本系列主要介绍Android8.0系统启动过程中涉及到的init、Zygote、SystemServer和Launcher。
在之前的三篇文章中,讲解了如下的过程:
- 初始化化:电源上电,加载BootLoader程序; 启动init.cpp,解析init.rc配置文件;
- 启动Zygote进程:启动虚拟机和注册JNI方法;注册Socket服务端,预加载资源;执行runSelectLoop()方法等待其他进程的注册;
- 启动SystemServer进程:通过Zygote启动,创建Binder线程池、执行main方法;开启 三个系统服务(引导、核心和其他)。
在完成以上三个过程后,我们的系统就开始加载Launcher应用,查看源码可以发现Launcher是作为一个APP应用执行的,其一般位于系统的packages/apps目录下,可以通过该应用启动系统中其他应用程序,提供快捷访问图标。
一、Launcher的启动
1.1启动准备
在SystemServer启动时,会先启动引导服务,其中包括PMS(PackageManagerService)和AMS(ActivityManagerService),其中PMS主要作用是系统中的APK的解析和安装;AMS主要用于四大组件的启动 和管理,因此LauncherActivity通过AMS启动。
完成引导服务的启动后,开启启动其他服务。启动Launcher的入口为AMS的systemReady方法,
frameworks\base\services\java\com\android\server\SystemServer.java
private void startOtherServices() {
...
//在此之前会做大量的准备工作,包括AMS、PMS 和NetworkScoreService等各种服务,完成以上操作后,表示activity manager可以运行
mActivityManagerService.systemReady(() -> {
Slog.i(TAG, "Making services ready");
traceBeginAndSlog("StartActivityManagerReadyPhase");
mSystemServiceManager.startBootPhase(
SystemService.PHASE_ACTIVITY_MANAGER_READY);
...
}
...
...
}
frameworks\base\services\core\java\com\android\server\am\ActivityManagerService.java
public void systemReady(final Runnable goingCallback, TimingsTraceLog traceLog) {
traceLog.traceBegin("PhaseActivityManagerReady");
synchronized(this) {
...
mStackSupervisor.resumeFocusedStackTopActivityLocked();
mUserController.sendUserSwitchBroadcastsLocked(-1, currentUserId);
...
}
}
1.2找到Launcher 的Activity
AMS通过调用ActivityStack实现对堆栈中Activity对象的管理,我们的最终目的是查找到Launcher应用所在的Activity是如何被调用起来的?
其流程如下:
ActivityStackSuperior#resumeFocusedStackTopActivityLocked() ->ActivityStack#resumeTopActivityUncheckedLocked()->resumeTopActivityInnerLocked()
在resumeTopActivityInnerLocked中,通过调用startHomeActivityLocked方法,开启启动Launcher的Activty。
frameworks\base\services\core\java\com\android\server\am\ActivityStackSupervisor.java
boolean resumeFocusedStackTopActivityLocked(
ActivityStack targetStack, ActivityRecord target, ActivityOptions targetOptions) {
if (targetStack != null && isFocusedStack(targetStack)) {
return targetStack.resumeTopActivityUncheckedLocked(target, targetOptions);
}
...
return false;
frameworks\base\services\core\java\com\android\server\am\ActivityStack.java
boolean resumeTopActivityUncheckedLocked(ActivityRecord prev, ActivityOptions options) {
if (mStackSupervisor.inResumeTopActivity) {
return false;
}
boolean result = false;
try {
mStackSupervisor.inResumeTopActivity = true;
result = resumeTopActivityInnerLocked(prev, options);
} finally {
mStackSupervisor.inResumeTopActivity = false;
}
final ActivityRecord next = topRunningActivityLocked(true /* focusableOnly */);
if (next == null || !next.canTurnScreenOn()) {
checkReadyForSleep();
}
return result;
}
frameworks\base\services\core\java\com\android\server\am\ActivityStackSupervisor.java
private boolean resumeTopActivityInnerLocked(ActivityRecord prev, ActivityOptions options) {
...
return isOnHomeDisplay() &&
mStackSupervisor.resumeHomeStackTask(prev, reason);
...
if (r != null && !r.finishing) {
moveFocusableActivityStackToFrontLocked(r, myReason);
return resumeFocusedStackTopActivityLocked(mHomeStack, prev, null);
}
return mService.startHomeActivityLocked(mCurrentUser, myReason);
...
