【HCIA】静态路由综合实验

实验要求：

1、R6为ISP，接口IP地址均为公有地址，该设备只能配置IP地址之后不能再对其进行任何配置

2、R1-R5为局域网，私有IP地址192.168.1.0/24，请合理分配

3、R1、R2、R4，各有两个环回IP地址;R5,R6各有一个环回地址;所有路由器上环回均代表连接用户的接口

4、R3下面的两台PC通过DHCP自动获取IP地址

5、选路最佳，路由表尽量小，避免环路

6、R1-R5均可以访问R6的环回

7、在R1上配置telnet服务，使R6能通过R5的公有地址telnet到R1上

8、R4与R5正常通过1000M链路，故障时通过100m链路

分析

1、R6为ISP，只需对R6进行IP配置

2、R1-R5为局域网，对192.168.1.0/24进行合理的子网划分

3、分别在R1、R2、R4、R5上添加对应数量的环回接口，相当于每个接口连接一台PC端

4、在R3上配置DHCP，使其PC能过获取到地址

5、手工汇总，添加缺省路由，在汇总路由上添加空接口

6、在R5上配置NAT，使其R1-R5可访问到R6

7、talent远程登录

8、在R4上配置浮动静态路由

配置

1、子网划分

网段可分为骨干链路和五个大网段（需划分为八个网段（27位掩码））

所以将192.168.1.0/24划分为：

192.168.1.0/27        192.168.1.32/27        192.168.1.64/27        192.168.1.96/27

192.168.1.128/27        192.168.1.160/27        192.168.1.192/27        192.168.1.224/27

取第一个网段划分为骨干链路(需要六个网段，再往后移3位掩码)：

192.168.1.0/30        192.168.1.4/30        192.168.1.8/30        192.168.1.12/30

192.168.1.16/30        192.168.1.20/30        192.168.1.24/30        192.168.1.28/30

取第二个到第六个网段划分对应路由的路由环路

R1--192.168.1.32/27        192.168.1.32/28        192.168.1.48/28

R2--192.168.1.64/27        192.168.1.64/28        192.168.1.80/28

R3--192.168.1.96/27        

R4--192.168.1.128/27        192.168.1.128/28        192.168.1.144/28

R5--192.168.1.160/27        

2、IP配置

[AR1]interface g0/0/0
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.1 30

[AR1]interface g0/0/1
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad	
[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.5 30

[AR1-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0
[AR1-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.33 28
[AR1-LoopBack0]int lo1
[AR1-LoopBack1]ip ad	
[AR1-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.49 28


[AR1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.2
[AR1]ip route-static 192.168.1.16 30 192.168.1.6
[AR1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.2
[AR1]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.6

[AR2]int g0/0/0
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.2 30

[AR2]int g0/0/1
[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.9 30

[AR2-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int lo0
[AR2-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.65 28
[AR2-LoopBack0]int lo1
[AR2-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.81 28

[AR3]int g0/0/0
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.6 30

[AR3]int g0/0/1
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip ad	
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.13 30

[AR3]int g0/0/2
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.1.97 27

[AR4]int g0/0/0
[AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.10 30

[AR4]int g0/0/1
[AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.14 30

[AR4-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g3/0/0
[AR4-GigabitEthernet3/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.17 30

[AR4-GigabitEthernet3/0/0]int g4/0/0
[AR4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]ip address 192.168.1.21 30

[AR4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]int lo0
[AR4-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.129 28
[AR4-LoopBack0]int lo1
[AR4-LoopBack1]ip address 192.168.1.145 28

[AR5]int g0/0/0 
[AR5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.0.0.1 24

[AR5-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int g0/0/1
[AR5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]ip address 192.168.1.18 30

[AR5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]int g0/0/2
[AR5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]ip address 192.168.1.22 30

[AR5-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]int lo0
[AR5-LoopBack0]ip address 192.168.1.161 27

