Lichee_RV学习系列---移植dhrystone
Lichee_RV学习系列文章目录
Lichee_RV学习系列—认识Lichee_RV、环境搭建和编译第一个程序
文章目录
- Lichee_RV学习系列文章目录
- 一、dhrystone简介
- 二、dhrystone源码下载
- 三、dhrystone移植
-
- 1、移植官方源码
- 2、移植GitHub开源代码
-
- a：修改Makefile文件
- b：编译
- 3、执行dhrstone代码
- 总结
一、dhrystone简介
dhrystone是测试CPU运算能力的一个用C编写的程序，检验CPU效率的计量单位是每秒计算多少次Dhrystone。
缺陷：
- 该程序是用C编写的，容易受到编译器影响，不同优化选项下，测试的性能并不一致。
- 代码量小，在现代CPU中，它能够被放进指令缓存中，所以它并不能严格的测量取指性能。
参考链接1
百度百科参考链接
二、dhrystone源码下载
dhrystone核心的文件就三个：dhry_1.c、dhry_2.c、dhry.h，只要把这三个文件修改一下就可以了
官方dhrystone 2.1源码
Github:iwannatto，开源的代码
之前写K210的文章有介绍一个Github加速器（往下拉就能找到了），访问不了github可以看看这个文章
三、dhrystone移植
1、移植官方源码
移植可以直接移植官方的，但是如果移植官方的会有比较多的错误。
我移植过程出现的错误就有，一个个修改起来比较麻烦：
- 常见C库函数的重定义（malloc等）
- 没有包含使用到的C库的头文件：如
- 一些系统定义的变量，如系统中断HZ变量没有包含
- 函数没有声明等
这个是我编译官方文件出现的问题：
dhry_1.c: In function 'main':
dhry_1.c:150:5: warning: implicit declaration of function 'Proc_5' [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
Proc_5();
^~~~~~
dhry_1.c:151:5: warning: implicit declaration of function 'Proc_4' [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
Proc_4();
^~~~~~
dhry_1.c:157:19: warning: implicit declaration of function 'Func_2'; did you mean 'Func_1'? [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
Bool_Glob = ! Func_2 (Str_1_Loc, Str_2_Loc);
^~~~~~
Func_1
dhry_1.c:163:7: warning: implicit declaration of function 'Proc_7' [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
Proc_7 (Int_1_Loc, Int_2_Loc, &Int_3_Loc);
^~~~~~
dhry_1.c:168:5: warning: implicit declaration of function 'Proc_8' [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
Proc_8 (Arr_1_Glob, Arr_2_Glob, Int_1_Loc, Int_3_Loc);
^~~~~~
dhry_1.c:170:5: warning: implicit declaration of function 'Proc_1'; did you mean 'Func_1'? [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
Proc_1 (Ptr_Glob);
^~~~~~
Func_1
dhry_1.c:177:9: warning: implicit declaration of function 'Proc_6' [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
Proc_6 (Ident_1, &Enum_Loc);
^~~~~~
dhry_1.c:188:5: warning: implicit declaration of function 'Proc_2' [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
Proc_2 (&Int_1_Loc);
^~~~~~
dhry_1.c:225:40: warning: cast from pointer to integer of different size [-Wpointer-to-int-cast]
printf (" Ptr_Comp: %d\n", (int) Ptr_Glob->Ptr_Comp);
^
dhry_1.c:236:40: warning: cast from pointer to integer of different size [-Wpointer-to-int-cast]
printf (" Ptr_Comp: %d\n", (int) Next_Ptr_Glob->Ptr_Comp);
^
dhry_1.c:50:27: error: 'HZ' undeclared (first use in this function)
#define Too_Small_Time (2*HZ)
^~
dhry_1.c:263:19: note: in expansion of macro 'Too_Small_Time'
if (User_Time < Too_Small_Time)
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
dhry_1.c:50:27: note: each undeclared identifier is reported only once for each function it appears in
#define Too_Small_Time (2*HZ)
^~
dhry_1.c:263:19: note: in expansion of macro 'Too_Small_Time'
if (User_Time < Too_Small_Time)
