(一)词汇
1.attract[ə'trækt]v. 吸引,引起……的好感
2.a great number of许多,大量
3.fetch[fetʃ]v.(去)拿来;(去)请来
4.introduce[ɪntrəˈdjuːs]v. 介绍,引见
5.detail[ˈdiːteɪl]n. 详情;全部细节
6.strange[streɪndʒ]adj. 奇怪的;陌生的
7.pine[paɪn]n. 松树
8.lie in位于
9.length[leŋθ]n. 长,长度
10.waterfalln. 瀑布
11.height[haɪt]n. 高度;身高
12.grand[grænd]adj. 宏伟的
13.imperialadj. 帝王的;帝国的
14.carve[kɑːv]v. 刻,雕刻
15.stone[stəʊn]n. 石头,石料,岩石
16.guard[ɡɑːd]v. 守卫,保卫;看守
17.heaven[ˈhev(ə)n]n. 天堂(Heaven上帝)
18.comment[ˈkɒment]n. 评论 v. 做评论
19.responsibility[rɪspɒnsɪˈbɪlɪti]n.责任;义务
20.gradually[ˈɡrædjʊəli]adv. 逐步地,渐进地
21.marble[ˈmɑːb(ə)l]n. 大理石
22.entire[ɪnˈtaɪə]adj. 全部的;整个的
23.branch[brɑːntʃ]n. 支线;分支
24.construction[kənˈstrʌkʃ(ə)n]n. 建筑(物)
25.state[steɪt]n. 国家;州;政府;状态
26.remain[rɪˈmeɪn]v. 剩余,遗留;仍然是
27.brick[brɪk]n. 砖,砖块
28.separate[ˈsepərət]v. (使)分开,分离
29.enemy[ˈenɪmi]n. 敌人;反对者
30.expect[ɪks'pekt]v. 预料,预期;期待,盼望
31.treasure[ˈtreʒə]n. 财富;珍宝
32.civilization[sɪvɪlaɪˈzeɪʃ(ə)n]n. 文明
33.suppose[sə'pəʊz]v. 假定,假设;推断
34.attraction[əˈtrækʃ(ə)n]n. 向往的地方;吸引力
35.be famous for因……而著名
36.major[ˈmeɪdʒə]adj. 主要的;较大的
37.cocoa[ˈkəʊkəʊ]n. 可可饮料;可可粉
38.porcelainn. 瓷,瓷器
39.export[eks'pɔːt]n. 出口产品;出口;v. 出口
40.mild[maɪld]adj. 温暖的,暖和的(天气,尤指冬天);性情温和的
41.unique[jʊˈniːk]adj. 独特的,罕见的;独一无二的
42.include[ɪnˈkluːd]v. 包含,包括
43.world-famous[wɜːld-ˈfeɪməs]adj. 举世闻名的
44.firewood['faɪrwʊd]n. 木柴
45.sauce[sɔːs]n. 酱油;酱汁;调味汁
46.vinegar['vɪlɪdʒə]n. 醋
(二)习惯用语:
live with sb 与某人一起居住
places of interest名胜
millions of成百万上千万,数以百万计
all over/ around/ throughout the world世界各地
such as例如(后跟名词短语)
the birthplace of…… 发源地
anumber of一些,许多(饰复数名词,做主语时谓复)
the number of……的数量(饰复数名词,做主语时谓单)
fetch sb. sth./fetch sth. for sb. 给某人取某物
go through穿过
lie in位于
lie on 毗邻 (接壤)
lie to 位于……附近 (不接壤)
be worth doing sth.值得做某事
hear of听说
make one’s dream come true= realize one’s dream实现梦想
lose oneself in…沉浸于……
above在……的上方;
on 在……(表面)上
over在……的(垂直)正上方,(还表跨越、覆盖)
not only…but also…不仅……而且……(领近原则)
the surrounding area of周边地区
be surrounded with /by flowers被花朵包围 be surrounded on three sides by mountains三面环山
the home of……之乡
be known/famous as 作为……而著称
be known/famous for 因为……而著称
connect A with B 将A与B连接/联系起来
regard…as 把……看作
go on a visit to= visit 参观……
break down损坏;分解;抛锚
take away拿走
be covered with被……覆盖
do outdoor activities做户外活动
at the same time同时
(三)重点句型
(1) They're the birthplaces of Chinese culture.她们是中国文化的发源地
(2) …,I can fetch you Guide to China.It’s a book which introduces China in detail.
