Python web3.eth api调用
Python web3.eth api调用
1.简介
web3.eth api主要提供erc20链内查询方法
2.常用web3.eth API
eth.hashrate
链节点当前时间每秒产生HX数量
'''导入Web3模块'''
from web3 import Web3
'''连接rpc环境'''
web3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider('http://127.0.0.1:7890'))
web3.eth.hashrate
101
eth.gas_price
查询以wei为单位的当前gas
from web3 import Web3
'''连接rpc环境'''
web3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider('http://127.0.0.1:7890'))
web3.eth.gas_price
20000000000
eth.blockNumber
查询当前最新区块
from web3 import Web3
'''连接rpc环境'''
web3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider('http://127.0.0.1:7890'))
web3.eth.blockNumber
2206939
eth.chain_id
查询当前链的链id
from web3 import Web3
'''连接rpc环境'''
web3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider('http://127.0.0.1:7890'))
web3.eth.chain_id
90
eth.getBalance
查询地址主币数量
from web3 import Web3
'''连接rpc环境'''
web3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider('http://127.0.0.1:7890'))
web3.eth.getBalance('0xd97F0D2537800BFBb78D9d7Cf087f4A397CbCc3B')
eth.getBlock
根据块高度查询块信息
from web3 import Web3
'''导入geth_poa_middleware'''
from web3.middleware import geth_poa_middleware
web3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider('https://api.avax-test.network/ext/bc/C/rpc'))
'''解决查询块信息数据过长报错问题'''
web3.middleware_onion.inject(geth_poa_middleware, layer=0)
'''查询块信息，不包括完成的交易信息'''
web3.eth.get_block(block_identifier=111,full_transactions=False)
{
'blockExtraData': '0x',
'difficulty': 1,
'extDataHash': '0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000',
'proofOfAuthorityData': HexBytes('0xd883010916846765746888676f312e31332e38856c696e757833c10d4e05aed2e565806c09c230894c47daa2d18b278a2905045a55c61516c7'),
'gasLimit': 89722406,
'gasUsed': 21000,
'hash': HexBytes('0x94ec6c0142cbf074457234c7a6fa6661f818a6859efcbae166598b91da81c045'),
'logsBloom': HexBytes('0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000'), 'miner': '0x0100000000000000000000000000000000000000',
'mixHash': HexBytes('0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000'),
'nonce': HexBytes('0x0000000000000000'),
'number': 111,
'parentHash': HexBytes('0x3e5460ee05e93d4025681cede036d5876f60404140915104c10284a563a97dc0'),
'receiptsRoot': HexBytes('0x056b23fbba480696b65fe5a59b8f2148a1299103c4f57df839233af2cf4ca2d2'),
'sha3Uncles': HexBytes('0x1dcc4de8dec75d7aab85b567b6ccd41ad312451b948a7413f0a142fd40d49347'),
'size': 718,
'stateRoot': HexBytes('0x83f5f7feb20c5716668ff5867729148af33a3e895a607fe495ec5af91d2e78bd'),
'timestamp': 1600930023,
'totalDifficulty': 111,
'transactions': [HexBytes('0xa0755b4f899841a58ff675c381994e5e36858920ac9a037f5dbfe8343b055ca8')],
'transactionsRoot': HexBytes('0x659f84685620333b164372d7bee9f103641f64ff45a4f8888de5bf3c70a16d5f'),
'uncles': []}
'''查询块信息，包括完成的交易信息'''
web3.eth.get_block(block_identifier=111,full_transactions=False)
{
'blockExtraData': '0x',
'difficulty': 1,
'extDataHash': '0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000',
'proofOfAuthorityData': HexBytes('0xd883010916846765746888676f312e31332e38856c696e757833c10d4e05aed2e565806c09c230894c47daa2d18b278a2905045a55c61516c7'),
'gasLimit': 89722406,
'gasUsed': 21000,
'hash': HexBytes('0x94ec6c0142cbf074457234c7a6fa6661f818a6859efcbae166598b91da81c045'),
'logsBloom': HexBytes('0x00000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000'),
