Android Gradle 版本冲突

1、添加Gradle环境变量

bash gradle command not found

需要的命令行

open .bash_profile

添加

export GRADLE_HOME=/Applications/Android\ Studio.app/Contents/gradle/gradle-4.4
export PATH=${PATH}:${GRADLE_HOME}/bin

刷新一下，配置的环境变量才会生效

source .bash_profile

当我们再次运行提示没有权限

gradle: Permission denied

需要执行chmod

 chmod +x /Applications/Android\ Studio.app/Contents/gradle/gradle-4.4/bin/gradle

别忘了刷新 source .bash_profile

2、查看冲突

进入今天的重点命令行，曾几何时刚接触grdale因为环信的一次冲突差点通宵，看来自己不带脑子写代码已经好久了。。。。

gradle -q :app:dependencies

gradle -q :app:dependencies

compile - Classpath for compiling the main sources.
+--- project :stickyDecoration
|    \--- com.android.support:recyclerview-v7:25.1.0
|         +--- com.android.support:support-annotations:25.1.0
|         +--- com.android.support:support-compat:25.1.0
|         |    \--- com.android.support:support-annotations:25.1.0
|         \--- com.android.support:support-core-ui:25.1.0
|              +--- com.android.support:support-annotations:25.1.0
|              \--- com.android.support:support-compat:25.1.0 (*)
+--- project :apmTools
+--- com.android.support:appcompat-v7:22.1.0
|    +--- com.android.support:support-annotations:22.1.0
|    +--- com.android.support:support-v4:22.1.0
|    |    +--- com.android.support:support-compat:22.1.0 (*)
|    |    +--- com.android.support:support-media-compat:22.1.0
|    |    |    +--- 
+--- com.jakewharton:butterknife:8.6.0
|    +--- com.jakewharton:butterknife-annotations:8.6.0
|    |    \--- com.android.support:support-annotations:25.1.0
|    +--- com.android.support:support-annotations:25.1.0
|    \--- com.android.support:support-compat:25.1.0 (*)
\--- com.scwang.smartrefresh:SmartRefreshLayout:1.0.5.1

发现support-annotations不一致
有两种解决方式

force
exclude

configurations.all {
   resolutionStrategy {
       force 'org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:1.3'
   }
}
dependencies {
   androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test:runner:0.2')
   androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test:rules:0.2')
   androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.1')
}

强制使用一种版本可以看到，原本对hamcrest-core 1.1的依赖，全部变成了1.3。

\--- com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.1
     +--- com.android.support.test:rules:0.2 (*)
     +--- com.squareup:javawriter:2.1.1
     +--- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-integration:1.1
     |    \--- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:1.1 -> 1.3
     +--- com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-idling-resource:2.1
     +--- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-library:1.1
     |    \--- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:1.1 -> 1.3
     +--- javax.inject:javax.inject:1
     +--- com.google.code.findbugs:jsr305:2.0.1
     +--- com.android.support.test:runner:0.2 (*)
     +--- javax.annotation:javax.annotation-api:1.2
     \--- org.hamcrest:hamcrest-core:1.1 -> 1.3

Exclude可以设置不编译指定的模块

configurations {
   all*.exclude group: 'org.hamcrest', module: 'hamcrest-core'
}
dependencies {
   androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test:runner:0.2')
   androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test:rules:0.2')
   androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.1')
}

单独使用group或module参数
exclude后的参数有group和module，可以分别单独使用，会排除所有匹配项。例如下面的脚本匹配了所有的group为’com.android.support.test’的模块。

dependencies {
   androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test:runner:0.2')
   androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test:rules:0.2')
   androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.1') {
       exclude group: 'org.hamcrest'
   }
}