【STM32&RT-Thread零基础入门】8. 基于 CubeMX 移植 RT-Thread Nano

硬件：STM32F103ZET6、ST-LINK、usb转串口工具、4个LED灯、1个蜂鸣器、4个1k电阻、2个按键、面包板、杜邦线

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前言

利用RT_Thread操作系统实现三种不同的LED等闪烁

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提示：以下是本篇文章正文内容，下面案例可供参考

一、cubemx配置

cubemx配置参考教程：
基于 CubeMX 移植 RT-Thread Nano
后面程序所需的引脚

二、board.c文件修改

/*
 * Copyright (c) 2006-2019, RT-Thread Development Team
 *
 * SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
 *
 * Change Logs:
 * Date           Author       Notes
 * 2021-05-24                  the first version
 */

#include 
#include 

#include "main.h"
#include "usart.h"// 使用cubemx产生的MX_USART1_UART_Init()
#include "gpio.h" // 使用cubemx产生的MX_GPIO_Init()

#if defined(RT_USING_USER_MAIN) && defined(RT_USING_HEAP)
/*
 * Please modify RT_HEAP_SIZE if you enable RT_USING_HEAP
 * the RT_HEAP_SIZE max value = (sram size - ZI size), 1024 means 1024 bytes
 */
#define RT_HEAP_SIZE (15*1024)
static rt_uint8_t rt_heap[RT_HEAP_SIZE];

RT_WEAK void *rt_heap_begin_get(void)
{
    return rt_heap;
}

RT_WEAK void *rt_heap_end_get(void)
{
    return rt_heap + RT_HEAP_SIZE;
}
#endif

void SysTick_Handler(void)
{
    rt_interrupt_enter();
    
    rt_tick_increase();

    rt_interrupt_leave();
}

/**
 * This function will initial your board.
 */
void rt_hw_board_init(void)
{
    extern void SystemClock_Config(void);
    
    HAL_Init();
    SystemClock_Config();
    SystemCoreClockUpdate();
    /* 
     * 1: OS Tick Configuration
     * Enable the hardware timer and call the rt_os_tick_callback function
     * periodically with the frequency RT_TICK_PER_SECOND. 
     */
    HAL_SYSTICK_Config(HAL_RCC_GetHCLKFreq()/RT_TICK_PER_SECOND);

    /* Call components board initial (use INIT_BOARD_EXPORT()) */
	MX_GPIO_Init();//【增加】
	
#ifdef RT_USING_COMPONENTS_INIT
    rt_components_board_init();
#endif

#if defined(RT_USING_USER_MAIN) && defined(RT_USING_HEAP)
    rt_system_heap_init(rt_heap_begin_get(), rt_heap_end_get());
#endif
}

#ifdef RT_USING_CONSOLE

static UART_HandleTypeDef UartHandle;
static int uart_init(void)
{
    /* TODO: Please modify the UART port number according to your needs */
    UartHandle.Instance = USART1;//【修改为USART1】
    UartHandle.Init.BaudRate = 115200;
    UartHandle.Init.WordLength = UART_WORDLENGTH_8B;
    UartHandle.Init.StopBits = UART_STOPBITS_1;
    UartHandle.Init.Parity = UART_PARITY_NONE;
    UartHandle.Init.Mode = UART_MODE_TX_RX;
    UartHandle.Init.HwFlowCtl = UART_HWCONTROL_NONE;
    UartHandle.Init.OverSampling = UART_OVERSAMPLING_16;

    if (HAL_UART_Init(&UartHandle) != HAL_OK)
    {
        while (1);
    }
    return 0;
}
INIT_BOARD_EXPORT(uart_init);

void rt_hw_console_output(const char *str)
{
    rt_size_t i = 0, size = 0;
    char a = '\r';

    __HAL_UNLOCK(&UartHandle);

    size = rt_strlen(str);

    for (i = 0; i < size; i++)
    {
        if (*(str + i) == '\n')
        {
            HAL_UART_Transmit(&UartHandle, (uint8_t *)&a, 1, 1);
        }
        HAL_UART_Transmit(&UartHandle, (uint8_t *)(str + i), 1, 1);
    }
}
#endif