'miner': '0x0100000000000000000000000000000000000000',
'mixHash': HexBytes('0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000'),
'nonce': HexBytes('0x0000000000000000'),
'number': 111,
'parentHash': HexBytes('0x3e5460ee05e93d4025681cede036d5876f60404140915104c10284a563a97dc0'),
'receiptsRoot': HexBytes('0x056b23fbba480696b65fe5a59b8f2148a1299103c4f57df839233af2cf4ca2d2'),
'sha3Uncles': HexBytes('0x1dcc4de8dec75d7aab85b567b6ccd41ad312451b948a7413f0a142fd40d49347'),
'size': 718, 'stateRoot': HexBytes('0x83f5f7feb20c5716668ff5867729148af33a3e895a607fe495ec5af91d2e78bd'),
'timestamp': 1600930023,
'totalDifficulty': 111,
'transactions':
[
AttributeDict({
'blockHash': HexBytes('0x94ec6c0142cbf074457234c7a6fa6661f818a6859efcbae166598b91da81c045'),
'blockNumber': 111, 'from': '0x572f4D80f10f663B5049F789546f25f70Bb62a7F',
'gas': 21000,
'gasPrice': 500000000000,
'hash': HexBytes('
0xa0755b4f899841a58ff675c381994e5e36858920ac9a037f5dbfe8343b055ca8'
), 'input': '0x',
'nonce': 92,
'to': '0xF1400D80F913a82D12a4d5313c9A6e4a0f56Cbb7',
'transactionIndex': 0,
'value': 200000000000000000,
'type': '0x0',
'chainId': '0xa869',
'v': 86262,
'r': HexBytes('0x01845c893909c494746f9057ca61f68035c8ea5d0cd0dfc12295458ad38b37c2'),
's': HexBytes('0x59b07ac872d42e67e5eff8c47beca688a5c2a316b29426b604d537f9665f61dc')})],
'transactionsRoot': HexBytes('0x659f84685620333b164372d7bee9f103641f64ff45a4f8888de5bf3c70a16d5f'),
'uncles': []})
eth.get_block_transaction_count
根据块高度或者块HX查询块的交易笔数
from web3 import Web3
web3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider('https://api.avax-test.network/ext/bc/C/rpc'))
web3.eth.get_block_transaction_count(111)
1
web3.eth.get_block_transaction_count('0x659f84685620333b164372d7bee9f103641f64ff45a4f8888de5bf3c70a16d5f')
1
eth.get_transaction_receipt
通过交易HX查询交易详情
from web3 import Web3
web3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider('https://api.avax-test.network/ext/bc/C/rpc'))
web3.eth.get_transaction_receipt('0x0e3713a018e74149d00ad0ccf30271af4f9209bc888a34e18f09a4ed6d0032a9')
{
'blockHash': HexBytes('0x1ebff86c8b86ee3acda22bd3d8de51703b02c7fc6b9f56e1461d11c808cf4d99'),
'blockNumber': 19700539,
'contractAddress': None,
'cumulativeGasUsed': 70727,
'effectiveGasPrice': 25000000000,
'from': '0xd97F0D2537800BFBb78D9d7Cf087f4A397CbCc3B',
'gasUsed': 70727,
'logs': [
AttributeDict({
'address': '0xD986fE4b11c73B63d72EFF7207858e5785b2752d',
'topics': [
HexBytes('0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef'),
HexBytes('0x0000000000000000000000005fa7d55f978781e8a4b183ca910136f5242e5073'),
HexBytes('0x000000000000000000000000d97f0d2537800bfbb78d9d7cf087f4a397cbcc3b')],
'data': '0x000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000006ddd0',
'blockNumber': 19700539,
'transactionHash': HexBytes('0x0e3713a018e74149d00ad0ccf30271af4f9209bc888a34e18f09a4ed6d0032a9'),
'transactionIndex': 0,
'blockHash': HexBytes('0x1ebff86c8b86ee3acda22bd3d8de51703b02c7fc6b9f56e1461d11c808cf4d99'),
'logIndex': 0,
'removed': False
}),
AttributeDict({
'address': '0x5fA7D55F978781e8A4B183cA910136f5242e5073',
'topics': [
HexBytes('0x0c187edcd92269145104ed94ee618c57f91d45da8dbe5b91a2f950cabb9c6c99')
],
'data': '0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000430000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000006ddd0',
