【运维知识高级篇】一篇文章带你上手Maven私服nexus！
这篇文章带大家了解nexus私服的内容，我们在maven编译的时候需要拉取很多依赖，如果是用maven官方的中央仓库拉取的话，有些依赖比较缓慢，影响构建速度。我们通常有两种解决方式，一种是将maven拉取镜像的数据源修改成阿里云这种国内的镜像，还有一种是可以配置一个nexus私服，去保存一些常见的依赖，也可以当yum仓库使用，存放rpm包，这种nexus私服，类似于yum仓库，harbor仓库。
文章目录
- 修改Maven数据源
- 部署Nexus
- Nexus基础配置与使用
修改Maven数据源
我们先来介绍第一种提升Maven构建速度的方式，修改成国内的数据源。
1、将下面的配置内容复制到我们maven的配置文件里，找mirror字样的。
nexus-aliyun
*
Nexus aliyun
http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public
2、测试数据源是否是通过阿里云的源下载。
[root@Jenkins ~]# cd hello-world-war/
[root@Jenkins hello-world-war]# mvn clean
...
Downloaded: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/codehaus/plexus/plexus-utils/3.0/plexus-utils-3.0.jar (0 B at 0.0 KB/sec)
...
[root@Jenkins hello-world-war]# mvn package
...
Downloaded: http://maven.aliyun.com/nexus/content/groups/public/org/apache/maven/shared/maven-filtering/1.0-beta-2/maven-filtering-1.0-beta-2.jar (0 B at 0.0 KB/sec)
[INFO] Packaging webapp
[INFO] Assembling webapp [hello-world-war] in [/root/hello-world-war/target/hello-world-war-1.0.0]
[INFO] Processing war project
[INFO] Copying webapp resources [/root/hello-world-war/src/main/webapp]
[INFO] Webapp assembled in [268 msecs]
[INFO] Building war: /root/hello-world-war/target/hello-world-war-1.0.0.war
[INFO] WEB-INF/web.xml already added, skipping
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 45.227 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2023-09-05T22:30:52+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 11M/77M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
部署Nexus
浏览器访问：https://www.sonatype.com/download-oss-sonatype
进入nexus官网，填写一些信息，点击download就可以下载了，但是需要填公司邮箱，蛮麻烦的，文末有我自己准备的nexus-3.13.0-01-unix.tar下载链接，相对方便些。
[root@Nexus ~]# rpm -ivh jdk-8u181-linux-x64.rpm
[root@Nexus ~]# tar xf nexus-3.13.0-01-unix.tar.gz
[root@Nexus ~]# mv nexus-3.13.0-01 /usr/local/nexus
[root@Nexus ~]# /usr/local/nexus/bin/nexus start
WARNING: ************************************************************
WARNING: Detected execution as "root" user. This is NOT recommended!
WARNING: ************************************************************
Starting nexus
[root@Nexus ~]# /usr/local/nexus/bin/nexus status
WARNING: ************************************************************
WARNING: Detected execution as "root" user. This is NOT recommended!
WARNING: ************************************************************
nexus is running.
需要多等一会，大概几分钟。因为他是把内存变成了仓库，如果担心出问题可以使用/usr/local/nexus/bin/nexus run，在前台运行
端口是8081，有端口后浏览器访问10.0.0.202:8081即可。
[root@Nexus nexus]# ss -ntl|grep 8081
LISTEN 0 50 *:8081 *:*
Nexus基础配置与使用
右上角登陆用户，账号admin，密码admin123
1、配置备用依赖源
点进center仓库
更换备用源为阿里源，如果这个仓库中没有相应的依赖，会从阿里源去拉取。
修改后下滑保存
2、复制public源
http://10.0.0.202:8081/repository/maven-public/
复制上面的地址，把它替换到maven配置文件中即可。
下滑可以看到在这个镜像仓库的组里有三个成员，在上面的源搜索其实是在这三个仓库里去寻找依赖，如果这三个库都没有，就会去刚才配置的阿里源里面去寻找。
3、改动maven的依赖源
需要改动的地方很多，可以直接复制我改好的作为setting.xml
[root@Jenkins ~]# cd /usr/local/maven/conf/
[root@Jenkins conf]# mv settings.xml settings.xml.bak
[root@Jenkins conf]# cat settings.xml
my-nexus-releases
admin
admin123
my-nexus-snapshot
admin
admin123
nexus
*
http://10.0.0.202:8081/repository/maven-public/
nexus
central
http://10.0.0.202:8081/repository/maven-public/
true true
central
http://10.0.0.202:8081/repository/maven-public/
true true
nexus
4、试用nexus仓库
[root@Jenkins conf]# cd ~/hello-world-war/
[root@Jenkins hello-world-war]# mvn clean
...
[INFO] Building Hello World Web Application Repository 1.0.0
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
Downloading: http://10.0.0.202:8081/repository/maven-public/org/apache/maven/plugins/maven-clean-plugin/2.5/maven-clean-plugin-2.5.pom
...
[root@Jenkins hello-world-war]# mvn package
Downloaded: http://10.0.0.202:8081/repository/maven-public/com/thoughtworks/xstream/xstream/1.3.1/xstream-1.3.1.jar (0 B at 0.0 KB/sec)
[INFO] Packaging webapp
[INFO] Assembling webapp [hello-world-war] in [/root/hello-world-war/target/hello-world-war-1.0.0]
[INFO] Processing war project
[INFO] Copying webapp resources [/root/hello-world-war/src/main/webapp]
[INFO] Webapp assembled in [172 msecs]
[INFO] Building war: /root/hello-world-war/target/hello-world-war-1.0.0.war
[INFO] WEB-INF/web.xml already added, skipping
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 01:33 min
[INFO] Finished at: 2023-09-10T20:46:24+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 11M/46M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
试用首次package的时候还是需要很久，因为202仓库里面没有这些依赖，需要从阿里源去拉取。
我们再次进行清理和打包，发现打包时间又一分半变成了6秒。
[root@Jenkins hello-world-war]# mvn clean
[root@Jenkins hello-world-war]# mvn package
[INFO] WEB-INF/web.xml already added, skipping
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
[INFO] Total time: 6.674 s
[INFO] Finished at: 2023-09-10T20:47:31+08:00
[INFO] Final Memory: 10M/97M
[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------
Nexus私服下载链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1i0uf1Qy5UuYRJcm_3mLCpw?pwd=7fxh
JDK下载链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1sGftvjyOtGI4ji4zRMFi1Q?pwd=nlyo