VsCode C++环境配置、VsCode + cmake 多目录文件编译、调试
0、准备工作
-
下载 VsCode 链接：https://code.visualstudio.com/
-
下载 g++ 链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1b7FPbnDzVLuuKMm1dWVhaA 提取码：p978
-
下载CMake 链接：https://pan.baidu.com/s/1JDTR0GHvBpBJ_AoH0qP-ow 提取码：k4zr
一、C++环境配置
1、配置g++环境
将下载好的 gcc包解压到一个文件夹，然后将其的 bin 目录添加到你电脑的环境变量中，并将bin目录下的mingw32-make.exe 改为make.exe。比如我的
右点击 此电脑 --> 属性 --> 高级系统设置 --> 环境变量 --> 用户变量 --> 选中 Path --> 点击编辑
2、安装CMake ,默认安装就OK
3、安装VsCode，并下载插件，清单如下，搜索下载即可
二、编译、调试环境搭建
一般文件结构
- main.cpp 主程序
- .vscode 下为 调试配置文件
- bin 生成的可执行文件放在这里
- build 存放cmake后的make文件
- lib 代码生成的库放在这里
- addition subtraction 用来测试的两个目录，里面各有一对源文件
1、具体程序代码：
// main.cpp
#include"addition/add.h"
#include"subtraction/sub.h"
#include
using namespace std;
int main(int argc, char* argv)
{
addFunc(1, 2);
subFunc(7, 1);
return 0;
}
// add.h
#ifndef ADD_H_
#define ADD_H_
#include
void addFunc(int x, int y);
#endif // !ADD_H_ // add.cpp
#include"add.h"
void addFunc(int x, int y)
{
printf("%d + %d = %d \n", x, y, x + y);
}// sub.h
#ifndef SUB_H_
#define SUB_H_
#include
void subFunc(int x, int y);
#endif // !SUB_H_ // sub.cpp
#include"sub.h"
void subFunc(int x, int y)
{
printf("%d + %d = %d \n", x, y, x - y);
}2、具体编译调试配置文件：
launch.json
{
// Use IntelliSense to learn about possible attributes.
// Hover to view descriptions of existing attributes.
// For more information, visit: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387
"version": "0.2.0",
"configurations": [
{
"name": "(gdb) 启动",
"type": "cppdbg",
"request": "launch",
"program": "${workspaceFolder}/bin/main",
"args": [],
"stopAtEntry": false,
"cwd": "${workspaceFolder}",
"environment": [],
"externalConsole": true,
"MIMode": "gdb",
// "miDebuggerPath": "/path/to/gdb",
"setupCommands": [
{
"description": "为 gdb 启用整齐打印",
"text": "-enable-pretty-printing",
"ignoreFailures": true
}
],
"preLaunchTask": "make" // very import, task.json' make
}
]
}tasks.json
{
// See https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?LinkId=733558
// for the documentation about the tasks.json format
"version": "2.0.0",
"options": {
"cwd": "${workspaceRoot}/build"
}, // very import
"tasks": [
{
"label": "build",
"type": "shell",
"command": "msbuild",
"args": [
// Ask msbuild to generate full paths for file names.
"/property:GenerateFullPaths=true",
"/t:build",
// Do not generate summary otherwise it leads to duplicate errors in Problems panel
"/consoleloggerparameters:NoSummary"
],
"group": "build",
"presentation": {
// Reveal the output only if unrecognized errors occur.
"reveal": "silent"
},
// Use the standard MS compiler pattern to detect errors, warnings and infos
"problemMatcher": "$msCompile"
},
{
"label": "cmake",
"type": "shell",
"command": "cmake",
"args": [
"-G",
"Unix Makefiles",
"-DCMAKE_BUILD_TYPE=Debug",
".."
]
},
{
"label": "make",
"group": {
"kind": "build",
"isDefault": true
},
"type": "shell",
"command": "make",
"args": []
}
]
}根目录下的 CMakeLists.txt ，看清楚这个文件名
CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.6)
#项目名称
PROJECT(HelloWorld)
set(CMAKE_C_COMPILER "gcc")
set(CMAKE_CXX_COMPILER "g++")
set(CMAKE_CXX_STANDARD 11)
# 根目录/代码路径
aux_source_directory(. DIR_MAIN)
#dubug 模式-----------------------it's very import for Debug
set (CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS "${CMAKE_CXX_FLAGS} -g")
# 添加子目录
include_directories("${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/addition" "${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/subtraction") # head file
add_subdirectory(addition) # source file search the catalog
add_subdirectory(subtraction)
# 编译成可执行文件
set(EXECUTABLE_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/bin) ###### 输出可执行文件目录
add_executable(main ${DIR_MAIN})
# 链接hellolib库，注意下面子目录src的CMakeLists
link_directories("${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/lib")
target_link_libraries(main addlib sublib)
#################################### Makefile.txt #######################################
# CPP = g++
# CFLAGS = -Wall -O2 -g -IGeomtry -IInput -IOutput -IPostProcess -ISolver
# TARGET = ./Bin/main.exe
# DIRS = Common Geomtry Parser PostProcess Solver Main .
# FILES = $(foreach dir, $(DIRS), $(wildcard $(dir)/*.cpp))
# OBJS = $(patsubst %.cpp,%.o,$(patsubst %.cpp,%.o,$(FILES)))
# $(TARGET):$(OBJS)
# $(CPP) -o $(TARGET) $(OBJS)
# clean:
# -$(RM) $(TARGET)
# -$(RM) $(OBJS)addition 目录下的 CMakeLists.txt
CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.6)
# generate lib
SET(LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/lib) #####
aux_source_directory(. ADD_SRC)
add_library(addlib ${ADD_SRC})
# 用到其他的代码文件时，即头文件引用了其他的头文件
# link_directories("${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/lib")
# target_link_libraries(addlib xxx xxx)subtraction 目录下的 CMakeLists.txt
CMAKE_MINIMUM_REQUIRED(VERSION 2.6)
# generate lib
SET(LIBRARY_OUTPUT_PATH ${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/lib) #####
aux_source_directory(. SUB_SRC)
add_library(sublib ${SUB_SRC})
# 用到其他的代码文件时，即头文件引用了其他的头文件
# link_directories("${PROJECT_SOURCE_DIR}/lib")
# target_link_libraries(sublib xxx xxx)3、编译步骤
- 进入 build 目录，执行 cmake .. (PS: 第一次编译需要执行 cmake -G "Unix Makefiles" .. )
- 继而 执行 make
- 进入 bin 目录，你会发现多了一个生产的可执行文件 main. 执行 ./main
4、调试
按 F5 或者 点击图示 绿色三角形
写在最后：每次改动后，都需要在 build 目录 make 一下代码
如 前面 make 成功了，改动代码重新make时失败了，那么删除 以前 cmake 的文件，重新 camke。 即在 build 目录操作如下:
rm -rf *
cmake -G "Unix Makefiles" ..
make