'blockNumber': 19700539,
'transactionHash': HexBytes('0x0e3713a018e74149d00ad0ccf30271af4f9209bc888a34e18f09a4ed6d0032a9'),
'transactionIndex': 0,
'blockHash': HexBytes('0x1ebff86c8b86ee3acda22bd3d8de51703b02c7fc6b9f56e1461d11c808cf4d99'),
'logIndex': 1,
'removed': False
})
],
'logsBloom': HexBytes('0x00000000000000000002000200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000200000000800000000000000800000000000000000008000000000000000000000000000080000000000000000000002000000000000000000000000000000000000000000010000000100210000000000000000040000000000000000000004000000000000000000000000000000000400020000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040000000002000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000'),
'status': 1,
'to': '0x5fA7D55F978781e8A4B183cA910136f5242e5073',
'transactionHash': HexBytes('0x0e3713a018e74149d00ad0ccf30271af4f9209bc888a34e18f09a4ed6d0032a9'),
'transactionIndex': 0,
'type': '0x0'
}
eth.get_transaction_by_block
根据块高和 下标查询交易详情
block_identifier : 区块高度
Index ：第几笔交易
from web3 import Web3
web3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider('https://api.avax-test.network/ext/bc/C/rpc'))
web3.eth.get_transaction_by_block(19700539,0)
{
'blockHash': HexBytes('0x1ebff86c8b86ee3acda22bd3d8de51703b02c7fc6b9f56e1461d11c808cf4d99'),
'blockNumber': 19700539,
'from': '0xd97F0D2537800BFBb78D9d7Cf087f4A397CbCc3B',
'gas': 71392,
'gasPrice': 25000000000,
'hash': HexBytes('0x0e3713a018e74149d00ad0ccf30271af4f9209bc888a34e18f09a4ed6d0032a9'),
'input': '0x455c0d4a000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000002000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000010000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000430',
'nonce': 42267,
'to': '0x5fA7D55F978781e8A4B183cA910136f5242e5073',
'transactionIndex': 0,
'value': 0,
'type': '0x0',
'chainId': '0xa869',
'v': 86262,
'r': HexBytes('0xd9a79bd6e1971dbf9f6692dec3f1dac6f7bc29c977d9dd75245f857cf7f14a8b'),
's': HexBytes('0x0f7e3123938f773cd390403502a725f14da5f4261e06cb4690868f48111528da')
}
eth.wait_for_transaction_receipt
轮询链上交易HX，找到返回交易详情，未找到返回错误
transaction_hash：必填
timeout：非必填，默认两分钟(单位秒)
from web3 import Web3
web3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider('https://api.avax-test.network/ext/bc/C/rpc'))
web3.eth.wait_for_transaction_receipt("0x0e3713a018e74149d00ad0ccf30271af4f9209bc888a34e18f09a4ed6d0032a9")
{
'blockHash': HexBytes('0x1ebff86c8b86ee3acda22bd3d8de51703b02c7fc6b9f56e1461d11c808cf4d99'),
'blockNumber': 19700539,
'contractAddress': None,
'cumulativeGasUsed': 70727,
'effectiveGasPrice': 25000000000,
'from': '0xd97F0D2537800BFBb78D9d7Cf087f4A397CbCc3B',
'gasUsed': 70727,
'logs': [
AttributeDict({
'address': '0xD986fE4b11c73B63d72EFF7207858e5785b2752d',
'topics': [
HexBytes('0xddf252ad1be2c89b69c2b068fc378daa952ba7f163c4a11628f55a4df523b3ef'),
HexBytes('0x0000000000000000000000005fa7d55f978781e8a4b183ca910136f5242e5073'),
HexBytes('0x000000000000000000000000d97f0d2537800bfbb78d9d7cf087f4a397cbcc3b')
],
'data': '0x000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000006ddd0',
'blockNumber': 19700539,
'transactionHash': HexBytes('0x0e3713a018e74149d00ad0ccf30271af4f9209bc888a34e18f09a4ed6d0032a9'),
'transactionIndex': 0, 'blockHash': HexBytes('0x1ebff86c8b86ee3acda22bd3d8de51703b02c7fc6b9f56e1461d11c808cf4d99'),
'logIndex': 0,
