iOS performSelector方法总结

perfromSelector 的非延迟方法

- (id)performSelector:(SEL)aSelector;
- (id)performSelector:(SEL)aSelector withObject:(id)object;
- (id)performSelector:(SEL)aSelector withObject:(id)object1 withObject:(id)object2;

底层实现 源码地址

- (id)performSelector:(SEL)sel {
    if (!sel) [self doesNotRecognizeSelector:sel];
    return ((id(*)(id, SEL))objc_msgSend)(self, sel);
}

- (id)performSelector:(SEL)sel withObject:(id)obj {
    if (!sel) [self doesNotRecognizeSelector:sel];
    return ((id(*)(id, SEL, id))objc_msgSend)(self, sel, obj);
}

- (id)performSelector:(SEL)sel withObject:(id)obj1 withObject:(id)obj2 {
    if (!sel) [self doesNotRecognizeSelector:sel];
    return ((id(*)(id, SEL, id, id))objc_msgSend)(self, sel, obj1, obj2);
}

performSelector是运行时系统负责去找方法,在编译时不会对调用的方法做检查,只有在运行的时候才会检查,如果方法存在就调用,如果放不存在就不会调用。当然也可以通过使用 - (BOOL)respondsToSelector:(SEL)aSelector;方法去判断对象是否实现了要调用的方法。

这三个方法调用都是直接执行,相当于直接通过对象调用方法, [self performSelector:@selector(test)];与[self test]; 执行的结果是一致的,通过这些方法去执行是不需要子线程去启动Runloop的。方法内运行的线程就是调用performSelector所在的线程

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    NSLog(@"当前线程:%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
    [self performSelector:@selector(test1)];
    [self performSelector:@selector(test2:) withObject:@"小明"];
    [self performSelector:@selector(test3:andAge:) withObject:@"小明" withObject:@"10"];
    NSLog(@"****************************************");
    dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("新的并发队列", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);
    dispatch_async(queue, ^{
        NSLog(@"当前线程:%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
        [self performSelector:@selector(test1)];
        [self performSelector:@selector(test2:) withObject:@"小明"];
        [self performSelector:@selector(test3:andAge:) withObject:@"小明" withObject:@"10"];
    });
}

-(void)test1{
    NSLog(@"执行了test1 当前线程:%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
}

-(void)test2:(NSString *)name{
    NSLog(@"执行了test2 name:%@ 当前线程:%@",name,[NSThread currentThread]);
}

-(void)test3:(NSString *)name andAge:(NSString *) age{
    NSLog(@"执行了test3 name:%@ age:%@ 当前线程:%@",name,age,[NSThread currentThread]);
}
/*输出
 当前线程:{number = 1, name = main}
 执行了test1 当前线程:{number = 1, name = main}
 执行了test2 name:小明 当前线程:{number = 1, name = main}
 执行了test3 name:小明 age:10 当前线程:{number = 1, name = main}
 ****************************************
 当前线程:{number = 6, name = (null)}
 执行了test1 当前线程:{number = 6, name = (null)}
 执行了test2 name:小明 当前线程:{number = 6, name = (null)}
 执行了test3 name:小明 age:10 当前线程:{number = 6, name = (null)}
  */

上面的方法,最多可以支持传递2个参数,如果要传递2个以上,上面的方法就不能使用了。

  1. 方法一 objc_msgSend
((void (*) (id, SEL, NSString *, NSString *, NSString *)) objc_msgSend) (self, @selector(test4:andAge:andSex:), @"小明", @"10", @"男");

-(void)test4:(NSString *)name andAge:(NSString *) age andSex:(NSString *)sex{
    NSLog(@"执行了test4 name:%@ age:%@ sex:%@ 当前线程:%@",name,age,sex,[NSThread currentThread]);
}

/*输出
执行了test4 name:小明 age:10 sex:男 当前线程:{number = 1, name = main}
*/
  1. 方法二 NSInvocation

