MySQL使用Xtrabackup备份到AWS存储桶

1.安装Xtrabackup

cd /tmp
wget https://downloads.percona.com/downloads/Percona-XtraBackup-8.0/Percona-XtraBackup-8.0.33-28/binary/redhat/7/x86_64/percona-xtrabackup-80-8.0.33-28.1.el7.x86_64.rpm
yum -y localinstall percona-xtrabackup-80-8.0.33-28.1.el7.x86_64.rpm
xtrabackup  --version

2.安装AWS CLI

2.1 安装

yum -y install python3-pip
pip3 install awscli

2.2设置 AWS CLI 配置信息

aws_access_key_id="AKI............................"         ##AWS密钥
aws_secret_access_key="JF.................................."     ##AWS密钥
aws_default_region="sa-east-1"    #这个是S3桶的区域，根据你开通的区域修改
aws_output_format="json"    #这个是默认的

2.3使用 aws configure 命令设置 AWS CLI 配置信息

aws configure set aws_access_key_id $aws_access_key_id
aws configure set aws_secret_access_key $aws_secret_access_key
aws configure set default.region $aws_default_region
aws configure set default.output $aws_output_format

2.4验证是否配置成功

aws  s3  ls

3.mysql授权备份用户

外部终端执行，不需要进入库

#mysql授权建立一个授权函数
check() {
    mysql=/opt/lucky/apps/mysql/bin/mysql
    sock=/opt/lucky/data/data_16303/mysql.sock
    passwd='123456'  #改成自己本地的mysql密码
    sql_command="GRANT BACKUP_ADMIN ON *.* TO 'root'@'localhost'; FLUSH PRIVILEGES;"
    $mysql -uroot -p$passwd -S $sock -e "$sql_command"
}
##执行授权函数
check

4.写入备份脚本

4.1创建一个放备份脚本的目录

脚本有两个地方需要修改的，一个是桶名字，一个是你的mysql密码

mkdir  -p  /data/backup/
vim /data/backup/backup_script.sh

#!/bin/bash
## --------------------- start config --------------------- ## 
## xtrabackup安装目录
XTRABACKUP_DIR="/usr/bin"
## 备份存放目录
BACKUP_DIR="/opt/backup"
## mysql安装目录
MYSQL_DIR="/opt/lucky/apps/mysql"
## 配置文件目录
MYSQL_CNF="/opt/lucky/conf/my_16303.cnf"
## 数据库用户
MYSQL_USER="root"
## 数据库密码
MYSQL_PASSWORD="password"
## 数据库端口
MYSQL_PORT=16303
## 数据库sock文件
MYSQL_SOCK="/opt/lucky/data/data_16303/mysql.sock"

## S3存储桶名称
S3_BUCKET="S3桶名"

## --------------------- end config --------------------- ## 

## 如果任何语句的执行结果不是true则应该退出。
set -e

## 当前天
CURRENT_DATE=$(date +%F)

## 当前小时（以24小时制表示）
CURRENT_HOUR=$(date +%H)

## AWS CLI 命令路径
aws_cmd="/usr/local/bin/aws"

function full_backup(){
    ## 描述：xtrabackup 全库备份
        
    PARA1=$1
    ## 开始时间
    START_TIME=$(date +"%s")
    ## 当前日期作为备份文件名后缀
    BACKUP_SUFFIX=$(date +"%Y%m%d%H")
    
    if [ ! -d "$BACKUP_DIR/$PARA1/full" ]; then
        mkdir $BACKUP_DIR/$PARA1/full -p
        ## 全库备份
        echo $(date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")" [Info] --> Starting full backup."
        $XTRABACKUP_DIR/xtrabackup --defaults-file=$MYSQL_CNF -u$MYSQL_USER -p$MYSQL_PASSWORD -S$MYSQL_SOCK --backup --target-dir=$BACKUP_DIR/$PARA1/full > $BACKUP_DIR/$PARA1/full/full_backup_$BACKUP_SUFFIX.log 2>&1 
        echo $(date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")" [Info] --> Backup logs in $BACKUP_DIR/$PARA1/full/full_backup_$BACKUP_SUFFIX.log."
        echo $(date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")" [Info] --> Backup complete, size: $(du $BACKUP_DIR/$PARA1 --max-depth=1 -hl | grep 'full' | awk '{print $1}')."
        echo $(date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")" [Info] --> Backup complete, using time: "$(($(date +"%s") - $START_TIME))" seconds."
        
        ## 打包全量备份
        tar -zcf $BACKUP_DIR/$PARA1/full_$BACKUP_SUFFIX.tar.gz $BACKUP_DIR/$PARA1/full
        ## 把打包好的压缩包上传到AWS S3
        $aws_cmd s3 cp $BACKUP_DIR/$PARA1/full_$BACKUP_SUFFIX.tar.gz s3://$S3_BUCKET/
        
        ## 检查上传成功后再删除备份目录和备份压缩包
        if [ $? -eq 0 ]; then
            echo $(date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")" [Info] --> Full backup has been compressed and uploaded successfully. Deleting backup directory and archive."
            rm -rf  /opt/backup
        else
            echo $(date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")" [Error] --> Failed to upload full backup archive to S3. Backup files have not been deleted."
        fi

        echo ''
    else
        echo $(date "+%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S")" [Info] --> Full backup directory already exists for the current hour."
        echo ''
    fi
}

function delete_seven_days_ago(){
        ## 描述：使用AWS命令删除S3桶内7天前的备份文件
        # 7天前的日期
        seven_days_ago=$(date -d "7 days ago" +%Y%m%d)

        # 列出存储桶中的文件
        files=$($aws_cmd s3 ls s3://$S3_BUCKET/)

        while read -r line; do
          # 获取文件名
          file_name=$(echo "$line" | awk '{print $4}')
          
          # 提取文件名中的日期部分（full_2023091207.tar.gz -> 2023091207）
          date_part=$(echo "$file_name" | grep -oE '[0-9]{10}')
          
          # 检查文件日期是否早于7天前
          if [[ -n "$date_part" && "$date_part" < "$seven_days_ago" ]]; then
            echo "Deleting $file_name..."
            
            # 删除文件
            $aws_cmd s3 rm "s3://$S3_BUCKET/$file_name"
            
            echo "File $file_name deleted."
          fi
        done <<< "$files"
}

## 每小时执行一次全量备份
full_backup $CURRENT_DATE
## 删除7天前的备份文件
delete_seven_days_ago

4.2赋予执行权限

chmod +x /data/backup/backup_script.sh

5.设定定时任务

0 * * * * /bin/bash /data/backup/backup_script.sh >> /data/backup/crontab_backup.log 2>&1