SpringBoot集成ShedLock分布式定时任务

---

前言

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一、背景

在项目服务是集群部署的时候，代码在每个人都会有定时任务，但是如果让每个节点都去跑定时任务是不大合适的。SpringBoot 中的 ShedLock 可以很好解决这个问题，下面我将为大家详细介绍 SpringBoot 如何集成 ShedLock，而 ShedLock 又是如何实现分布式定时的。

二、ShedLock是什么？

官方地址

以下是ShedLock锁提供者，通过外部存储实现锁，由下图可知外部存储集成的库还是很丰富:

本篇教程我们基于JdbcTemplate存储为例来使用ShedLock锁。

三、落地实现

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1.1 引入依赖包

1.1 shedlock所需依赖包：

<!-- web工程依赖包 -->
>
    >org.springframework.boot>
    >spring-boot-starter-web>
>

>
    >net.javacrumbs.shedlock>
    >shedlock-spring>
    >4.2.0>
>
 <!--每个外部存储实例所需依赖包不一样，这里是jdbc-->
>
    >net.javacrumbs.shedlock>
    >shedlock-provider-jdbc-template>
    >4.2.0>
>

>
    >org.springframework.boot>
    >spring-boot-starter-jdbc>
>
>
    >mysql>
    >mysql-connector-java>
    >runtime>
>

依赖包树形图：

1.2 配置数据库连接信息

server:
  port: 8105
spring:
  datasource:
    url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/testjdbc?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai
    username: root
    password: 123456
    driver-class-name: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.Driver
    type: com.mysql.cj.jdbc.MysqlDataSource

1.3 创建Mysql数据表

CREATE TABLE `shedlock` (
	`name`  varchar(64) NOT NULL COMMENT 'name' ,
	`lock_until`  timestamp(3) NULL DEFAULT NULL ,
	`locked_at`  timestamp(3) NULL DEFAULT NULL ,
	`locked_by`  varchar(255) NULL DEFAULT NULL ,
	PRIMARY KEY (`name`)
)
ENGINE=InnoDB
DEFAULT CHARACTER SET=utf8mb4 COLLATE=utf8mb4_0900_ai_ci
ROW_FORMAT=DYNAMIC
;

1.4 配置LockProvider

ShedLockConfig.java:

import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.core.LockProvider;
import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.provider.jdbctemplate.JdbcTemplateLockProvider;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import javax.annotation.Resource;
import javax.sql.DataSource;
/**
 * @description: Shedlock集成Jdbc配置类
 */
@Component
public class ShedLockConfig {
    @Resource
    private DataSource dataSource;

    @Bean
    private LockProvider lockProvider() {
        return new JdbcTemplateLockProvider(dataSource);
    }
}

springboot主启动类MerakQuartzApplication：

import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.spring.annotation.EnableSchedulerLock;
import org.mybatis.spring.annotation.MapperScan;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;
import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.security.servlet.SecurityAutoConfiguration;
import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableAsync;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.EnableScheduling;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskExecutor;
import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.ThreadPoolTaskScheduler;
import java.util.concurrent.Executor;
import java.util.concurrent.ThreadPoolExecutor;

/**
 * @author chenjun
 * @version 1.0
 * @ClassName: MerakQuartzApplication
 * @description: 工单任务调度
 */
// 开启定时器
@EnableScheduling
// 开启定时任务锁，指定一个默认的锁的时间30秒
@EnableSchedulerLock(defaultLockAtMostFor = "PT30S")
@EnableAsync
@MapperScan(basePackages = {"com.merak.hyper.automation.persist.**.mapper"})
@SpringBootApplication(scanBasePackages = {"com.merak.hyper.automation.**"}, exclude = {SecurityAutoConfiguration.class})
public class MerakQuartzApplication {
    public static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(MerakQuartzApplication.class);

    public static void main(String[] args) {
        SpringApplication.run(MerakQuartzApplication.class, args);
    }

    private int taskSchedulerCorePoolSize = 15;
    private int awaitTerminationSeconds = 60;
    private String threadNamePrefix = "taskExecutor-";

    /**
     * @description: 实例化ThreadPoolTaskScheduler对象，用于创建ScheduledFuture scheduledFuture
     */
    @Bean
    public ThreadPoolTaskScheduler threadPoolTaskScheduler() {
        ThreadPoolTaskScheduler taskScheduler = new ThreadPoolTaskScheduler();
        taskScheduler.setPoolSize(taskSchedulerCorePoolSize);
        taskScheduler.setThreadNamePrefix(threadNamePrefix);
        taskScheduler.setWaitForTasksToCompleteOnShutdown(false);
        taskScheduler.setAwaitTerminationSeconds(awaitTerminationSeconds);
        /**需要实例化线程*/
        taskScheduler.initialize();
//        isinitialized = true;
        log.info("初始化ThreadPoolTaskScheduler ThreadNamePrefix=" + threadNamePrefix + ",PoolSize=" + taskSchedulerCorePoolSize
                + ",awaitTerminationSeconds=" + awaitTerminationSeconds);
        return taskScheduler;
    }