#ifdef RT_USING_FINSH
char rt_hw_console_getchar(void)
{
    /* Note: the initial value of ch must < 0 */
    int ch = -1;

    if (__HAL_UART_GET_FLAG(&UartHandle, UART_FLAG_RXNE) != RESET)
    {
        ch = UartHandle.Instance->DR & 0xff;
    }
    else
    {
        rt_thread_mdelay(10);
    }
    return ch;
}
#endif

2.rtconfig.h文件修改

RT-Thread Nano 的配置在 rtconfig.h 中进行，通过开关宏定义来使能或关闭某些功能，接下来对该配置文件中的宏定义进行说明。

/* RT-Thread config file */

#ifndef __RTTHREAD_CFG_H__
#define __RTTHREAD_CFG_H__

// <<< Use Configuration Wizard in Context Menu >>>
// Basic Configuration
// Maximal level of thread priority <8-256>
//  Default: 32
#define RT_THREAD_PRIORITY_MAX 32

// OS tick per second
//  Default: 1000   (1ms)
#define RT_TICK_PER_SECOND 1000

// Alignment size for CPU architecture data access
//  Default: 4
#define RT_ALIGN_SIZE 4

// the max length of object name<2-16>
//  Default: 8
#define RT_NAME_MAX 8

// Using RT-Thread components initialization
//  Using RT-Thread components initialization
#define RT_USING_COMPONENTS_INIT
// 

// Using user main
//  Using user main
#define RT_USING_USER_MAIN
// 

// the size of main thread<1-4086>
//  Default: 512
#define RT_MAIN_THREAD_STACK_SIZE 1024
// 

// Debug Configuration
// enable kernel debug configuration
//  Default: enable kernel debug configuration
//#define RT_DEBUG
// 

// enable components initialization debug configuration<0-1>
//  Default: 0
#define RT_DEBUG_INIT 0

// thread stack over flow detect
//   Diable Thread stack over flow detect
//#define RT_USING_OVERFLOW_CHECK
// 
// 

// Hook Configuration
// using hook
//  using hook
//#define RT_USING_HOOK
// 

// using idle hook
//  using idle hook
//#define RT_USING_IDLE_HOOK
// 
// 

// Software timers Configuration
//  Enables user timers
//  Enables user timers
//#define RT_USING_TIMER_SOFT
// 

// The priority level of timer thread <0-31>
//  Default: 4
#define RT_TIMER_THREAD_PRIO 4

// The stack size of timer thread <0-8192>
//  Default: 512
#define RT_TIMER_THREAD_STACK_SIZE 512
// 

// IPC(Inter-process communication) Configuration
// Using Semaphore
//  Using Semaphore
#define RT_USING_SEMAPHORE
// 

// Using Mutex
//  Using Mutex
//#define RT_USING_MUTEX
// 

// Using Event
//  Using Event
//#define RT_USING_EVENT
// 

// Using MailBox
//  Using MailBox
//#define RT_USING_MAILBOX
// 

// Using Message Queue
//  Using Message Queue
//#define RT_USING_MESSAGEQUEUE
// 
// 

// Memory Management Configuration
// Using Mempool Management
//  Using Mempool Management
//#define RT_USING_MEMPOOL
// 
// Dynamic Heap Management
//  Dynamic Heap Management
#define RT_USING_HEAP//是否使用 内存堆
// 
// using small memory
//  using small memory
#define RT_USING_SMALL_MEM// 是否使用 内存堆
// 

// using tiny size of memory
//  using tiny size of memory
//#define RT_USING_TINY_SIZE
// 
// 

// Console Configuration
// Using console
//  Using console
#define RT_USING_CONSOLE
// 

// the buffer size of console <1-1024>
//  the buffer size of console
//  Default: 128  (128Byte)
#define RT_CONSOLEBUF_SIZE 128
// 

// Enable FinSH Configuration
// include shell config
//   Select this choice if you using FinSH
//当系统加入 FinSH 组件源码后，需要在 rtconfig.h 中开启以下项
#include "finsh_config.h"
// 
// 

