【研究生学术英语读写教程翻译 中国科学院大学Unit10】

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Unit 10 The Doctor’s Dilemma: ls lt Ever Good to Do Harm?

医生的困境：伤害永远是好事吗？

Gwen Adshead
Medical knowledge changes swiftly, and technological changes make new andexpensive investigations and treatments possible that were only theoretical a few years ago. Life has been extended in length, but not in quality, and the debatesabout end-of-life decisions show us how much the notion of a“good life”is boundup with the absence of disease, illness and suffering.

医学知识瞬息万变，技术变革使得新的、昂贵的研究和治疗成为可能，而这些在几年前还只是理论上的。生命的长度有所延长，但质量却没有提高。关于临终决定的争论向我们展示了“美好生活”的概念在多大程度上与没有疾病、疾病和痛苦联系在一起。

The practice of medicine is not purely technical. It involves a relationship betweena person who is seeking help and who may be vulnerable, and a person who hasthe skills and knowledge to help. Relationships that involve disparities of power,knowledge and vulnerability require some degree of external oversight andregulation.Traditionally, in medicine, this oversight has taken the form of codes of ethics, starting with the Hippocratic Corpus. Today, bodies such as the General Medical Council and the Royal Colleges define the standards of good medical practice.

医学实践不仅仅是技术性的。它涉及寻求帮助和可能脆弱的人与拥有帮助技能和知识的人之间的关系。涉及权力、知识和脆弱性差异的关系需要一定程度的外部监督和监管。传统上，在医学领域，这种监督采取了道德守则的形式，从希波克拉底语料库开始。今天，总医疗委员会和皇家学院等机构定义了良好医疗实践的标准。

There has been much discussion of how we make moral choices, but what do wemean by a “moral"decision in medicine?Conventionally, we are distinguishing whatis clinically and technically possible from whether it is “right"to intervene at all. For example, if a person’s heart stops, we know we can resuscitate them, but should we do so?