算法刷题记录-树(LeetCode)

783. Minimum Distance Between BST Nodes

思路(DFS 中序遍历)

考虑中序遍历的性质即可

代码

class Solution {
public:
    int min_diff=numeric_limits<int>::max();
    int prev=numeric_limits<int>::min()+100000;
    int minDiffInBST(TreeNode* root) {
        inorderTraversal(root);
        return min_diff;
    }
    void inorderTraversal(TreeNode* root){
        if (root== nullptr){
            return ;
        }
        inorderTraversal(root->left);
        min_diff=min(min_diff,root->val-prev);
        prev=root->val;
        inorderTraversal(root->right);
    }
};

814. Binary Tree Pruning

思路(DFS)

对于一个节点是否删除,有如下几种情况:

863. All Nodes Distance K in Binary Tree

思路(DFS)

首先,需要通过dfs算法找到从原点到目标点的路径。 p a t h = [ 2 , 3 , 5 , 7 ] path=[2,3,5,7] path=[2,3,5,7], k = 2 k=2 k=2。其中7为目标点然后考虑对路径的每一节点,进行下列计算:
对于从原点到目标节点的路径。由目标点至上逐级考虑:

  1. 对于目标点7,需要考虑所有距离目标节点距离为k的子节点(DFS)
  2. 对于目标上一个节点5,从7至5的距离为1,因此考虑与5距离为1的子节点,同时将7设为已访问,防止重复遍历。
  3. 。。。以此类推

代码

class Solution {
public:
    vector<int> ans;
    vector<TreeNode*> _path;
    vector<TreeNode*> path;
    unordered_set<int> visited;
    vector<int> distanceK(TreeNode* root, TreeNode* target, int k) {
        _path.push_back(root);
        findPath(root,target->val);
        findNodes(path.back(),k);
        path.pop_back();
        k--;
        visited.insert(target->val);
        int size=path.size()-1;
        for (int i = size; i >=0 ; i--) {
            findNodes(path[i],k);
            visited.insert(path[i]->val);
            k--;
        }
        return ans;
    }
    void findPath(TreeNode* root,int target){
        if (root->val==target){
            for (auto curr:_path) {
                path.push_back(curr);
            }
            return;
        }
        if (root->left){
            _path.push_back(root->left);
            findPath(root->left,target);
            _path.pop_back();
        }
        if (root->right){
            _path.push_back(root->right);
            findPath(root->right,target);
            _path.pop_back();
        }
    }
    void findNodes(TreeNode* root,int distance){
        if (distance==0&&!visited.count(root->val)){
            ans.push_back(root->val);
            visited.insert(root->val);
        }
        else {
            if (root->left&&!visited.count(root->left->val)){
                findNodes(root->left,distance-1);
            }
            if (root->right&&!visited.count(root->right->val)){
                findNodes(root->right,distance-1);
            }
        }
    }
};

865. Smallest Subtree with all the Deepest Nodes

思路 DFS

在遍历时带有层数信息以及路径信息即可,通过DFS遍历获取最深层的节点以及其路径,然后通过从头到尾遍历确认那一层是最后的公共节点。

代码

/**
 * Definition for a binary tree node.
 * public class TreeNode {
 *     int val;
 *     TreeNode left;
 *     TreeNode right;
 *     TreeNode() {}
 *     TreeNode(int val) { this.val = val; }
 *     TreeNode(int val, TreeNode left, TreeNode right) {
 *         this.val = val;
 *         this.left = left;
 *         this.right = right;
 *     }
 * }
 */
class Solution {
    ArrayList<TreeNode> path = new ArrayList<>();
    int max_depth = 0;
    ArrayList<ArrayList<TreeNode>> res = new ArrayList<>();

    public TreeNode subtreeWithAllDeepest(TreeNode root) {
        path.add(root);
        dfs(root, 1);
        if (res.size() == 1) {
            int len = res.get(0).size();
            return res.get(0).get(len - 1);
        }
        TreeNode prev = null;
        for (int i = 0; i < res.get(0).size(); i++) {
            int first = res.get(0).get(i).val;
            for (int j = 1; j < res.size(); j++) {
                if (res.get(j).get(i).val != first) {
                    return prev;
                }
            }
            prev = res.get(0).get(i);
        }
        return prev;
    }

    public void dfs(TreeNode node, int depth) {
        if (node.left == null && node.right == null) {
            if (depth < max_depth) {
                return;
            }
            if (depth > max_depth) {
                res.clear();
                max_depth = depth;
            }
            res.add(new ArrayList<>(path));
            return;
        }
        if (node.left != null) {
            path.add(node.left);
            dfs(node.left, depth + 1);
            path.remove(path.size() - 1);
        }
        if (node.right != null) {
            path.add(node.right);
            dfs(node.right, depth + 1);
            path.remove(path.size() - 1);
        }
    }
}

1123. Lowest Common Ancestor of Deepest Leaves(与865重复)

思路 DFS

同865

代码

同865

1448. Count Good Nodes in Binary Tree

思路 BFS

每次遍历时,带着先前节点的最大值。若当前节点值大于等于先前的最大值,则结果+1,并更新最大值。递归遍历其左右子节点。

代码

class Solution {
    int ans=0;
    public int goodNodes(TreeNode root) {
        goodNodesImpl(root,Integer.MIN_VALUE);
        return ans;
    }
    public void goodNodesImpl(TreeNode root,int prevMax){
        if (root==null){
            return;
        }
        if (prevMax<=root.val){
            ans++;
            prevMax=root.val;
        }
        goodNodesImpl(root.left,prevMax);
        goodNodesImpl(root.right,prevMax);
    }
}

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