    /**
     * @description: 实例化ThreadPoolTaskExecutor对象，管理线程
     */
    @Bean("asyncTaskExecutor")
    public Executor taskExecutor() {
        ThreadPoolTaskExecutor taskExecutor = new ThreadPoolTaskExecutor();
        taskExecutor.setCorePoolSize(5);
        taskExecutor.setMaxPoolSize(50);
        taskExecutor.setQueueCapacity(200);
        taskExecutor.setKeepAliveSeconds(60);
        taskExecutor.setThreadNamePrefix("asyncTaskExecutor-");
        taskExecutor.setWaitForTasksToCompleteOnShutdown(true);
        taskExecutor.setAwaitTerminationSeconds(60);
        //修改拒绝策略为使用当前线程执行
        taskExecutor.setRejectedExecutionHandler(new ThreadPoolExecutor.CallerRunsPolicy());
        //初始化线程池
        taskExecutor.initialize();
        return taskExecutor;
    }
}

1.5 创建定时Job

DigitalEmpTask：

package com.merak.hyper.automation.quartz.task;
import net.javacrumbs.shedlock.spring.annotation.SchedulerLock;
import org.slf4j.Logger;
import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;
import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Value;
import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;
import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;
import java.util.List;
/**
 * @author chenjun
 * @version 1.0
 * @ClassName: BizOrderTask
 * @description: 任务队列服务调度
 */
@Component
public class DigitalEmpTask {
    public static final Logger log = LoggerFactory.getLogger(DigitalEmpTask.class);
 
    @Scheduled(cron = "0/30 * * * * ?")
    @SchedulerLock(name = "digitalEmpTaskScheduler", lockAtMostFor = "PT25S", lockAtLeastFor = "PT25S")
    protected void digitalEmpTaskScheduler() {
        log.info("云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:" + DateUtils.dateTimeNow(DateUtils.YYYY_MM_DD_HH_MM_SS));
        try { 
        } catch (Exception e) {
            log.error("云执行调度中心1调度失败，原因：" + e.getMessage());
        }  
    }
}

四、结果分析

1.分别启动两个服务节点，配置如下：

server:
  port: 12105
  servlet:
    context-path: /automation-quartz-one

server:
  port: 12106
  servlet:
    context-path: /automation-quartz-two

2.运行日志(片断）

节点automation-quartz-one 运行日志：
2023-02-22 12:01:00.143 [taskExecutor-1] INFO  <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:01:00
2023-02-22 12:05:00.114 [taskExecutor-3] INFO  <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:05:00
2023-02-22 12:05:30.122 [taskExecutor-6] INFO  <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:05:30
2023-02-22 12:19:30.110 [taskExecutor-3] INFO  <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:19:30

节点automation-quartz-two运行日志：
2023-02-22 12:01:30.109 [taskExecutor-3] INFO  <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:01:30
2023-02-22 12:02:00.101 [taskExecutor-1] INFO  <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:02:00
2023-02-22 12:02:30.105 [taskExecutor-2] INFO  <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:02:30
2023-02-22 12:03:00.118 [taskExecutor-3] INFO  <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:03:00
2023-02-22 12:03:30.101 [taskExecutor-4] INFO  <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:03:30
2023-02-22 12:04:00.110 [taskExecutor-1] INFO  <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:04:00
2023-02-22 12:04:30.111 [taskExecutor-5] INFO  <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:04:30
2023-02-22 12:06:00.114 [taskExecutor-13] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:06:00
2023-02-22 12:06:30.108 [taskExecutor-14] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:06:30
2023-02-22 12:07:00.114 [taskExecutor-15] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:07:00
2023-02-22 12:07:30.115 [taskExecutor-1] INFO  <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:07:30
2023-02-22 12:08:00.102 [taskExecutor-5] INFO  <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:08:00
2023-02-22 12:08:30.103 [taskExecutor-11] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:08:30
2023-02-22 12:09:00.099 [taskExecutor-6] INFO  <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:09:00
2023-02-22 12:09:30.113 [taskExecutor-3] INFO  <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:09:30
2023-02-22 12:10:00.107 [taskExecutor-7] INFO  <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:10:00
2023-02-22 12:10:30.110 [taskExecutor-15] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:10:30
2023-02-22 12:11:00.111 [taskExecutor-1] INFO  <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:11:00
2023-02-22 12:11:30.100 [taskExecutor-5] INFO  <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:11:30
2023-02-22 12:12:00.112 [taskExecutor-11] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:12:00
2023-02-22 12:12:30.102 [taskExecutor-6] INFO  <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:12:30
2023-02-22 12:13:00.097 [taskExecutor-3] INFO  <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:13:00
2023-02-22 12:13:30.107 [taskExecutor-14] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:13:30
2023-02-22 12:14:00.111 [taskExecutor-4] INFO  <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:14:00
2023-02-22 12:14:30.106 [taskExecutor-8] INFO  <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:14:30
2023-02-22 12:15:00.095 [taskExecutor-9] INFO  <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:15:00
2023-02-22 12:15:30.101 [taskExecutor-10] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:15:30
2023-02-22 12:16:00.105 [taskExecutor-2] INFO  <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:16:00
2023-02-22 12:16:30.130 [taskExecutor-12] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:16:30
2023-02-22 12:17:00.107 [taskExecutor-13] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:17:00
2023-02-22 12:17:30.113 [taskExecutor-7] INFO  <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:17:30
2023-02-22 12:18:00.104 [taskExecutor-15] INFO <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:18:00
2023-02-22 12:18:30.112 [taskExecutor-1] INFO  <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:18:30
2023-02-22 12:19:00.103 [taskExecutor-5] INFO  <DigitalEmpTask:46> - 云执行调度中心1:任务开始执行,时间:2023-02-22 12:19:00

3、shedlock表记录信息：