// Device Configuration
// using device framework
//  using device framework
//#define RT_USING_DEVICE
// 
// 

// <<< end of configuration section >>>

#endif

三、主程序

1. main函数

/* USER CODE BEGIN Header */
/**
  ******************************************************************************
  * @file           : main.c
  * @brief          : Main program body
  ******************************************************************************
  * @attention
  *
  * Copyright (c) 2023 STMicroelectronics.
  * All rights reserved.
  *
  * This software is licensed under terms that can be found in the LICENSE file
  * in the root directory of this software component.
  * If no LICENSE file comes with this software, it is provided AS-IS.
  *
  ******************************************************************************
  */
/* USER CODE END Header */
/* Includes ------------------------------------------------------------------*/
#include "main.h"
#include "usart.h"
#include "gpio.h"
#include 

/* Private includes ----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN Includes */

/* USER CODE END Includes */

/* Private typedef -----------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PTD */

/* USER CODE END PTD */

/* Private define ------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PD */

/* USER CODE END PD */

/* Private macro -------------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN PM */

/* USER CODE END PM */

/* Private variables ---------------------------------------------------------*/

/* USER CODE BEGIN PV */
/* 栈空间地址对齐 */
ALIGN( RT_ALIGN_SIZE )
/* 定义一个数组，栈的空间大小就是1024*8字节 */
rt_uint8_t rt_led1_thread_stack[1024];
/* 初始化线程栈 */
struct rt_thread rt_led1_thread;
 
rt_uint8_t rt_led2_thread_stack[1024];
/* 定义线程控制块指针 */
rt_thread_t rt_led2_thread = RT_NULL;

/* USER CODE END PV */

/* Private function prototypes -----------------------------------------------*/
void SystemClock_Config(void);
/* USER CODE BEGIN PFP */

/* USER CODE END PFP */

/* Private user code ---------------------------------------------------------*/
/* USER CODE BEGIN 0 */

void led1_thread_entry(void *parameter)
{
	while(1)
	{
	    HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(LED1_GPIO_Port,LED1_Pin);
	    rt_thread_mdelay(1000);
	}
}

void led2_thread_entry(void *parameter)
{
	while(1)
	{
	    HAL_GPIO_TogglePin(LED2_GPIO_Port,LED2_Pin);
	    rt_thread_mdelay(100);
	}
} 

/* USER CODE END 0 */

/**
  * @brief  The application entry point.
  * @retval int
  */
int main(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 1 */

  /* USER CODE END 1 */

  /* MCU Configuration--------------------------------------------------------*/

  /* Reset of all peripherals, Initializes the Flash interface and the Systick. */
  HAL_Init();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN Init */

  /* USER CODE END Init */

  /* Configure the system clock */
//  SystemClock_Config();

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SysInit */

  /* USER CODE END SysInit */

  /* Initialize all configured peripherals */
  MX_GPIO_Init();
  MX_USART1_UART_Init();
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 2 */

  /**************************** 静态创建 **************************************/
  rt_err_t rst_led1;
  rst_led1 = rt_thread_init(&rt_led1_thread,
						"led1line",
						led1_thread_entry,
						RT_NULL,
						&rt_led1_thread_stack[0],
						sizeof(rt_led1_thread_stack),
						RT_THREAD_PRIORITY_MAX-2,
						20);
  if(rst_led1 == RT_EOK)
  {
		rt_thread_startup(&rt_led1_thread);
  }
  /***************************** 动态创建 ******************************************/
	rt_led2_thread = rt_thread_create( "led2line",
								      led2_thread_entry,
								      RT_NULL,
								      sizeof(rt_led2_thread_stack),
								      RT_THREAD_PRIORITY_MAX-3,
								      20);
	if( rt_led2_thread != RT_NULL )
		/* rt_thread_startup() 的形参是一个线程控制块指针，动态创建线程时返回的就是线程控制块指针，所以直接传入即可 */
		rt_thread_startup( rt_led2_thread );
	else
		return -1;							
  /* USER CODE END 2 */

