day09--英语学习（虚拟语气）

虚拟语气

虚拟语气就是与事实相反

• 与将来可能相反
• 与现在相反

• 与过去相反

  
  
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与过去相反

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could(表示能力，译为：能) would（表示将要，译为：会）should（表示应该）might(表示可能)
//下面的句子都表示与主、从句相反
1: If you hadnot got up so late,you should have finished your homework

2: If i had come here early,that kid could have saved.

3: If you had told me early,i wouldnot have been angry at that time
4: If i had known what kind of man he was,i would not have helped him;

与现在相反

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1: If i did have money,i might buy a phone
-->If i had money,i might buy a phone

2: If he were here right now ,we could tell him this good news

3: If i were you,i would not do that

4: If i had a brother,i could ask him for help

与将来可能相反

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If it rained tomorrow，we would cancel the class;
If it were to rain tomorrow，we would cancel the class;
If it should  rain tomorrow，we would cancel the class;

只主句相反

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* 与过去相反
你起晚了，否则（要不然）你本来改完成作业的
1: You got up late otherwise  you could have finished your homework


* 与现在相反
2: 我没有钱，否则我就会买个手机
I do n0t have enough money otherwise i would buy a phone

* 与将来相反
3: 明天肯定不会下雨，要不然我们就取消课程
It's can not rain tomorrow, or we would cancel the class;

只有主句，没有从句--通过without（没有）、but for(要不是)

如果与真理跟定理相反，则是与一般现在时相反

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1:Our plant would not have life without sunlight

2:We could not finish my home work without your help

3:I was sick otherwise i could come here early

4:He told your birthday to me otherwise i would have known anything

5:We could not be here but for your support

6:We could not survive without water

7:He has no money or he would not go to work

8: She could not do anything without she

9:  He got up late otherwise  he could Catch the train

10:My life is meaningless without you

11: We wouldn't even be in touch but for high technology

只与从句相反

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1:How i wish he had not left;
2:I wish it would rain tomorrow
3:How i wish i were as tall  as you
4:I wish everyday were my birthday
5:I wish i had not eaten so much watermalen
6:I wish i had not been so angry
7:I wish i had not seen him that day
8:I wish i had more time to play with my friends every day
9: I wish i did not have to study every day
10:I wish i could grow up soon
11:I wish it werenot raining now
12:I wish i were a bird and could fly in the sky

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1：If only i knew where he lived
2: If only i had taken you advice 
3:If only he could come tomorrow
4: If only i had  a lot of money
5: If only i had study english well before
6: If only lived near you 
7: If only i were you

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** would rather 没有与将来相反，如果与将来相反也用与现在相反的语法规则**

1: I would rather you gave me the money now 
2: I would rather you had gone
3: I would rather you came here tomorrow
4: I would rather you had not told me that thing
5: I would rather i did not have you as a friend

//would rather do sth than do sth 宁愿干某事也不愿干某事 不属于虚拟语气
6: I would rather throw it  anyway than give it to you 
7: I would rather tell anyone than tell him
8:I would rather stay at home than go out with you 
9: He would rather die than betray my country

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1: He looks as if he were a artist
2:He speaks english so fluently as if  he had been in America
3: He studies english so hard as if he would go to America
4: She loves the  baby so well as if it were her own 
5: I remember the whole  thing as if  it happend yesterday
6:They talk as if they had been friends for years
7:He looks as if he were drunk

主、从句 相反的时间不一致

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1:从句是现在（将来）主句将来（现在）他们的主句结构一致
2: 从句是现在，主句是过去--你如果好好学习，你以前就会怎么样了，汉语中没有这种说法，只有一中特列
如果我是你，我当时不会那么做。if i were you i would not have done it
3:从句是将来，主句是过去--汉语中没有这种说法
4:从句是过去，主句是将来--如果你昨天把作业做完，你明天就可以出去玩，句子可以行
5:句是过去，主句是现在---这个句子结构跟4的主句是同一只结构

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名词性从句的虚拟语气

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//suggest 有暗示，表明的意思，这时宾语从句不用虚拟语气
//insist 如果是坚称的意思时，这时宾语从句不用虚拟语气

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//主语从句

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