}
1.3 启动Launcher
frameworks\base\services\core\java\com\android\server\am\ActivityManagerService.java
boolean startHomeActivityLocked(int userId, String reason) {
//1 判断工厂模式和topAction
if (mFactoryTest == FactoryTest.FACTORY_TEST_LOW_LEVEL
&& mTopAction == null) {
return false;
}
//2 创建启动Launcher的Intent
Intent intent = getHomeIntent();
ActivityInfo aInfo = resolveActivityInfo(intent, STOCK_PM_FLAGS, userId);
if (aInfo != null) {
intent.setComponent(new ComponentName(aInfo.applicationInfo.packageName, aInfo.name));
aInfo = new ActivityInfo(aInfo);
aInfo.applicationInfo = getAppInfoForUser(aInfo.applicationInfo, userId);
ProcessRecord app = getProcessRecordLocked(aInfo.processName,
aInfo.applicationInfo.uid, true);
if (app == null || app.instr == null) {
intent.setFlags(intent.getFlags() | Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);
final int resolvedUserId = UserHandle.getUserId(aInfo.applicationInfo.uid);
final String myReason = reason + ":" + userId + ":" + resolvedUserId;
//3 启动Launcdr
mActivityStarter.startHomeActivityLocked(intent, aInfo, myReason);
}
} else {
Slog.wtf(TAG, "No home screen found for " + intent, new Throwable());
}
return true;
}
在注释1处是对运行模式和Action的判断,其中运行模式包括:非工厂模式、低级工厂模式和高级工厂模式。而Action的是是指启动该Intent的Action,默认是Intent.ACTION_MAIN,表示是该应用的第一个启动的Activity,一般在创建应用时,AndroidMainfest.xm中都会包含唯一个该标签的Action。
而对于桌面应用,会增加Intent.HOME的标签,如果我们想自定义桌面应用,可在该应用的AndroidMainfest中的启动Activity的Action添加android.Intent.action.HOME,如下所示:
启动Launer是在ActivityStarter的startHomeActivityLocked方法中完成,通过ActivityStackSupervisor将该Intent移动至HomeStack(用于存储Launcher的变量)的顶部,最终调用startActivityLocked方法启动该Intnet,实现对Launcer的启动。
void startHomeActivityLocked(Intent intent, ActivityInfo aInfo, String reason) {
mSupervisor.moveHomeStackTaskToTop(reason);
...
}
二 、Launcher桌面图标显示
完成Launcer的启动后,作为一个独立的APP,Launcher开始执行应用的加载和桌面图标的显示。
2.1 加载APP
packages\apps\Launcher3\src\com\android\launcher3\Launcher.java
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
...
//加载桌面颜色信息和监听主题变化
WallpaperColorInfo wallpaperColorInfo = WallpaperColorInfo.getInstance(this);
wallpaperColorInfo.setOnThemeChangeListener(this);
...
//加载桌面应用信息
LauncherAppState app = LauncherAppState.getInstance(this);
...
mModel = app.setLauncher(this);
...
//加载和设置桌面view
mLauncherView = LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate(R.layout.launcher, null);
setupViews();
...
if (!mModel.startLoader(currentScreen)) {
mDragLayer.setAlpha(0);
} else {
mWorkspace.setCurrentPage(currentScreen);
setWorkspaceLoading(true);
}
}
//设置launcher的监听,初始化model
packages\apps\Launcher3\src\com\android\launcher3\LauncherAppState
LauncherModel setLauncher(Launcher launcher) {
getLocalProvider(mContext).setLauncherProviderChangeListener(launcher);
mModel.initialize(launcher); //传入Launcher对象
return mModel;
}
在设置监听时,传入的Callbacks 对象时Launcher,是为了在APP加载完成时,方便通过接口回调的形式返回值Launcher,
下面开始加载App。
packages\apps\Launcher3\src\com\android\launcher3\LauncherModel
public void initialize(Callbacks callbacks) {
synchronized (mLock) {
Preconditions.assertUIThread();
mCallbacks = new WeakReference<>(callbacks);
}
}
//Callbacks 接口包含的内容如下,主要用到bindAllApplications
public interface Callbacks extends LauncherAppWidgetHost.ProviderChangedListener {
...
