搜索引擎--范例：谈谈django--mysql数据库的一些常用命令

现在基本没有什么能离得开数据库了，django我一直用的都是mysql的数据库，这次和大家说说django--mysql数据库的一些常用命令吧

1：命令行登陆mysql

C:\Users\Administrator>mysql -uroot -p

Enter password: ********

2：创建一个新的数据库并使用它

mysql> create database t;

Query OK, 1 row affected (0.02 sec)



mysql> use t;

Database changed

3：说点注意问题，我们先练show一下

mysql> show create database t;

+----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

| Database | Create Database                                              |

+----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

| t        | CREATE DATABASE `t` /*!40100 DEFAULT CHARACTER SET latin1 */ |

+----------+--------------------------------------------------------------+

1 row in set (0.00 sec)

注意到字符集是Latin1的

这样就无法存中文了，下面我们改一下设置吧，具体的命令我就不一一解说了，相信大家都能看得懂

mysql> show variables like 'char%';

+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------

-----+

| Variable_name            | Value

     |

+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------

-----+

| character_set_client     | latin1

     |

| character_set_connection | latin1

     |

| character_set_database   | latin1

     |

| character_set_filesystem | binary

     |

| character_set_results    | latin1

     |

| character_set_server     | latin1

     |

| character_set_system     | utf8

     |

| character_sets_dir       | C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.5\share\chars

ets\ |

+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------

-----+

8 rows in set (0.01 sec)



mysql> set names utf8;

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)



mysql> show variables like 'char%';

+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------

-----+

| Variable_name            | Value

     |

+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------

-----+

| character_set_client     | utf8

     |

| character_set_connection | utf8

     |

| character_set_database   | latin1

     |

| character_set_filesystem | binary

     |

| character_set_results    | utf8

     |

| character_set_server     | latin1

     |

| character_set_system     | utf8

     |

| character_sets_dir       | C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.5\share\chars

ets\ |

+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------

-----+

8 rows in set (0.00 sec)





mysql> set character_set_database = 'utf8';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)



mysql> set character_set_server = 'utf8';

Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.00 sec)



mysql> show variables like 'char%';

+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------

-----+

| Variable_name            | Value

     |

+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------

-----+

| character_set_client     | utf8

     |

| character_set_connection | utf8

     |

| character_set_database   | utf8

     |

| character_set_filesystem | binary

     |

| character_set_results    | utf8

     |

| character_set_server     | utf8

     |

| character_set_system     | utf8

     |

| character_sets_dir       | C:\Program Files\MySQL\MySQL Server 5.5\share\chars

ets\ |

+--------------------------+----------------------------------------------------

-----+

8 rows in set (0.00 sec)

3：然后把1,2步骤中创建的数据库删掉，drop database +数据库名就可以了，然后重新创建就ok了

4：现在配置django中的配置文件

DATABASES = {

    'default': {

        'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql', # Add 'postgresql_psycopg2', 'mysql', 'sqlite3' or 'oracle'.

        'NAME': 'irsearch',                      # Or path to database file if using sqlite3.

        'USER': 'root',                      # Not used with sqlite3.

        'PASSWORD': '你的数据库的密码',                  # Not used with sqlite3.

        'HOST': '127.0.0.1',                      # Set to empty string for localhost. Not used with sqlite3.

        'PORT': '',                      # Set to empty string for default. Not used with sqlite3.

    }

}

5：写model.py了，简单举例，注意一定要用models.Model，否则没用的

#-*- coding: utf-8 -*-

from django.db import models



# Create your models here.

class Weibo(models.Model):

    """docstring for weibo"""

    w_id = models.IntegerField(primary_key=True)

    userid = models.CharField(max_length=20)

    username = models.CharField(max_length=30)

    content = models.CharField(max_length=2000)

    ptime = models.CharField(max_length=20)

    count = models.IntegerField()

6：django的SQL操作

python manage.py syncdb 初始化数据库或者更新数据库

python manage.py sql +数据库名字

python manage.py  sql +数据库名字 > t.sql 可以让这些数据写入到t.sql中，可以直接用

6：mysql的数据导入导出

其实强烈不建议使用mysql的数据导入导出的，可以通过后台直接读取数据库而进行数据库中的数据的导入导出

C:\Users\Administrator>mysqldump

Usage: mysqldump [OPTIONS] database [tables]

OR     mysqldump [OPTIONS] --databases [OPTIONS] DB1 [DB2 DB3...]

OR     mysqldump [OPTIONS] --all-databases [OPTIONS]

For more options, use mysqldump --help

                                           数据库名　  表名

C:\Users\Administrator>mysqldump -uroot -p irsearch search_stop >stop.txt

Enter password: ********

然后就可以在当前目录下看到stop.txt了，最好是输出到sql文件里面，然后就可以直接导入sql了

如果是导入新浪SAE的数据库，记得吧里面的LOCK，UNLOCK 指令去掉，因为SAE没有给你这个指令的权限

 

最后一定提醒大家，注意数据库的存放格式，否则你会哭的，相信我