      //1、方法签名
      NSMethodSignature *signature = [[self class]instanceMethodSignatureForSelector:@selector(test4:andAge:andSex:)];
        //包装方法
        NSInvocation *invocation = [NSInvocation invocationWithMethodSignature:signature];
        //方法调用者
    		invocation.target = self;
    		//要调用的方法和方法签名中的方法一样
        invocation.selector = @selector(test4:andAge:andSex:);
        NSString *name = @"小明";
        NSString *age = @"10";
        NSString *sex = @"男";
        //设置传递的参数 0 代表target 1代表 selector 所以从2开始
        [invocation setArgument:&name atIndex:2];
        [invocation setArgument:&age atIndex:3];
        [invocation setArgument:&sex atIndex:4];
        //执行方法
        [invocation invoke];
        //获取返回值
        NSString *returnValue = @"";
        [invocation getReturnValue:&returnValue];
        NSLog(@"返回值:%@",returnValue);
        
        
    -(NSString *)test4:(NSString *)name andAge:(NSString *) age andSex:(NSString *)sex{
        NSLog(@"执行了test4 name:%@ age:%@ sex:%@ 当前线程:%@",name,age,sex,[NSThread currentThread]);
        return @"这是返回值";
    }
    
    /*
    	执行了test4 name:小明 age:10 sex:男 当前线程:{number = 1, name = main}
      返回值:这是返回值
    */
    

performSelector 的延迟执行方法

- (void)performSelector:(SEL)aSelector withObject:(nullable id)anArgument afterDelay:(NSTimeInterval)delay inModes:(NSArray *)modes;

- (void)performSelector:(SEL)aSelector withObject:(nullable id)anArgument afterDelay:(NSTimeInterval)delay;

在苹果文档中的介绍:

这个方法是设置了一个timer,在当前线程的runloop上执行aSelector消息,这个计时器的默认模式是NSDefaultRunLoopMode。当计时器触发时,会尝试从runloop中取出消息行,如果runloop运行的模式是NSDefaultRunLoopMode,那么就会执行它,如果当前runloop是其他模式,则会等待runloop处于NSDefaultRunLoopMode在运行。

如果希望在运行循环处于NSDefaultRunLoopMode以外的其他模式时使消息出队,请改用performSelector:withObject:afterDelay:inModes:方法。如果不确定当前线程是否为主线程,则可以使用performSelectorOnMainThread:withObject:waitUntilDone:或performSelectorOnMainThread:withObject:waitUntilDone:modes:方法来确保选择器在主线程上执行。要取消排队的消息,请使用cancelPreviousPerformRequestsWithTarget:或cancelPreviousPerformRequestsWithTarget:selector:object:方法。

特别注意事项
此方法向其当前上下文的runloop进行注册,并依赖于runloop才能正确执行。一种常见情况是,当在 dispatch queue上调用这个方法,但是runloop并没有启动,这个方法是不会运行的。如果想使用这个延迟功能在dispatch queue上,则应使用dispatch_after和相关方法来获得所需的行为。

Runloop源码地址

  1. 在主线程中调用
-(void)test1:(NSString *)name{
    NSLog(@"执行了test1 name:%@ 当前线程:%@",name,[NSThread currentThread]);
}

- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    //在主线程中,它的runloop是默认开启的,所有下面的方法是可以直接执行
    [self performSelector:@selector(test1:) withObject:@"小明" afterDelay:2];
}


//输出
//执行了test1 name:小明 当前线程:{number = 1, name = main}

  1. 在队列中,不调用[[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] run];
- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("并发队列", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);
    dispatch_async(queue, ^{
        //这个方法是不会执行的,因为此时的这个线程的runloop默认是没有开启的
        [self performSelector:@selector(test1:) withObject:@"小红" afterDelay:2];
    });
}
  1. 在队列中,在调用performSelector之前调用[[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] run];
- (void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("并发队列", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);
    dispatch_async(queue, ^{
        [[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] run];
        //这个方法是不会执行的,调用run方法只是尝试开启当前线程中的runloop,但是如果该线程中并没有任何事件(source、timer、observer)的话,runloop并不会开启。
        [self performSelector:@selector(test1:) withObject:@"小红" afterDelay:1];
    });
}
  1. 在队列中,在调用performSelector之后调用[[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] run];
-(void)viewDidLoad {
    [super viewDidLoad];
    dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("并发队列", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);
    dispatch_async(queue, ^{
        //成功调用函数
        [self performSelector:@selector(test1:) withObject:@"小红" afterDelay:1];
        [[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] run];
	});
}
//输出
//执行了test1 name:小红 当前线程:{number = 7, name = (null)}

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