pt27网络云笔记项目
网络云笔记项目
七项功能: 注册、登陆、退出登陆、查看笔记列表、创建新笔记、修改笔记、删除笔记
数据库设计
模型类
user-app模型类 —>> 注册、登陆、退出登陆
note-app用户模型类 —>> 查看笔记列表、创建新笔记、修改笔记、删除笔记
初始化配置
[root@vm ~]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'create database net_note default charset utf8;'
[root@vm ~]# django-admin startproject net_note
[root@vm ~]# cd net_note
[root@vm net_note]# python3 manage.py startapp user
[root@vm net_note]# python3 manage.py startapp note
[root@vm net_note]# ls
manage.py net_note
[root@vm net_note]# vim net_note/settings.py
ALLOWED_HOSTS = ['*',]
INSTALLED_APPS = [
...
'user',
'note',
MIDDLEWARE = [
...
#先注释了，问题暂不解决 'django.middleware.csrf.CsrfViewMiddleware',
DATABASES = {
'default' : {
'ENGINE': 'django.db.backends.mysql',
'NAME': 'net_note',
'USER': 'root',
'PASSWORD': '123456',
'HOST': '127.0.0.1',
'PORT': '3306',
}
}
LANGUAGE_CODE = 'zh-Hans'
TIME_ZONE = "Asia/Shanghai"
[root@vm net_note]# python3 manage.py runserver 0.0.0.0:8000
user
[root@vm net_note]# vim user/models.py
from django.db import models
class User(models.Model):
username = models.CharField("用户名", max_length=30, unique=True)
password = models.CharField("密码", max_length=32)
created_time = models.DateTimeField('创建时间', auto_now_add=True)
updated_time = models.DateTimeField('更新时间', auto_now=True)
def __str__(self):
return "用户" + self.username
note
[root@vm net_note]# vim note/models.py
from django.db import models
from user.models import User
class Note(models.Model):
title = models.CharField('标题', max_length=100)
content = models.TextField('内容')
created_time = models.DateTimeField('创建时间', auto_now_add=True)
updated_time = models.DateTimeField('更新时间', auto_now=True)
user = models.ForeignKey(User, on_delete=models.CASCADE)
[root@vm net_note]# python3 manage.py makemigrations
Migrations for 'user':
user/migrations/0001_initial.py
- Create model User
Migrations for 'note':
note/migrations/0001_initial.py
- Create model Note
[root@vm net_note]# python3 manage.py migrate
[root@vm net_note]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'use net_note;show tables;'
+----------------------------+
| note_note |
| user_user |
+----------------------------+ #查看数据库验证app名_model类名的表
user设计规范
先配置号路由，再考虑界面功能
| 路由正则 | 视图函数 | 模板位置 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|---|
| /user/login | login_view | templates/user/login.html | 登陆 |
| /user/reg | reg_view | templates/user/register.html | 注册 |
| /user/logout | logout_view | 无 | 退出 |
user总路由
[root@vm net_note]# vim net_note/urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include
urlpatterns = [
...
path('user/',include('user.urls')),
user-注册
子路由
[root@vm net_note]# vim user/urls.py
from django.urls import path
from . import views
urlpatterns =[
path('reg',views.reg_view),
]
初步设计注册函数
[root@vm net_note]# vim user/views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