(3) Tibet is in the southwest of China,isn't it?
(4) …they are well worth visiting.
(5) That’s the most fantastic place that I have ever heard of.
(6) The scenery is so attractive that visitors often lose themselves in it.
(7) Hong Kong is known as the Oriental Pearl and Shopping Heaven.
(8) People's way of life in the north is quite different from that in the south.
(9) …,but people in the south travel not only by land but also by water.
(10) It’s two years since Mr. and Mrs. Green came to China.= Mr. and Mrs. Green have been in China for two years,
(四)定语从句(Ⅱ)
1. who指人,that也可指人,在从句中作主语或宾语。作主语时不能省略,作宾语时可省略。
e.g. The teacher who spoke at themeeting just now is having a rest in his office.
刚才在会上讲话的老师正在他办公室里休息。(作主语,不可省略)
2. whom指人,为who的宾格形式,在句中只能作宾语。其前没有介词时,也可用who/that代替,也可省略。
e.g. The girl (who/whom/that) I like isn’t here now.
我喜欢的那个女孩现在没在这儿。(作宾语,可省略)
The doctor with whom she went to the United States lastmonth is very famous.
上月与她同去美国的那位医生非常有名。
(作介词宾语,介词with提到了whom前,whom在此不能省略,也不能用who代替)
3. whose指人,也可指物,在从句中作定语,不可省略。
e.g. The girl whose father is a doctor is our classmate.
父亲是医生的那个女孩是我们的同学。
(作定语,不能省略)
常用that引导的定语从句:
1. 先行词是不定代词all, everything, nothing, anything, much,little, few等时。
e.g. Is there anything (that) youdon’t understand?
你还有不懂的地方吗?
2. 先行词被all, every, any, no, little, much等修饰时。
e.g. I want to read all the booksthat were written by Lu Xun. 我想读鲁迅写的所有的书。
3. 先行词被序数词及形容词最高级修饰时。
e.g. This is the best book (that)I have ever read.
这是我读过的最好的书。
4. 先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same修饰时。
(当先行词是人时,也可用关系代词who, whom)
e.g. He is the only personthat/who can help you out.
他是唯一一个能帮你摆脱困境的人。
5. 当有两个或两个以上分别表示人或物的先行词时。
e.g. We are talking about thepeople and the things (that) we have visited in this country.
我们正在谈论在这个国家所见过的人和事。
6. 关系代词作定语从句中be的表语时, that通常省略。
e.g. The city is no longer theone (that) it used to be.
这个城市不再是原来的样子了。
7. 主句是以who, what, which开头的特殊问句时。
e.g. Who is the person that is making this lecture?
是谁在做报告?
注:关系代词前有介词时只用which,不能用that。
e.g. The girl whose father is a doctor is our classmate.
父亲是医生的那个女孩是我们的同学。
(作定语,不能省略)
常用that引导的定语从句:
1. 先行词是不定代词all, everything, nothing, anything, much,little, few等时。
e.g. Is there anything (that) youdon’t understand?
你还有不懂的地方吗?
2. 先行词被all, every, any, no, little, much等修饰时。
e.g. I want to read all the booksthat were written by Lu Xun. 我想读鲁迅写的所有的书。
3. 先行词被序数词及形容词最高级修饰时。
e.g. This is the best book (that)I have ever read.
这是我读过的最好的书。
4. 先行词被the only, the very, the last, the same修饰时。
(当先行词是人时,也可用关系代词who, whom)
e.g. He is the only personthat/who can help you out.
他是唯一一个能帮你摆脱困境的人。
5. 当有两个或两个以上分别表示人或物的先行词时。
e.g. We are talking about thepeople and the things (that) we have visited in this country.
我们正在谈论在这个国家所见过的人和事。
6. 关系代词作定语从句中be的表语时, that通常省略。
e.g. The city is no longer theone (that) it used to be.
这个城市不再是原来的样子了。
7. 主句是以who, what, which开头的特殊问句时。
e.g. Who is the person that is making this lecture?
是谁在做报告?
注:关系代词前有介词时只用which,不能用that。