^~~~~~~~~~~~~~
dhry_1.c: At top level:
dhry_1.c:291:1: warning: return type defaults to 'int' [-Wimplicit-int]
Proc_1 (Ptr_Val_Par)
^~~~~~
dhry_1.c: In function 'Proc_1':
dhry_1.c:307:3: warning: implicit declaration of function 'Proc_3'; did you mean 'Proc_1'? [-Wimplicit-function-declaration]
Proc_3 (&Next_Record->Ptr_Comp);
^~~~~~
Proc_1
dhry_1.c: At top level:
dhry_1.c:325:1: warning: return type defaults to 'int' [-Wimplicit-int]
Proc_2 (Int_Par_Ref)
^~~~~~
dhry_1.c:348:1: warning: return type defaults to 'int' [-Wimplicit-int]
Proc_3 (Ptr_Ref_Par)
^~~~~~
dhry_1.c:363:1: warning: return type defaults to 'int' [-Wimplicit-int]
Proc_4 () /* without parameters */
^~~~~~
dhry_1.c:375:1: warning: return type defaults to 'int' [-Wimplicit-int]
Proc_5 () /* without parameters */
^~~~~~
make: *** [dhry_1.o] Error 1
2、移植GitHub开源代码
我找到github开源的代码，简单修改Makefile文件就能跑的GitHub开源代码，作者是基于dhrystone2.2版本的。
由于iwannatto，它已经把一些警告，他如我上面说到的这些警告和错误已经解决掉了。添加了Linux相关的头文件，比如#include
a：修改Makefile文件
需要做的就是简单修改Makefile文件即可编译代码:设置交叉工具链、把一些没有要的代码注释掉，下面是我简单修改后的Makefile文件。
.PHONY: run clean
# Set compilation tool chain
CTOOL:=riscv64-unknown-linux-gnu-
CCL:=/home/allwinner/workspace/tina-D1-H/prebuilt/gcc/linux-x86/riscv/toolchain-thead-glibc/riscv64-glibc-gcc-thead_20200702
CC:=${CCL}/bin/${CTOOL}gcc
CFLAGS=-O3
run: dry2 dry2nr dry2o
# ./dry2 ${1-50000} 2>/dev/null
# ./dry2nr ${1-50000} 2>/dev/null
# ./dry2o ${1-50000} 2>/dev/null
dry2: dry.h dry1.c dry2.c
${CC} -c ${CFLAGS} dry1.c -o dry1.o
${CC} ${CFLAGS} dry2.c dry1.o ${LFLAGS} -o dry2
dry2nr: dry.h dry1.c dry2.c
${CC} -c -DREG ${CFLAGS} dry1.c -o dry1.o
${CC} -DREG ${CFLAGS} dry2.c dry1.o ${LFLAGS} -o dry2nr
dry2o: dry.h dry1.c dry2.c
${CC} -c -O ${CFLAGS} dry1.c -o dry1.o
${CC} -O ${CFLAGS} dry2.c dry1.o ${LFLAGS} -o dry2o
clean:
rm -f dry1.o dry2 dry2nr dry2o
b：编译
编译文件会有三个可执行文件，分别是dry2、dry2nr、dry2o
这三个文件的区别就是编译的时候使用了不同的参数。
dry2：普通的编译
dry2nr：编译加了-DREG
dry2o：编译添加了-O，优化了代码
3、执行dhrstone代码
执行先需要先将整个目录放到开发板，直接使用adb push windows目录 Linux目录，将文件送到开发板(ADB使用可以看我这个系列的第一篇文章)
修改文件权限：chmod 777 dry2 dry2nr dry2o
下面是我执行dry2o后的结果:在我这块Lichee Rv Docx CPU运行的效率为：每秒运行Dhrystones的次数为：3003003
root@MaixLinux:/mnt/dhrystone# ./dry2o
Dhrystone Benchmark, Version C, Version 2.2
Program compiled without 'register' attribute
Using times(), HZ=100
Trying 50000 runs through Dhrystone:
Measured time too small to obtain meaningful results
Trying 500000 runs through Dhrystone:
Measured time too small to obtain meaningful results
Trying 5000000 runs through Dhrystone:
Measured time too small to obtain meaningful results
Trying 50000000 runs through Dhrystone:
Final values of the variables used in the benchmark:
Int_Glob: 5
should be: 5
Bool_Glob: 1
should be: 1
Ch_1_Glob: A
should be: A
Ch_2_Glob: B
should be: B
Arr_1_Glob[8]: 0
should be: 7
Arr_2_Glob[8][7]: 50000010
should be: Number_Of_Runs + 10
Ptr_Glob->
Ptr_Comp: 0x6417260
should be: (implementation-dependent)
Discr: 0
