CentOS7.X下修改主机名网络配置

背景说明

日常项目开发过程中,运维同事们安装操作系统时设置的主机名称可能不符合我们的要求,这里记录修改主机名称和验证的方案

解决方案

前置依赖

此项操作需要CentOs系统的root用户权限。

查看当前主机名

如果当前主机名称为localhost.localdomain

[root@localhost ~]# hostname
localhost.localdomain
[root@localhost ~]# 

则需要修改主机名称
方案一

[root@localhost ~]# hostnamectl set-hostname iengine-dev
[root@localhost ~]# hostname
iengine-dev
[root@localhost ~]# 
[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/hostname
iengine-dev

方案二
修改配置文件 /etc/hostname 保存退出,然后重启机器。

vim /etc/hostname 
iengine-dev

执行ping主机名

[root@iengine-dev ~]# ping iengine-dev
PING localhost (127.0.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.021 ms
64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.017 ms
64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.017 ms
64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=42 ttl=64 time=0.017 ms
^C
--- localhost ping statistics ---
42 packets transmitted, 42 received, 0% packet loss, time 41172ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.016/0.016/0.025/0.005 ms
[root@iengine-dev ~]#

如果出现如下情况,请执行下一步操作,完成配置

[root@iengine-dev ~]# ping iengine-dev
ping: unknown host iengine-dev
[root@iengine-dev ~]# 

修改hosts配置

配置主机名称ip地址映射,通过vim命令编辑/etc/hosts,追加之前通过hostname命令出来的主机名,不需要重启服务器即可。

[root@iengine-dev ~]# vim /etc/hosts

原始文件内容如下:

    127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
    ::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6

追加主机名后文件内容如下:

    127.0.0.1   localhost localhost.localdomain localhost4 localhost4.localdomain4
    ::1         localhost localhost.localdomain localhost6 localhost6.localdomain6
   192.168.65.3   iengine-dev

保存并退出。

验证hosts配置

执行命令ping命令进行验证,输入如下类似结果,则说明配置生效

[root@iengine-dev ~]# ping iengine-dev
PING localhost (127.0.0.1) 56(84) bytes of data.
64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=1 ttl=64 time=0.021 ms
64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=2 ttl=64 time=0.017 ms
64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=3 ttl=64 time=0.017 ms
64 bytes from localhost (127.0.0.1): icmp_seq=42 ttl=64 time=0.017 ms
^C
--- localhost ping statistics ---
42 packets transmitted, 42 received, 0% packet loss, time 41172ms
rtt min/avg/max/mdev = 0.016/0.016/0.025/0.005 ms
[root@iengine-dev ~]#

配置说明

Linux系统在向DNS服务器发出域名解析请求之前会查询/etc/hosts文件,如果里面有相应的记录,就会使用hosts里面的记录。由此,/etc/hosts于设置hostname是没直接关系的,仅仅当你要在本机上用新的hostname来映射自己的IP时候才会用到/etc/hosts文件

注意事项

添加主机名需要在/etc/profile文件的127.0.0.1和::1后面均添加主机名,且新添加的主机名和已有的数据用半角空格做分隔

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