public void bindAllApplications(ArrayList apps);
public void bindAppsAddedOrUpdated(ArrayList apps);
public void bindAppsAdded(ArrayList newScreens,
ArrayList addNotAnimated,
ArrayList addAnimated);
public void bindPromiseAppProgressUpdated(PromiseAppInfo app);
public void bindShortcutsChanged(ArrayList updated, UserHandle user);
public void bindWidgetsRestored(ArrayList widgets);
public void bindRestoreItemsChange(HashSet updates);
public void bindWorkspaceComponentsRemoved(ItemInfoMatcher matcher);
public void bindAppInfosRemoved(ArrayList appInfos);
public void bindAllWidgets(MultiHashMap widgets);
...
}
加载的Task分析如下
...
packages\apps\Launcher3\src\com\android\launcher3\LauncherModel
//开始加载
public boolean startLoader(int synchronousBindPage) {
...
synchronized (mLock) {
//清除之前的回调缓存
if (mCallbacks != null && mCallbacks.get() != null) {
final Callbacks oldCallbacks = mCallbacks.get();
// Clear any pending bind-runnables from the synchronized load process.
mUiExecutor.execute(new Runnable() {
public void run() {
oldCallbacks.clearPendingBinds();
}
});
// If there is already one running, tell it to stop.
stopLoader();
LoaderResults loaderResults = new LoaderResults(mApp, sBgDataModel,
mBgAllAppsList, synchronousBindPage, mCallbacks);//包含Callbacks对象
if (mModelLoaded && !mIsLoaderTaskRunning) { //已经加载完成且没有正在加载
//加载完成后,开始将结果回调至Launcher
loaderResults.bindWorkspace();
loaderResults.bindAllApps(); //加载的回调
loaderResults.bindDeepShortcuts();
loaderResults.bindWidgets();
return true;
} else {
//开始不断的加载 工作区间、所有的APP、快捷图标和抽屉控件
startLoaderForResults(loaderResults);
}
}
}
return false;
}
packages\apps\Launcher3\src\com\android\launcher3\LauncherModel
public void startLoaderForResults(LoaderResults results) {
synchronized (mLock) {
//停止加载
stopLoader();
//创建新的加载task
mLoaderTask = new LoaderTask(mApp, mBgAllAppsList, sBgDataModel, results);
//在WorkerThread中执行该task
runOnWorkerThread(mLoaderTask);
}
}
//加载中涉及的线程初始化
packages\apps\Launcher3\src\com\android\launcher3\LauncherModel
@Thunk static final HandlerThread sWorkerThread = new HandlerThread("launcher-loader");
static {
sWorkerThread.start();
}
@Thunk static final Handler sWorker = new Handler(sWorkerThread.getLooper());
2.2 加载回调处理
通过LauncherModel的加载线程,获取到了系统中所有的apps的信息,同时通过其Callbacks的接口,很方便的将结果传递出去,
packages\apps\Launcher3\src\com\android\launcher3\Launcher.java
public void bindAllApplications(final ArrayList apps) {
Runnable r = new RunnableWithId(RUNNABLE_ID_BIND_APPS) {
public void run() {
bindAllApplications(apps);
}
};
...
//加载完成后AllAppsContainerView数据更新
mAppsView.setApps(apps);
}
if (mLauncherCallbacks != null) {
mLauncherCallbacks.bindAllApplications(apps);
}
}
数据回调值Launcher的bindAllApplications,开始对AllAppsContainerView界面进行数据设置,其设置的控制控件为AlphabeticalAppsList,通过调用AlphabeticalAppsList实现对数据的设置处理,其实现流程和Recycleview的设置比较类似。
packages\apps\Launcher3\src\com\android\launcher3\allapps\AllAppsContainerView.java
public void setApps(List apps) {
mApps.setApps(apps);
}
//数据传递控制控件中
packages\apps\Launcher3\src\com\android\launcher3\allapps\AlphabeticalAppsList.java
public void setApps(List apps) {
mComponentToAppMap.clear();
addOrUpdateApps(apps);
}
packages\apps\Launcher3\src\com\android\launcher3\allapps\AllAppsContainerView.java
@Override
protected void onFinishInflate() {
...
