- (id)performSelector:(SEL)aSelector;
- (id)performSelector:(SEL)aSelector withObject:(id)object;
- (id)performSelector:(SEL)aSelector withObject:(id)object1 withObject:(id)object2;
底层实现 源码地址
- (id)performSelector:(SEL)sel {
if (!sel) [self doesNotRecognizeSelector:sel];
return ((id(*)(id, SEL))objc_msgSend)(self, sel);
}
- (id)performSelector:(SEL)sel withObject:(id)obj {
if (!sel) [self doesNotRecognizeSelector:sel];
return ((id(*)(id, SEL, id))objc_msgSend)(self, sel, obj);
}
- (id)performSelector:(SEL)sel withObject:(id)obj1 withObject:(id)obj2 {
if (!sel) [self doesNotRecognizeSelector:sel];
return ((id(*)(id, SEL, id, id))objc_msgSend)(self, sel, obj1, obj2);
}
performSelector是运行时系统负责去找方法,在编译时不会对调用的方法做检查,只有在运行的时候才会检查,如果方法存在就调用,如果放不存在就不会调用。当然也可以通过使用 - (BOOL)respondsToSelector:(SEL)aSelector;方法去判断对象是否实现了要调用的方法。
这三个方法调用都是直接执行,相当于直接通过对象调用方法, [self performSelector:@selector(test)];与[self test]; 执行的结果是一致的,通过这些方法去执行是不需要子线程去启动Runloop的。方法内运行的线程就是调用performSelector所在的线程
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
NSLog(@"当前线程:%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
[self performSelector:@selector(test1)];
[self performSelector:@selector(test2:) withObject:@"小明"];
[self performSelector:@selector(test3:andAge:) withObject:@"小明" withObject:@"10"];
NSLog(@"****************************************");
dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("新的并发队列", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);
dispatch_async(queue, ^{
NSLog(@"当前线程:%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
[self performSelector:@selector(test1)];
[self performSelector:@selector(test2:) withObject:@"小明"];
[self performSelector:@selector(test3:andAge:) withObject:@"小明" withObject:@"10"];
});
}
-(void)test1{
NSLog(@"执行了test1 当前线程:%@",[NSThread currentThread]);
}
-(void)test2:(NSString *)name{
NSLog(@"执行了test2 name:%@ 当前线程:%@",name,[NSThread currentThread]);
}
-(void)test3:(NSString *)name andAge:(NSString *) age{
NSLog(@"执行了test3 name:%@ age:%@ 当前线程:%@",name,age,[NSThread currentThread]);
}
/*输出
当前线程:{number = 1, name = main}
执行了test1 当前线程:{number = 1, name = main}
执行了test2 name:小明 当前线程:{number = 1, name = main}
执行了test3 name:小明 age:10 当前线程:{number = 1, name = main}
****************************************
当前线程:{number = 6, name = (null)}
执行了test1 当前线程:{number = 6, name = (null)}
执行了test2 name:小明 当前线程:{number = 6, name = (null)}
执行了test3 name:小明 age:10 当前线程:{number = 6, name = (null)}
*/
上面的方法,最多可以支持传递2个参数,如果要传递2个以上,上面的方法就不能使用了。
((void (*) (id, SEL, NSString *, NSString *, NSString *)) objc_msgSend) (self, @selector(test4:andAge:andSex:), @"小明", @"10", @"男");
-(void)test4:(NSString *)name andAge:(NSString *) age andSex:(NSString *)sex{
NSLog(@"执行了test4 name:%@ age:%@ sex:%@ 当前线程:%@",name,age,sex,[NSThread currentThread]);
}
/*输出
执行了test4 name:小明 age:10 sex:男 当前线程:{number = 1, name = main}
*/
方法二 NSInvocation
//1、方法签名
NSMethodSignature *signature = [[self class]instanceMethodSignatureForSelector:@selector(test4:andAge:andSex:)];
//包装方法
NSInvocation *invocation = [NSInvocation invocationWithMethodSignature:signature];