should be: 0
Enum_Comp: 2
should be: 2
Int_Comp: 17
should be: 17
Str_Comp: DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, SOME STRING
should be: DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, SOME STRING
Next_Ptr_Glob->
Ptr_Comp: 0x6417260
should be: (implementation-dependent), same as above
Discr: 0
should be: 0
Enum_Comp: 1
should be: 1
Int_Comp: 18
should be: 18
Str_Comp: DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, SOME STRING
should be: DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, SOME STRING
Int_1_Loc: 5
should be: 5
Int_2_Loc: 13
should be: 13
Int_3_Loc: 7
should be: 7
Enum_Loc: 1
should be: 1
Str_1_Loc: DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, 1'ST STRING
should be: DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, 1'ST STRING
Str_2_Loc: DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, 2'ND STRING
should be: DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, 2'ND STRING
Microseconds for one run through Dhrystone: 0.3
Dhrystones per Second: 3003003
这是我运行dry2执行文件的结果:
每秒运行Dhrystones的次数为：1126126
root@MaixLinux:/mnt/dhrystone# ./dry2
Dhrystone Benchmark, Version C, Version 2.2
Program compiled without 'register' attribute
Using times(), HZ=100
Trying 50000 runs through Dhrystone:
Measured time too small to obtain meaningful results
Trying 500000 runs through Dhrystone:
Measured time too small to obtain meaningful results
Trying 5000000 runs through Dhrystone:
Final values of the variables used in the benchmark:
Int_Glob: 5
should be: 5
Bool_Glob: 1
should be: 1
Ch_1_Glob: A
should be: A
Ch_2_Glob: B
should be: B
Arr_1_Glob[8]: 7
should be: 7
Arr_2_Glob[8][7]: 5000010
should be: Number_Of_Runs + 10
Ptr_Glob->
Ptr_Comp: 0x2db27260
should be: (implementation-dependent)
Discr: 0
should be: 0
Enum_Comp: 2
should be: 2
Int_Comp: 17
should be: 17
Str_Comp: DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, SOME STRING
should be: DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, SOME STRING
Next_Ptr_Glob->
Ptr_Comp: 0x2db27260
should be: (implementation-dependent), same as above
Discr: 0
should be: 0
Enum_Comp: 1
should be: 1
Int_Comp: 18
should be: 18
Str_Comp: DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, SOME STRING
should be: DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, SOME STRING
Int_1_Loc: 5
should be: 5
Int_2_Loc: 13
should be: 13
Int_3_Loc: 7
should be: 7
Enum_Loc: 1
should be: 1
Str_1_Loc: DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, 1'ST STRING
should be: DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, 1'ST STRING
Str_2_Loc: DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, 2'ND STRING
should be: DHRYSTONE PROGRAM, 2'ND STRING
Microseconds for one run through Dhrystone: 0.9
Dhrystones per Second: 1126126
总结
dhrystone运行的结果我觉得不是特别有参考价值，不太优化结果下，运行的结果都不一样。而且数据相差挺大的，每秒运行Dhrystones次数差不多三倍。所以dhrystone得到的运行的结果看看得了，感觉并不是特别能反映CPU的运行效率。