mAppsRecyclerView = findViewById(R.id.apps_list_view); //可以看到桌面应用部分的界面为RecyclerView
mAppsRecyclerView.setApps(mApps);
mAppsRecyclerView.setLayoutManager(mLayoutManager);
mAppsRecyclerView.setAdapter(mAdapter);
mAppsRecyclerView.setHasFixedSize(true);
...
}
AllAppsContainerView会在XML布局文件加载完成后,调用onFinishInflate方法,使加载的数据最终显示在桌面上。形成我们看到的桌面图标。
2.3 点击桌面图标的跳转至应用
在AllAppsContainerView设置adapter后,由于RecyclerView不包含setOnItemClickListener方法,因此一般是在Adapter中自定义实现,可通过回调的形式将点击事件传递出去,Launcher的执行流程如下:
//packages\apps\Launcher3\src\com\android\launcher3\allapps\AllAppsContainerView.java
public AllAppsContainerView(Context context, AttributeSet attrs, int defStyleAttr) {
...
//创建新的Adapter
mAdapter = new AllAppsGridAdapter(mLauncher, mApps, mLauncher, this);
mSpringAnimationHandler = mAdapter.getSpringAnimationHandler();
mApps.setAdapter(mAdapter);
...
}
设置点击的监听回调
//packages\apps\Launcher3\src\com\android\launcher3\allapps\AllAppsGridAdapter.java
public AllAppsGridAdapter(Launcher launcher, AlphabeticalAppsList apps, View.OnClickListener
iconClickListener, View.OnLongClickListener iconLongClickListener) {
...
mIconClickListener = iconClickListener;
...
}
点击事件的处理
packages\apps\Launcher3\src\com\android\launcher3\Launcher.java
public void onClick(View v) {
...
Object tag = v.getTag();
if (tag instanceof ShortcutInfo) {
onClickAppShortcut(v);
} else if (tag instanceof FolderInfo) {
if (v instanceof FolderIcon) {
onClickFolderIcon(v);
}
} else if ((v instanceof PageIndicator) ||
(v == mAllAppsButton && mAllAppsButton != null)) {
onClickAllAppsButton(v);
} else if (tag instanceof AppInfo) {
startAppShortcutOrInfoActivity(v);
} else if (tag instanceof LauncherAppWidgetInfo) {
if (v instanceof PendingAppWidgetHostView) {
onClickPendingWidget((PendingAppWidgetHostView) v);
}
}
}
//点击桌面应用的快捷图标的处理
protected void onClickAppShortcut(final View v) {
...
startAppShortcutOrInfoActivity(v);
...
}
private void startAppShortcutOrInfoActivity(View v) {
ItemInfo item = (ItemInfo) v.getTag();
Intent intent;
if (item instanceof PromiseAppInfo) {
PromiseAppInfo promiseAppInfo = (PromiseAppInfo) item;
intent = promiseAppInfo.getMarketIntent();
} else {
intent = item.getIntent();
}
...
//跳转至相应的应用
boolean success = startActivitySafely(v, intent, item);
...
}
至此Launcher的启动过程便分析完,总结如下:
- 启动:SystemServer启动PMS和AMS,通过AMS的systemReady开始加载;
- 查找:查找流程如下ActivityStackSuperior#resumeFocusedStackTopActivityLocked() ->ActivityStack#resumeTopActivityUncheckedLocked()->resumeTopActivityInnerLocked();
- 显示:在resumeTopActivityInnerLocked中通过调用startHomeActivityLocked方法,启动Launcher的Activty,通过LauncherModel的加载线程处理,获取到所有的Apps信息,借助Callbacks的接口回调的形式将数据返回值Launcher,然后将数据赋值给AllAppsContainerView,使Apps的桌面图标显示至桌面中。
- 跳转:通过设置点击事件的回调处理,点击桌面图标后,通过startActivitySafely跳转至应用的Main界面。