与值域有关的问题（非权值线段树）——运用分块：1004T1

• 区间小于等于某值
• 区间加

显然同时涉及区间和值域，不能用log级ds来做，常见套路就是上分块

这题是个复合题，后面就是个组合数

#include
using namespace std;
#define int long long
inline int read(){int x=0,f=1;char ch=getchar(); while(ch<'0'||
ch>'9'){if(ch=='-')f=-1;ch=getchar();}while(ch>='0'&&ch<='9'){
x=(x<<1)+(x<<3)+(ch^48);ch=getchar();}return x*f;}
#define Z(x) (x)*(x)
#define pb push_back
//mt19937 rand(time(0));
//mt19937_64 rand(time(0));
//srand(time(0));
#define N 200010
//#define M
#define mo 998244353
int pw(int a, int b) {
	int ans=1; 
	while(b) {
		if(b&1) ans*=a; 
		a*=a; b>>=1; 
		ans%=mo; a%=mo; 
	}
	return ans; 
}
int fac[N], inv[N], ifac[N]; 
void init(int n) {
	int i; 
	for(i=fac[0]=1; i<=n; ++i) fac[i]=fac[i-1]*i%mo; 
	ifac[n]=pw(fac[n], mo-2); 
	for(i=n-1; i>=0; --i) ifac[i]=ifac[i+1]*(i+1)%mo; 
    for(i=1; i<=n; ++i) inv[i]=ifac[i]*fac[i-1]%mo; 
}
int C(int n, int m) {
//	if(m>n) return 0;
	return fac[n]*ifac[m]%mo*ifac[n-m]%mo; 
}
const int iv2=pw(2, mo-2); 
struct node { int x, id; } b[N];
struct Node { int k, s, id, ans; } d[N];
int n, m, i, j, k, T;
int l, r, nw, q, op, L, R, pp; 
int tag[N], a[N], x; 

signed main()
{
//	freopen("in.txt", "r", stdin);
//	freopen("out.txt", "w", stdout);
		freopen("cook.in", "r", stdin);
	freopen("cook.out", "w", stdout);
//	T=read();
//	while(T--) {
//
//	}
	n=read(); q=read(); m=sqrt(n); init(2*n); 
//	printf(">> %lld\n", m); 
	
	for(i=1; i<=n; ++i) a[i]=read(); 
	for(l=1; l<=n; l=r+1) {
		r=min(n, (l/m+1)*m); tag[(l-1)/m+1]=0; 
//		printf("[%lld %lld]\n", l, r); 
		for(j=l; j<=r; ++j) b[j].x=a[j], b[j].id=j; 
		sort(b+l, b+r+1, [] (node x, node y) { return x.x<y.x; }); 
	}
//	for(i=1; i<=n; ++i) printf("%lld ", b[i].x); printf("\n"); 
	
	auto work = [&] (int k) -> void {
		int st=(k-1)*m+1, ed=k*m; 
//		printf("# %d [%d %d] %d %d\n", k, st, ed, l, r); 
		for(int j=st; j<=ed; ++j) 
			if(b[j].id>=l && b[j].id<=r) b[j].x+=x; 
		sort(b+st, b+ed+1, [] (node x, node y) { return x.x<y.x; }); 
	}; 
	auto find = [&] (int k, int t) -> int {
		int st=max(l, (k-1)*m+1), ed=min(r, k*m); 
		if(b[st].x>t) return 0; 
		while(st<ed) {
			int mid=(st+ed+1)>>1; 
			if(b[mid].x<=t) st=mid; 
			else ed=mid-1; 
		}
		return st-max(l, (k-1)*m+1)+1; 
	}; 
	auto calc = [&] (int k) -> int {
		int st=(k-1)*m+1, ed=k*m, ans=0; 
		for(int j=st; j<=ed; ++j) 
			if(b[j].id>=l && b[j].id<=r && b[j].x+tag[k]<=x) ++ans; 
		return ans; 
	}; 
	
	for(i=1, j=0; i<=q; ++i) {
		op=read(); l=read(); r=read(); 		
		L=((l-1)/m+1); R=((r-1)/m+1); 
		if(op==1) {	
			x=read(); 
			for(pp=L+1; pp<=R-1; ++pp) tag[pp]+=x; 
			work(L); if(L!=R) work(R); 
//			for(pp=1; pp<=n; ++pp) printf("%d ", b[pp].x+tag[pp/m+1]); printf("\n"); 
		}	
		else {
			x=read(); d[++j].k=read(); d[j].id=i; 
			for(pp=L+1; pp<=R-1; ++pp) d[j].s+=find(pp, x-tag[pp]); 
			d[j].s+=calc(L); if(L!=R) d[j].s+=calc(R); 
			d[j].k=min(d[j].k, d[j].s); 
		}
//		printf("%d [%d %d] %d\n", op, l, r, d[j].s); 

	}
	
//	printf("# %lld\n", j); 

	auto cmp = [&] (Node x, Node y) -> bool {
		if(x.s/m==y.s/m) return x.k<y.k; 
		return x.s/m<y.s/m; 
	}; 
	
	sort(d+1, d+j+1, cmp); 
	for(i=1, l=r=1, nw=2; i<=j; ++i) {
		while(l<d[i].s) nw=(2*nw-C(l, r))%mo, ++l; 
		while(l>d[i].s) --l, nw=(nw+C(l, r))*iv2%mo; 
		while(r<d[i].k) nw=(nw+C(l, r+1))%mo, ++r; 
		while(r>d[i].k) nw=(nw-C(l, r))%mo, --r; 
//		printf("S(%lld %lld)=%lld\n", d[i].s, d[i].k, nw); 
		nw=(nw%mo+mo)%mo; 
		d[i].ans=nw; 
	}
	sort(d+1, d+j+1, [] (Node x, Node y) { return x.id<y.id; }); 
	for(i=1; i<=j; ++i) printf("%lld\n", d[i].ans); 
	return 0;
}