'removed': False
}),
AttributeDict({
'address': '0x5fA7D55F978781e8A4B183cA910136f5242e5073',
'topics': [
HexBytes('0x0c187edcd92269145104ed94ee618c57f91d45da8dbe5b91a2f950cabb9c6c99')
], 'data': '0x0000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000430000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000006ddd0',
'blockNumber': 19700539,
'transactionHash': HexBytes('0x0e3713a018e74149d00ad0ccf30271af4f9209bc888a34e18f09a4ed6d0032a9'),
'transactionIndex': 0,
'blockHash': HexBytes('0x1ebff86c8b86ee3acda22bd3d8de51703b02c7fc6b9f56e1461d11c808cf4d99'),
'logIndex': 1, 'removed': False
})
],
'logsBloom': HexBytes('0x00000000000000000002000200000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000200000000800000000000000800000000000000000008000000000000000000000000000080000000000000000000002000000000000000000000000000000000000000000010000000100210000000000000000040000000000000000000004000000000000000000000000000000000400020000000000000000000000000000000000000000000040000000002000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000000'),
'status': 1,
'to': '0x5fA7D55F978781e8A4B183cA910136f5242e5073',
'transactionHash': HexBytes('0x0e3713a018e74149d00ad0ccf30271af4f9209bc888a34e18f09a4ed6d0032a9'),
'transactionIndex': 0,
'type': '0x0'
}
eth.estimate_gas
预估手续费
from web3 import Web3
web3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider('https://api.avax-test.network/ext/bc/C/rpc'))
web3.eth.estimate_gas({'to': '0xd3CdA913deB6f67967B99D67aCDFa1712C293601', 'from':'0xd3CdA913deB6f67967B99D67aCDFa1712C293601', 'value': 12345})
21000
eth.getTransactionCount
查询nonce
from web3 import Web3
web3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider('https://api.avax-test.network/ext/bc/C/rpc'))
acct =web33.eth.account.privateKeyToAccount(privateKey)
web3.eth.getTransactionCount('0x2837331a85c77138D843250692e0bc3cF7C6B8D5')
3304
eth.account.signTransaction
签名交易
from web3 import Web3
web3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider('https://api.avax-test.network/ext/bc/C/rpc'))
key = 'c89866c1a5541cf325d8b161e37b12926ec093bf85fb8996e41c942f409f8e40'
web3.eth.account.signTransaction(transaction,key)
gas = web3.eth.estimateGas({'from': acct.address, 'to': acct.address, 'value': 1})
tr = {
'from': acct.address,
'to': acct.address,
'nonce': web3.eth.getTransactionCount(acct.address),
'gasPrice': web3.eth.gas_price,
'gas': gas,
'value': 1,
'data': '',
'chainId': web3.eth.chainId
}
sig = web3.eth.account.signTransaction(tr, key)
web3.eth.sendRawTransaction(sig.rawTransaction)
SignedTransaction(rawTransaction=HexBytes('0xf869820ce88505d21dba00825208942837331a85c77138d843250692e0bc3cf7c6b8d50180830150f6a0fbc7f8f55f6473479d5c1f2bd0bd10d21e12c7886dd0ec40fc21b060aae07419a04f18d6eea278ef9b611eee8029b1addef1542e07c70c81c7fa1891c63fc61f0c'), hash=HexBytes('0x3c5a61afad21f34ed58493754217e987bc87995fae3e182c68174aa19028d2ec'), r=113883845808617690044871202117477804700152330397016477591268504947707468608537, s=35776602774928587288456033015730457511495579849041010202069064808800658530060, v=86262)
sendRawTransaction
广播交易
from web3 import Web3
web3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider('https://api.avax-test.network/ext/bc/C/rpc'))
key = 'c89866c1a5541cf325d8b161e37b12926ec093bf85fb8996e41c942f409f8e40'
web3.eth.account.signTransaction(transaction,key)