[AR6]int g0/0/0
[AR6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]ip address 12.0.0.2 24

[AR6-GigabitEthernet0/0/0]int lo0
[AR6-LoopBack0]ip address 1.0.0.1 24

3、开启DHCP服务

[AR3]dhcp enable
Info: The operation may take a few seconds. Please wait for a moment.done.
[AR3]ip pool r3
Info: It's successful to create an IP address pool.
[AR3-ip-pool-r3]network 192.168.1.96 mask 27
[AR3-ip-pool-r3]gateway-list 192.168.1.97
[AR3-ip-pool-r3]dns-list 114.114.114.114 
[AR3-ip-pool-r3]int g0/0/2	
[AR3-GigabitEthernet0/0/2]dhcp select global 

开启PC1和PC2的DHCP，勾选自动获取DNS服务器地址，点击应用

使用ipconfig来查看是否获取到DHCP分配的IP地址 

测试：

4、手写路由，缺省路由

简化实验，关闭百兆接口，后面再开启

[AR4]int g4/0/0
[AR4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]shutdown 

[AR1]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.2
[AR1]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.2

[AR1]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.6
[AR1]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.6

# 缺省路由
[AR1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.2
[AR1]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.6

[AR2]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.1
[AR2]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.1
[AR2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.1
[AR2]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.10


[AR2]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.10

[AR3]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.5
[AR3]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.5	
[AR3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.5
[AR3]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.14


[AR3]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.14

[AR4]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.9
[AR4]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 27 192.168.1.9
[AR4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.9
[AR4]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.13
[AR4]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.13
[AR4]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.13

[AR4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.18
[AR4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22

浮动静态路由配置 

[AR5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 192.168.1.17
[AR5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 192.168.1.17
[AR5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 192.168.1.17
[AR5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 192.168.1.17
[AR5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 30 192.168.1.17
[AR5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 30 192.168.1.17
[AR5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 30 192.168.1.17
[AR5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 30 192.168.1.17
[AR5]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 12.0.0.2

5、配置NAT

[AR5]acl 2000
[AR5-acl-basic-2000]rule p	
[AR5-acl-basic-2000]rule permit s	
[AR5-acl-basic-2000]rule permit source 192.168.1.0 0.0.0.255
[AR5-acl-basic-2000]int g0/0/1
[AR5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat out	
[AR5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat outbound 2000

6、空接口，避免环路

[AR1]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 27 null 0
[AR2]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 27 null 0
[AR3]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 27 null 0
[AR4]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 27 null 0

7、R4与R5正常通过1000M链路，故障时通过100m链路

开启百兆接口，将百兆接口的优先级修改为61

[AR4]int g4/0/0
[AR4-GigabitEthernet4/0/0]undo shutdown
[AR4]ip route-static 0.0.0.0 0 192.168.1.22 preference 61

[AR5]ip route-static 192.168.1.0 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 pr 61
[AR5]ip route-static 192.168.1.4 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 pr 61
[AR5]ip route-static 192.168.1.8 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 pr 61
[AR5]ip route-static 192.168.1.12 255.255.255.252 192.168.1.21 pr 61
[AR5]ip route-static 192.168.1.32 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.21 pr 61
[AR5]ip route-static 192.168.1.64 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.21 pr 61
[AR5]ip route-static 192.168.1.96 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.21 pr 61
[AR5]ip route-static 192.168.1.128 255.255.255.224 192.168.1.21 pr 61

8、telent远程登录

[AR1-aaa]local-user zz password cipher 123
Info: Add a new user.
[AR1-aaa]local-user zz service-type telnet 
[AR1-aaa]user-interface vty 0 4
[AR1-ui-vty0-4]authentication-mode aaa

[AR5-GigabitEthernet0/0/1]nat server protocol tcp global current-interface 23 in
side 192.168.1.1 23
Warning:The port 23 is well-known port. If you continue it may cause function fa
ilure.
Are you sure to continue?[Y/N]:y