOLUME 指定临时文件目录为/tmp,在主机/var/lib/docker目录下创建了一个临时文件并链接到容器的/tmp

VOLUME /tmp

# 将jar包添加到容器中并更名为zzyy_docker.jar

ADD docker_boot-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar zzyy_docker.jar

# 运行jar包

RUN bash -c 'touch /zzyy_docker.jar'

ENTRYPOINT ["java","-jar","/zzyy_docker.jar"]

#暴露6001端口作为微服务

EXPOSE 6001

 

7.1.10 构建镜像

docker build -t zzyy_docker:1.6 .

7.2 不用compose

7.2.1 单独的mysql容器实例

docker run -p 3306:3306 --name mysql57 --privileged=true -v /zzyyuse/mysql/conf:/etc/mysql/conf.d -v /zzyyuse/mysql/logs:/logs -v /zzyyuse/mysql/data:/var/lib/mysql -e MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD=123456 -d mysql:5.7

7.2.2 单独的redis实例

docker run  -p 6379:6379 --name redis608 --privileged=true -v /app/redis/redis.conf:/etc/redis/redis.conf -v /app/redis/data:/data -d redis:6.0.8 redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf

7.2.3 微服务工程

 docker run -d -p 6001:6001 zzyy_docker:1.6

7.2.4 上面的容器实例一次启动成功

Docker-compose 容器编排_第4张图片

7.3 swagger测试

http://localhost:你的微服务端口/swagger-ui.html#/

7.4 成功了,有哪些问题?

1. 先后顺序要固定,先启动mysql+redis才能访问微服务

2. 多个run命令启动容器

3. 容器间的启停或宕机,有可能导致IP地址对应的容器实例变化,映射出错要么生产iP写死(可以但是不推荐),要么通过服务调用

7.5 使用compose

7.5.1 服务编排

7.5.2 编写docker-compose.yml文件

version: "3"

services:

  microService:

    image: zzyy_docker:1.6

    container_name: ms01

    ports:

      - "6001:6001"

    volumes:

      - /app/microService:/data

    networks: 

      - atguigu_net 

    depends_on: 

      - redis

      - mysql

  redis:

    image: redis:6.0.8

    ports:

      - "6379:6379"

    volumes:

      - /app/redis/redis.conf:/etc/redis/redis.conf

      - /app/redis/data:/data

    networks: 

      - atguigu_net

    command: redis-server /etc/redis/redis.conf

  mysql:

    image: mysql:5.7

    environment:

      MYSQL_ROOT_PASSWORD: '123456'

      MYSQL_ALLOW_EMPTY_PASSWORD: 'no'

      MYSQL_DATABASE: 'db2021'

      MYSQL_USER: 'zzyy'

      MYSQL_PASSWORD: 'zzyy123'

    ports:

       - "3306:3306"

    volumes:

       - /app/mysql/db:/var/lib/mysql

       - /app/mysql/conf/my.cnf:/etc/my.cnf

       - /app/mysql/init:/docker-entrypoint-initdb.d

    networks:

      - atguigu_net

    command: --default-authentication-plugin=mysql_native_password #解决外部无法访问

networks: 

   atguigu_net: 

7.5.3 执行 docker-compose up或者执行 docker-compose up -d

Docker-compose 容器编排_第5张图片

 

7.5.4 进入mysql容器实例并新建库db2021+新建表t_user 

docker exec -it 容器实例id /bin/bash

mysql -uroot -p

create database db2021;

use db2021;

CREATE TABLE `t_user` (

  `id` INT(10) UNSIGNED NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT,

  `username` VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '用户名',

  `password` VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL DEFAULT '' COMMENT '密码',

  `sex` TINYINT(4) NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '性别 0=女 1=男 ',

  `deleted` TINYINT(4) UNSIGNED NOT NULL DEFAULT '0' COMMENT '删除标志,默认0不删除,1删除',

  `update_time` TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '更新时间',

  `create_time` TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT '创建时间',

  PRIMARY KEY (`id`)

) ENGINE=INNODB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT='用户表';

7.5.5 compose 常用命令

Compose常用命令

docker-compose -h                           # 查看帮助

docker-compose up                           # 启动所有docker-compose服务

docker-compose up -d                        # 启动所有docker-compose服务并后台运行

docker-compose down                         # 停止并删除容器、网络、卷、镜像。

docker-compose exec  yml里面的服务id                 # 进入容器实例内部  docker-compose exec docker-compose.yml文件中写的服务id /bin/bash

docker-compose ps                      # 展示当前docker-compose编排过的运行的所有容器

docker-compose top                     # 展示当前docker-compose编排过的容器进程

 

docker-compose logs  yml里面的服务id     # 查看容器输出日志

dokcer-compose config     # 检查配置

dokcer-compose config -q  # 检查配置,有问题才有输出

docker-compose restart   # 重启服务

docker-compose start     # 启动服务

docker-compose stop      # 停止服务

7.5.6 停止

Docker-compose 容器编排_第6张图片

 

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