gas = web3.eth.estimateGas({'from': acct.address, 'to': acct.address, 'value': 1})
tr = {
'from': acct.address,
'to': acct.address,
'nonce': web3.eth.getTransactionCount(acct.address),
'gasPrice': web3.eth.gas_price,
'gas': gas,
'value': 1,
'data': '',
'chainId': web3.eth.chainId
}
web3.eth.account.signTransaction(tr, key)
b'\x18,h\x17J\xa1\x90(\xd2\xec'
eth.account.privateKeyToAccount/from_key
通过私钥返回一个加密对象
address：合约地址
abi ：合约abi
from web3 import Web3
web3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider('https://api.avax-test.network/ext/bc/C/rpc'))
'''新版'''
web3.eth.account.from_key('c89866c1a5541cf325d8b161e37b12926ec093bf85fb8996e41c942f409f8e40')
<eth_account.signers.local.LocalAccount object at 0x7fae76d75130>
'''旧版'''
web3.eth.account.privateKeyToAccount('c89866c1a5541cf325d8b161e37b12926ec093bf85fb8996e41c942f409f8e40')
<eth_account.signers.local.LocalAccount object at 0x7fec04f8f160>
.address
换算地址
from web3 import Web3
web3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider('https://api.avax-test.network/ext/bc/C/rpc'))
acct = web3.eth.account.from_key('c89866c1a5541cf325d8b161e37b12926ec093bf85fb8996e41c942f409f8e40')
acct.address
0x2837331a85c77138D843250692e0bc3cF7C6B8D5
.key/privateKey
换算私钥
from web3 import Web3
web3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider('https://api.avax-test.network/ext/bc/C/rpc'))
acct = web3.eth.account.from_key('c89866c1a5541cf325d8b161e37b12926ec093bf85fb8996e41c942f409f8e40')
'''旧'''
acct.privateKey
b'\xc8\x98f\xc1\xa5T\x1c\xf3%\xd8\xb1a\xe3{\x12\x92n\xc0\x93\xbf\x85\xfb\x89\x96\xe4\x1c\x94/@\x9f\x8e@'
'''新版'''
acct.key
b'\xc8\x98f\xc1\xa5T\x1c\xf3%\xd8\xb1a\xe3{\x12\x92n\xc0\x93\xbf\x85\xfb\x89\x96\xe4\x1c\x94/@\x9f\x8e@'
contract
连接合约
eth.contract
from web3 import Web3
web33 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider('https://api.avax-test.network/ext/bc/C/rpc'))
contracts = web33.eth.contract(address='0xd0fABb17BD2999A4A9fDF0F05c2386e7dF6519bb', abi='[{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"intern.............')
functions
调用合约中的方法
from web3 import Web3
web3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider('https://api.avax-test.network/ext/bc/C/rpc'))
contracts = web33.eth.contract(address='0xd0fABb17BD2999A4A9fDF0F05c2386e7dF6519bb', abi='[{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"intern.............')
'''通过functions调用合约的transfer方法，打包交易'''
transaction = contracts.functions.transfer(to_address,amount).buildTransaction({
'from': acct.address,
'nonce': node,
'gasPrice': int(web33.eth.gas_price * 1.2)}) # 21000000000
3.其他方法
hex()
bytes转hx格式
hx = b'\xc8\x98f\xc1\xa5T\x1c\xf3%\xd8\xb1a\xe3{\x12\x92n\xc0\x93\xbf\x85\xfb\x89\x96\xe4\x1c\x94/@\x9f\x8e@'
hx.hex()
c89866c1a5541cf325d8b161e37b12926ec093bf85fb8996e41c942f409f8e40
buildTransactions
传递数据生成字典格式
from web3 import Web3
web3 = Web3(Web3.HTTPProvider('https://api.avax-test.network/ext/bc/C/rpc'))
contracts = web33.eth.contract(address='0xd0fABb17BD2999A4A9fDF0F05c2386e7dF6519bb', abi='[{"anonymous":false,"inputs":[{"indexed":true,"intern.............')
'''通过functions调用合约的transfer方法，常用数据要生成字典格式，打包交易'''
transaction = contracts.functions.transfer(to_address,amount).buildTransaction({
'from': acct.address,
'nonce': node,
'gasPrice': int(web33.eth.gas_price * 1.2)}) # 21000000000