# Create your views here.
from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseRedirect
# Create your views here.
def reg_view(request):
if request.method == 'GET':
return render(request, 'user/register.html')
elif request.method == 'POST':
return HttpResponse('注册成功！')
初步创建注册页面
[root@vm net_note]# mkdir -p user/templates/user
[root@vm net_note]# vim user/templates/user/register.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>用户注册</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
初步验证
http://192.168.1.11:8000/user/reg #title显示 用户注册
完善注册页面
[root@vm net_note]# vim user/templates/user/register.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>用户注册</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/user/reg" method="post">
<p>
用户名:<input type="text" name="username">
</p>
<p>
密码:<input type="password" name="password_1">
</p>
<p>
再次密码:<input type="password" name="password_2">
</p>
<p>
<input type="submit" value="注册">
</p>
</form>
</body>
</html>
初步验证前后端逻辑
http://192.168.1.11:8000/user/reg #点击注册，显示注册成功
完善注册函数
常见的hash算法MD5 SHA1 SHA256， hash值不可逆运算，一般将密码hash，存hash值，(密码+时间戳hash安全些)，MD5 128位，32个字符，字段长度32。 sha256 256位，字段长度64
网上的破解都是算好的值，比如123456的值，查hash值得出123456。并不能逆运算得出
>>> import hashlib
>>> passwd='123456'
>>> md5=hashlib.md5()
>>> md5.update(passwd.encode()) #转换成字节串
>>> md5.hexdigest() #转换成16进制
'e10adc3949ba59abbe56e057f20f883e'
# sha256
>>> sha=hashlib.sha256()
>>> sha.update(passwd.encode())
>>> sha.hexdigest()
'8d969eef6ecad3c29a3a629280e686cf0c3f5d5a86aff3ca12020c923adc6c92'
1、hash算法计算结果定长输出，无论原始数据的大小
2、不可逆，根据hash值无法通过算法再计算出原始数据
3、输入敏感（雪崩效应），原始数据的微小修改都会造成hash值完全不同
>>> passwd2='123455'
>>> sha.update(passwd2.encode())
>>> sha.hexdigest()
'd5b1a767a48ed624e6b6ab70fe39f34539b3b40fe6900a6369f0b0e1ef0af827'
[root@vm net_note]# vim user/views.py
from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseRedirect
from django.shortcuts import render
import hashlib
from .models import User
# Create your views here.
def reg_view(request):
if request.method == 'GET':
return render(request, 'user/register.html')
elif request.method == 'POST':
# 1.接收用户提交的数据 根据form表单的name值去拿，打印验证
username = request.POST['username']
password_1 = request.POST['password_1']
password_2 = request.POST['password_2']
# print(username, password_1, password_2)
# 2.数据检查，验证为空返回
if not username or not password_1:
return HttpResponse("用户名和密码都不能为空")
if password_1 != password_2:
return HttpResponse("两次密码要一致")
# 3.计算密码的hash值
md5 = hashlib.md5()
md5.update(password_1.encode())
password_h = md5.hexdigest()
# 4.将数据添加到数据库
try:
User.objects.create(username=username,
password=password_h)
except:
return HttpResponse("用户名称被占用")
return HttpResponse('注册成功！')
注册验证，重名尝试，数据库查看
user-登录
子路由
[root@vm net_note]# vim user/urls.py
from django.urls import path
from . import views
urlpatterns =[
path('reg',views.reg_view),
path('login',views.login_view),
]
初步设计登录函数
[root@vm net_note]# vim user/views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
# Create your views here.
from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseRedirect
# Create your views here.
def login_view(request):
if request.method == "GET":
return render(request, 'user/login.html')
elif request.method == "POST":
return HttpResponse("登录成功！")
初步创建登录页面
[root@vm net_note]# vim user/templates/user/login.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>用户登录</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
初步验证
http://192.168.1.11:8000/user/login #title显示 用户登录
完善注册页面
[root@vm net_note]# vim user/templates/user/login.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>用户登录</title>
