笔记：Linux安装python

If using RHEL/Fedora:

yum install libffi-devel

If using Debian/Ubuntu:

apt-get install libffi-dev

Python3中有个内置模块叫ctypes，它是Python3的外部函数库模块，它提供兼容C语言的数据类型，并通过它调用Linux系统下的共享库(Shared library)，此模块需要使用CentOS7系统中外部函数库(Foreign function library)的开发链接库(头文件和链接库)。

因此，需要先安装以上dev库再安装python。

python安装

安装底层依赖：

For Debian

# for xz
apt install xz-utils
# for sqlite3-dev
apt install libsqlite3-dev
# for bz2
apt install libbz2-dev
# for ssl
apt install libssl-dev
# for ctypes
apt install libffi-dev

For Centos

# for xz
yum install xz
yum install sqlite3-devel
yum install bzip2-devel
yum install openssl
yum install libffi-devel

# debian dependencies
apt-get install build-essential gdb lcov pkg-config \
      libbz2-dev libffi-dev libgdbm-dev libgdbm-compat-dev liblzma-dev \
      libncurses5-dev libreadline6-dev libsqlite3-dev libssl-dev \
      lzma lzma-dev tk-dev uuid-dev zlib1g-dev
# 安装make
apt install make
# 安装gcc
apt install gcc
# 安装g++
apt install g++
# 安装sqlite3-dev
# 
# 解压python3.8.12.tar.gz
tar -xvf python3.8.12.tar.xz
# 进入目录
cd python3.8.12
./configure --enable-optimizations --enable-loadable-sqlite-extensions --with-ssl
# 构造文件
make -j 4
# 安装
make altinstall