  /* Infinite loop */
  /* USER CODE BEGIN WHILE */
  while (1)
  {
    /* USER CODE END WHILE */

    /* USER CODE BEGIN 3 */
	  rt_thread_mdelay(1000);
  }
  /* USER CODE END 3 */
}

/**
  * @brief System Clock Configuration
  * @retval None
  */
void SystemClock_Config(void)
{
  RCC_OscInitTypeDef RCC_OscInitStruct = {0};
  RCC_ClkInitTypeDef RCC_ClkInitStruct = {0};

  /** Initializes the RCC Oscillators according to the specified parameters
  * in the RCC_OscInitTypeDef structure.
  */
  RCC_OscInitStruct.OscillatorType = RCC_OSCILLATORTYPE_HSI;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSIState = RCC_HSI_ON;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.HSICalibrationValue = RCC_HSICALIBRATION_DEFAULT;
  RCC_OscInitStruct.PLL.PLLState = RCC_PLL_NONE;
  if (HAL_RCC_OscConfig(&RCC_OscInitStruct) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }

  /** Initializes the CPU, AHB and APB buses clocks
  */
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.ClockType = RCC_CLOCKTYPE_HCLK|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_SYSCLK
                              |RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK1|RCC_CLOCKTYPE_PCLK2;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.SYSCLKSource = RCC_SYSCLKSOURCE_HSI;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.AHBCLKDivider = RCC_SYSCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB1CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;
  RCC_ClkInitStruct.APB2CLKDivider = RCC_HCLK_DIV1;

  if (HAL_RCC_ClockConfig(&RCC_ClkInitStruct, FLASH_LATENCY_0) != HAL_OK)
  {
    Error_Handler();
  }
}

/* USER CODE BEGIN 4 */

/* USER CODE END 4 */

/**
  * @brief  This function is executed in case of error occurrence.
  * @retval None
  */
void Error_Handler(void)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN Error_Handler_Debug */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the HAL error return state */
  __disable_irq();
  while (1)
  {
  }
  /* USER CODE END Error_Handler_Debug */
}

#ifdef  USE_FULL_ASSERT
/**
  * @brief  Reports the name of the source file and the source line number
  *         where the assert_param error has occurred.
  * @param  file: pointer to the source file name
  * @param  line: assert_param error line source number
  * @retval None
  */
void assert_failed(uint8_t *file, uint32_t line)
{
  /* USER CODE BEGIN 6 */
  /* User can add his own implementation to report the file name and line number,
     ex: printf("Wrong parameters value: file %s on line %d\r\n", file, line) */
  /* USER CODE END 6 */
}
#endif /* USE_FULL_ASSERT */

2. task函数

#include "main.h"
#include "rtthread.h"
#define DBG_TAG "main"
#define DBG_LVL DBG_LOG
#include 

#define THREAD1_PRIORITY  27    
#define THREAD_STACK_SIZE 512  
#define THREAD_TIMESLICE  5    
 

ALIGN(RT_ALIGN_SIZE)
rt_thread_t result = RT_NULL;




static void rt_led1_flash_entry(void *parameter)
{
    while(1)
    {
		HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED3_GPIO_Port,LED3_Pin,GPIO_PIN_SET);
		rt_thread_mdelay(500);
		HAL_GPIO_WritePin(LED3_GPIO_Port,LED3_Pin,GPIO_PIN_RESET);
		rt_thread_mdelay(500);
    }
}



int rt_user_thread_entry(void)
{

    
    result = rt_thread_create("led3line", rt_led1_flash_entry,
                              NULL,
                              THREAD_STACK_SIZE,
                              THREAD1_PRIORITY,
                              THREAD_TIMESLICE);
    if (result != RT_NULL) 
    {
        rt_thread_startup(result);
    }
    else
    {
        LOG_D("can not create LED thread!");
		return -1;
    }


}
INIT_APP_EXPORT(rt_user_thread_entry);

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总结

以上便是基于 CubeMX 移植 RT-Thread Nano，然后实现3个不同LED灯的闪烁的程序