</head>
<body>
<form action="/user/login" method="post">
<p>
用户名:<input type="text" name="username">
</p>
<p>
密码:<input type="text" name="password">
</p>
<p>
<input type="submit" value="登录">
</p>
</form>
</body>
</html>
初步验证前后端逻辑
http://192.168.1.11:8000/user/login #点击登录，显示登录成功
完善注册函数
[root@vm net_note]# vim user/views.py
from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseRedirect
from django.shortcuts import render
import hashlib
from .models import User
# Create your views here.
def login_view(request):
if 'username' in request.session and 'uid' in request.session:
# 以后可以重定向到笔记列表
return HttpResponse("您已经登录了")
if request.method == "GET":
return render(request, 'user/login.html')
elif request.method == "POST":
# 登录逻辑
# 1 获取用户输入的数据
username = request.POST['username']
password = request.POST['password']
# 2 为空判断
if not username or not password:
return HttpResponse("用户名和密码都不能为空")
# 3 根据用户名获取用户对象
try:
user = User.objects.get(username=username)
except:
return HttpResponse("用户名或密码错误")
# 4 计算密码的hash值
md5 = hashlib.md5()
md5.update(password.encode())
password_h = md5.hexdigest()
if password_h != user.password:
return HttpResponse("用户名或密码错误")
# 5 在session中保存用户数据
request.session['username'] = user.username
request.session['uid'] = user.id
# return HttpResponse("登录成功！")
return HttpResponseRedirect("/note/")
登录验证，重名尝试，数据库查看
[root@vm net_note]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'select * from net_note.django_session;'
Empty set (0.00 sec)
http://192.168.1.11:8000/user/login #登录验证
[root@vm net_note]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'select * from net_note.django_session\G'
*************************** 1. row ***************************
session_key: 8w85iwmmzvd78qj82h645h8licl3ruzf
session_data: NDlkN2Y0OTE5NGQ0ZTM3MWNiODkzNDkwZm...
浏览器查看cookies里的sessionid ：8w85iwmmzvd78qj82h645h8licl3ruzf
user-退出
子路由
[root@vm net_note]# vim user/urls.py
from django.urls import path
from . import views
urlpatterns =[
path('reg',views.reg_view),
path('login',views.login_view),
path('logout',views.logout_view),
]
设计退出函数
[root@vm net_note]# vim user/views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
# Create your views here.
from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseRedirect
# Create your views here.
def logout_view(request):
if 'username' in request.session:
del request.session['username']
if 'uid' in request.session:
del request.session['uid']
return HttpResponse("用户注销成功！")
退出验证
http://192.168.1.11:8000/user/logout
note设计规范
| 路由正则 | 视图函数 | 模板位置 | 说明 |
|---|---|---|---|
| /note/ | list_view | templates/note/list_note.html | 显示笔记列表功能 |
| /note/add | add_view | templates/note/add_note.html | 添加云笔记 |
| /note/mod/(\d+) | mod_view | templates/note/mod_note.html | 修改之前云笔记 |
| /note/del/(\d+) | del_view | 无(返回列表页) | 删除云笔记 |
note总路由
[root@vm net_note]# vim net_note/urls.py
from django.contrib import admin
from django.urls import path, include
urlpatterns = [
...
path('note/',include('note.urls')),
显示、添加功能子路由
[root@vm net_note]# vim note/urls.py
from django.urls import path
from . import views
urlpatterns =[
path('', views.list_view),
path('add', views.add_view),
]
初步设计函数
[root@vm net_note]# vim note/views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
# Create your views here.
from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseRedirect
def list_view(request):
# 读取笔记,locals()传递数据
return render(request,
'note/list_note.html',
locals())
def add_view(request):
if request.method == 'GET':
return render(request,
'note/add_note.html')
elif request.method == 'POST':
# add your code here
return HttpResponse("添加笔记成功！")
初步创建页面
[root@vm net_note]# mkdir -p note/templates/note
[root@vm net_note]# vim note/templates/note/list_note.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>笔记列表</title>
</head>
<body>
</body>
</html>
[root@vm net_note]# vim note/templates/note/add_note.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>添加笔记</title>
</head>
<body>
<a href="/note/">返回列表页</a>
<form action="/note/add" method="post">
<p>
标题:<input type="text" name="title">
<input type="submit" value="提交">
</p>
<textarea name="content" cols="40" rows="10">
</textarea>
</form>
</body>
</html>
初步验证
http://192.168.1.11:8000/note/ #title显示 笔记列表
http://192.168.1.11:8000/note/add #返回列表页
装饰器使用
从功能设计上，对笔记的增删改查的操作，操作前，都需要做登录认证。可以编写登录认证的装饰器。
[root@vm net_note]# vim note/views.py
from django.shortcuts import render
# Create your views here.
from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseRedirect
#装饰器函数
def login_check(fn):
def wrap(request, *args, **kwargs):
if 'username' not in request.session or 'uid' not in request.session:
# 需要重定向到登录页面
return HttpResponseRedirect('/user/login')
else:
#返回修饰调用的函数
return fn(request, *args, **kwargs)
return wrap
def list_view(request): ...