//方法调用者
invocation.target = self;
//要调用的方法和方法签名中的方法一样
invocation.selector = @selector(test4:andAge:andSex:);
NSString *name = @"小明";
NSString *age = @"10";
NSString *sex = @"男";
//设置传递的参数 0 代表target 1代表 selector 所以从2开始
[invocation setArgument:&name atIndex:2];
[invocation setArgument:&age atIndex:3];
[invocation setArgument:&sex atIndex:4];
//执行方法
[invocation invoke];
//获取返回值
NSString *returnValue = @"";
[invocation getReturnValue:&returnValue];
NSLog(@"返回值:%@",returnValue);
-(NSString *)test4:(NSString *)name andAge:(NSString *) age andSex:(NSString *)sex{
NSLog(@"执行了test4 name:%@ age:%@ sex:%@ 当前线程:%@",name,age,sex,[NSThread currentThread]);
return @"这是返回值";
}
/*
执行了test4 name:小明 age:10 sex:男 当前线程:{number = 1, name = main}
返回值:这是返回值
*/
- (void)performSelector:(SEL)aSelector withObject:(nullable id)anArgument afterDelay:(NSTimeInterval)delay inModes:(NSArray *)modes;
- (void)performSelector:(SEL)aSelector withObject:(nullable id)anArgument afterDelay:(NSTimeInterval)delay;
在苹果文档中的介绍:
这个方法是设置了一个timer,在当前线程的runloop上执行aSelector消息,这个计时器的默认模式是NSDefaultRunLoopMode。当计时器触发时,会尝试从runloop中取出消息行,如果runloop运行的模式是NSDefaultRunLoopMode,那么就会执行它,如果当前runloop是其他模式,则会等待runloop处于NSDefaultRunLoopMode在运行。
如果希望在运行循环处于NSDefaultRunLoopMode以外的其他模式时使消息出队,请改用performSelector:withObject:afterDelay:inModes:方法。如果不确定当前线程是否为主线程,则可以使用performSelectorOnMainThread:withObject:waitUntilDone:或performSelectorOnMainThread:withObject:waitUntilDone:modes:方法来确保选择器在主线程上执行。要取消排队的消息,请使用cancelPreviousPerformRequestsWithTarget:或cancelPreviousPerformRequestsWithTarget:selector:object:方法。
特别注意事项
此方法向其当前上下文的runloop进行注册,并依赖于runloop才能正确执行。一种常见情况是,当在 dispatch queue上调用这个方法,但是runloop并没有启动,这个方法是不会运行的。如果想使用这个延迟功能在dispatch queue上,则应使用dispatch_after和相关方法来获得所需的行为。
Runloop源码地址
-(void)test1:(NSString *)name{
NSLog(@"执行了test1 name:%@ 当前线程:%@",name,[NSThread currentThread]);
}
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
//在主线程中,它的runloop是默认开启的,所有下面的方法是可以直接执行
[self performSelector:@selector(test1:) withObject:@"小明" afterDelay:2];
}
//输出
//执行了test1 name:小明 当前线程:{number = 1, name = main}
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("并发队列", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);
dispatch_async(queue, ^{
//这个方法是不会执行的,因为此时的这个线程的runloop默认是没有开启的
[self performSelector:@selector(test1:) withObject:@"小红" afterDelay:2];
});
}
- (void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("并发队列", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);
dispatch_async(queue, ^{
[[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] run];
//这个方法是不会执行的,调用run方法只是尝试开启当前线程中的runloop,但是如果该线程中并没有任何事件(source、timer、observer)的话,runloop并不会开启。
[self performSelector:@selector(test1:) withObject:@"小红" afterDelay:1];
});
}
-(void)viewDidLoad {
[super viewDidLoad];
dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("并发队列", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);
dispatch_async(queue, ^{
//成功调用函数
[self performSelector:@selector(test1:) withObject:@"小红" afterDelay:1];
[[NSRunLoop currentRunLoop] run];
});
}
//输出
//执行了test1 name:小红 当前线程:{number = 7, name = (null)}