@login_check
def add_view(request): ....
初步验证装饰器
#先删掉cookie
访问http://192.168.1.11:8000/note/add 跳转到login页面，登录后再次访问不跳转
完善添加功能函数
[root@vm net_note]# vim note/views.py
from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseRedirect
from django.shortcuts import render
from .models import Note
# Create your views here.
def login_check(fn):
def wrap(request, *args, **kwargs):
if 'username' not in request.session or 'uid' not in request.session:
# 需要重定向到登录页面
return HttpResponseRedirect('/user/login')
else:
return fn(request, *args, **kwargs)
return wrap
@login_check
def list_view(request):
# 读取笔记
return render(request,
'note/list_note.html',
locals())
@login_check
def add_view(request):
if request.method == 'GET':
return render(request,
'note/add_note.html')
elif request.method == 'POST':
# 1.从前端提供的表单中获取标题和内容
title = request.POST['title']
content = request.POST['content']
# 2.从session中获取用户ID
uid = request.session['uid']
# 3.添加笔记
Note.objects.create(title=title,
content=content,
user_id=uid)
return HttpResponse("添加笔记成功！")
随便添加一条笔记验证
[root@vm net_note]# mysql -uroot -p123456 -e 'select * from net_note.note_note\G'
*************************** 1. row ***************************
id: 1
title: test
content: 123
完善显示功能函数
from django.http import HttpResponse, HttpResponseRedirect
from django.shortcuts import render
from .models import Note
...
@login_check
def list_view(request):
# 读取笔记
# 1. 从session中获取用户名称
username = request.session['username']
# 2. 获取该用户的所有笔记
uid = request.session['uid']
notes = Note.objects.filter(user_id=uid)
return render(request,
'note/list_note.html',
locals())
完善显示页面
user的笔记 添加新笔记
ID 标题 创建时间 修改时间 操作
1 test …09:54 …09:54 修改 删除
[root@vm net_note]# vim note/templates/note/list_note.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>笔记列表</title>
</head>
<body>
{{ username }}的笔记 <a href="/note/add">添加新笔记</a>
<table>
<tr>
<th>ID</th>
<th>标题</th>
<th>创建时间</th>
<th>修改时间</th>
<th>操作</th>
</tr>
{% for note in notes %}
<tr>
<td>{{ note.id }}</td>
<td>{{ note.title }}</td>
<td>{{ note.created_time }}</td>
<td>{{ note.updated_time }}</td>
<td>
<a href="/note/mod/{{ note.id }}">修改</a>
<a href="/note/del/{{ note.id }}">删除</a>
</td>
</tr>
{% endfor %}
</table>
</body>
</html>
验证功能
http://192.168.1.11:8000/note/ #显示笔记列表，
#点击修改、删除能调到对应的id地址 http://192.168.1.11:8000/note/mod/1
修改、删除功能子路由
[root@vm net_note]# vim note/urls.py
from django.urls import path
from . import views
urlpatterns = [
path('', views.list_view),
path('add', views.add_view),
path('mod/' , views.mod_view),
path('del/' , views.del_view),
]
初步设计mod、del函数
[root@vm net_note]# vim note/views.py
...
@login_check
def mod_view(request, nid):
# 根据笔记id，获取笔记对象 1查，待补充
if request.method == "GET":
return render(request,
'note/mod_note.html',
locals())
elif request.method == "POST":
# 2改3保存，待补充
return HttpResponse("修改笔记成功！")
@login_check
def del_view(request, nid):
# add your code here
return HttpResponse("添加笔记成功！")
初步设计mod页面
[root@vm net_note]# vim note/templates/note/mod_note.html
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<meta charset="UTF-8">
<title>修改笔记
返回列表页